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Query: UMLS:C0021843 (bowel obstruction)
 9,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

On-study barium radiographs of 535 patients in the National Cooperative Crohn's Disease Study have been analyzed for the pattern of distribution of bowel disease and the individual features that characterized bowel involvement. On-study and off-study radiographs of 403 of these patients were compared under code to judge radiographic response to drug treatment and discover correlations of radiographic findings with clinical response. Patients with more clinically active disease had more colonic disease on x-ray. Duodenal abnormalities were recognized in 22% of the patients and radiographically typicaly Crohn's disease of the duodenum in 8%. Recurrent Crohn's disease and that characterized by small bowel obstruction each displayed a characteristic appearance. Overall there was little evidence of radiographic improvement during the study, and little correlation between clinical response and evidence of radiologic improvement. Only patients treated with prednisone for more than 6 mo showed statistically significant radiologic improvement. Patients with definite radiographic progression or regression were found in each treatment group. Both fistula and stricture with obstruction were associated with a poor clinical response to all therapies. In view of the evidence from this study that radiographic findings do not correlate with clinical symptoms or response, the ritual use of x-ray to follow patients with Crohn's disease is unnecessary.
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PMID:Radiographic findings of the National Cooperative Crohn's Disease Study. 3 81

After experiencing intermittent episodes of abdominal pain for two years, a 28-year-old woman developed partial small bowel obstruction. Barium enema and colonoscopy revealed the source of obstruction to be an apparent cecal carcinoma. At exploratory laparotomy a primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix with bilateral Krukenberg ovarian metastases was found. This is a rare occurrence and, to our knowledge, the first well-documented case in the English literature. These case also demonstrates difficulties in the preoperative diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the appendix.
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PMID:Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix with bilateral Krukenberg ovarian tumors. 21 Mar 9

Massive spontaneous "anticoagulant" hemorrhage in the bowel wall may cause an acute abdomen with signs of intestinal obstruction within a few hours. An operative revision is indicated if a barium study is not possible to secure this rare diagnosis and therefore other much commoner causes of an acute abdominal illness are not to be excluded. While out of 42 patients, in whom the hemorrhagic segment was resected, only two died as a probable result of the operation, several cases are known where a survival without laparotomy was unimaginable. The dangers of a laparotomy should not, therefore, be overemphasized.
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PMID:[Clinical aspects and therapy of spontaneous under-anticoagulants-occurring intramural intestinal hemorrhages]. 30 82

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis, an idiopathic inflammation of the alimentary canal, is characterized by infiltration of the intestinal wall by eosinophils, massive submucosal edema, and peripheral eosinophilia. It is generally confined to the gastric antrum and proximal small intestine. A young woman had an eosinophilic infiltrate that involved the distal ileum and right colon only. Barium studies showed severe narrowing and shortening of the cecum and ascending colon. Symptoms of intestinal obstruction did not respond satisfactorily to conservative measures. Adhesions over the ileocecal area as well as thickening and induration of the terminal ileum and proximal right colon were found on hemicolectomy. The remaining intestine and the peritoneal cavity were felt to be normal. Histologic examination showed a cellular infiltrate with prominent eosinophils in the mucosa, submucosal edema and fibrosis. During a 40-month follow-up period after the hemicolectomy, the patient has not shown clear evidence of recurrence or extension of the disease to the stomach or proximal small intestine. It is concluded that idiopathic eosinophilic gastroenteritis may primarily involve the ileocecal area. In that location it must be specifically differentiated from intestinal tuberculosis, amebiasis, and Crohn's disease.
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PMID:Eosinophilic gastroenteritis involving the ileocecal area. 42 48

