Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021843 (bowel obstruction)
 9,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cefsulodin (CFS), a new antipseudomonal cephalosporin, shows a potent antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and some Gram-positive bacteria, whereas it shows low activity against many Gram-negative rods. Against clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa, CFS was about 10 times more active than sulbenicillin and carbenicillin, and had a similar activity to gentamicin and dibekacin. The CFS was administered by an intravenous bolus injection at a dose of 1 g to each of 14 patients operated for acute peritonitis with drainage or radical mastectomy with drainage to treat breast cancer. These cases included 3 of localized peritonitis due to perforative appendicitis, 3 of diffuse peritonitis due to perforative duodenal ulcer, 2 of panperitonitis due to intestinal obstruction and perforative sigmoid colon cancer, 4 of subacute cholangitis, localized peritonitis T-tube choledochal drainage due to choledocholithiasis, and 2 of breast cancer. Materials from drain exudate were taken at intervals with sterilized paper discs and CFS concentrations were determined by the paper disc bioassay method with P. aeruginosa NCTC 10490 as the test organism. Serum concentrations of CFS just after injection reached 135.4 +/- 66.1 micrograms/ml, and they were 2.7 +/- 1.5 micrograms/ml at 6 hours after injection. Concentrations in purulent exudates of patients with acute peritonitis increased quickly after intravenous bolus injections, and reached maximum levels relatively early after injection in cases 2 to 3 days after operation. In cases 10 to 13 days after operation, CFS levels were comparatively low and reached to peak levels at 4 to 5 hours after injection. Levels of CFS in purulent exudate tended to increase in proportion to the severity of symptoms, as did CFS levels in appendix wall. Pseudomonas spp. were not isolated in this study, but MICs of CFS were mostly around 1.56 to 3.13 micrograms/ml when clinically isolated Pseudomonas spp. were present at 10(6) cells/ml. Levels of CFS in infected exudate were higher than the above MIC values against Pseudomonas spp. Therefore, CFS were a useful drug for the chemotherapy against pseudomonal infections.
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PMID:[Cefsulodin concentration in exudates from drainage of patients with acute peritonitis following intravenous administration]. 309 29

A new antibiotic drug of oxacephem, with marked resistance to beta-lactamase, 6059-S for parenteral use was tested in 10 patients with acute peritonitis. In 4 cases with appendicitis, 6059-S in a dose of 500 mg was given intramuscularly before operation. In 2 cases with perforate MECKEL'S diverticulitis and intestinal obstruction for right femoral hernia, 6059-S in a dose of 1 g was given by intravenous injection or intravenous drip infusion before or during operation. And in a case with peritonitis after gastrectomy for gastric cancer, 6059-S in a dose of 2 g was given by intravenous drip infusion. Tissue specimens of different sites or body fluids were taken during the operation and from the removed organs. The materials or purulent ascites were subsequently taken at intervals. Determination of 6059-S concentration was performed according to plate agar well bioassay method with Escherichia coli 7437 strain. The peak of 6059-S concentration in purulent ascites of patient with peritonitis for perforate MECKEL'S diverticulitis was 30.5 mcg/ml at 50 min. after 1 g intravenous administration. Concentration of 6059-S in drained pus was 8.38 mcg/ml soon after intravenous drip infusion (2 g, for 2 hrs.). In 10 patients with peritonitis, 6 patients were given 6059-S in a dose of 500 mg by intramuscular administration twice a day, and the serious 4 patients were given in a dose of 1 to 2 g by intravenous drip infusion 1 to 2 times a day. Clinical response was excellent in 6 cases, good in 3 cases, fair in 1 case and poor was none. Any clinical adverse effect was not recognized. On the 6059-S concentration in patients with peritonitis, the concentration in purulent ascites, drained pus and infected tissues were observed higher than the MIC of 6059-S against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Therefore 6059-S will be a very useful drug when used for chemotherapy of acute or subacute peritonitis.
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PMID:[Clinical studies on 6059-S for acute peritonitis. Clinical effect and tissue concentration (author's transl)]. 645 71

In order to prevent the complications of long-term nasogastric suctioning and increase patient comfort, we have been using gastrostomy tubes (G-tubes) in gynecologic oncology patients who are deemed to be at risk for protracted postoperative bowel dysfunction. This study describes our patient selection criteria and evaluates the results with 35 MIC (Medical Innovation Corporation, Milpitas, CA) gastrostomy tubes inserted between September 1, 1992 and April 30, 1993. The procedure is technically easy and adds approximately 10 min to operating time. The tubes were well tolerated by the patients over periods ranging from 5 to 135 days. All tubes were used for postoperative gastric drainage and in addition, eight tubes were used for short-term enteral feeding. One patient with short bowel syndrome continued enteral nutritional supplementation at home. Twenty patients were discharged with their G-tubes in situ. Five of these patients required continuous gastric drainage because of obstruction of gastric emptying or small bowel by advanced tumor, and four of them were taking full liquids orally prior to discharge from the hospital. Gastrostomy tubes are convenient adjuncts to postoperative care of the gynecologic oncology patient and afford palliation with few complications to patients dying with bowel obstruction.
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PMID:Gastrostomy tubes after gynecologic oncologic surgery. 802 Aug 33