Intrapericardial diaphragmatic hernia (IDH) is the rarest type of adult diaphragmatic hernia. Only 28 cases have been reported. Indirect blunt trauma has been implicated in most cases, but one resulted from a stab wound to the anterior chest. Patients presented immediately or up to 20 years following trauma with symptoms of intermittent bowel obstruction, including one with strangulation, or cardiac dysfunction, including dyspnea, palpitations, and two patients with cardiac tamponade. Physical findings included bowel sounds in the chest, decreased heart and lung sounds, and an absent point of maximal cardiac impulse. Chest roentgenography usually revealed supradiaphragmatic gas shadows suggestive of bowel in the chest. Thorough examination of both anteroposterior and lateral chest roentgenograms and barium gastrointestinal series may provide positive diagnosis of anterior diaphragmatic hernia, and fluoroscopy after induced pneumoperitoneum may establish its pericardial involvement. Celiotomy is the preferred approach to surgical repair of IDH. Since the symptoms referable to adult IDH can be incapacitating or life threatening, herniorrhaphy should be performed promptly upon diagnosis, with expectation of an uneventful recovery and negligible recurrence rate.
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PMID:Intrapericardial diaphragmatic hernia in adults. 42 68

Two cases of neonatal intestinal obstruction, with clinical, radiological and evolutive characteristics typical of the "neonatal small left colon syndrome", are described. Some etiological aspects are commented upon as well as differential diagnosis, which must be done with a certain number of diseases that produce intestinal obstruction in the newborn. Authors consider of great interest the high incidence of this syndrome in children born to diabetic mothers, diagnostic value of barium enema and the usually benign clinical course with very simple therapeutic procedures.
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PMID:[Neonatal small left colon syndrome (author's transl)]. 46 13

Two newborns with similar lesions were treated at two children's hospitals. Each newborn presented with an abdominal emergency that required immediate surgery. In each instance, small bowel obstruction was clinically and radiologically suspected; barium enema examination showed an irreducible colonic intussusception in the first baby and a colonic perforation in the second. Both these findings required immediate operation. The baby with the intussusception had a colon resection and a primary anastomosis, while the newborn with the perforation had a resection and temporary colostomy. Subsequent to the initial surgery, neither baby has received any further treatment for the tumor. The two patients are now well at 13 yr and 6 yr of age.
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PMID:Colon sarcoma in the newborn. 49 Feb 93

The diagnosis of intestinal obstruction is readily made when a patient presents with typical history and signs, and when plain films of the abdomen display characteristic findings. Some patients, however, constitute diagnostic problems because abdominal roentgenograms are still equivocal, even after repetition in four hours. In the unclear case, use of a barium meal will safely, promptly, and routinely prove or disprove small bowel obstruction. Intestinal obstruction in which the initial abdominal films tend to be either unrevealing or equivocal include high obstructions, including the superior mesenteric artery syndrome; presence of strangulation; partial small bowel obstruction; and fluid-filled proximal bowel. In intestinal obstruction, characteristic roentgenographic findings with use of barium meal are normal to rather rapid transit time to the point of obstruction; homogenous dilution of barium in dilated proximal loops; and inhomogenous, scattered, and fragmented collections of barium in the distal, collapsed loops.
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PMID:How and when to use barium for diagnosis of small bowel obstruction. 51 60

The most common nontraumatic acute surgical lesions of the infant abdomen are considered. These abdominal lesions are divided into those which do and do not cause bowel obstruction. Lesions causing bowel obstruction are almost always identified as being surgical and are usually appropriately treated. Most common in this group are incarcerated inguinal hernia and malrotation. Among the non-obstructive lesions, appendicitis is the most common and frequently very difficult to diagnose in this age group. The early use of a barium enema is advocated if appendicitis is a diagnostic possibility. Profound ileus can be seen in a variety of medical conditions and several examples are cited.
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PMID:Radiology of the acute surgical abdomen in infants and young children. 52 37

Intestinal ascariasis is the first among the most frequent parasitosis in Acapulco, Gro. Studying one of its most frequent complications, such as intestinal obstruction or subobstruction, it was found to occupy the 5th place as cause of admission to this service. The number of admissions was 1461 pediatric patients in a year, out of which there were 85 cases with total or partial obstruction due to ascarides. Routine studies were made including plain and barium X-ray plates. With the treatment instituted and adequate management there was no mortality. Only 8 cases required surgery. Stress is placed on X-ray studies to confirm the diagnosis.
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PMID:[Intestinal obstruction ducts ascarides in childhood]. 61 27


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