Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021843 (bowel obstruction)
 9,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cefminox sodium (CMNX, MT-141), a new semisynthetic cephamycin, having marked resistance to beta-lactamase, and a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against various bacterial species, including Haemophilus influenzae, Serratia marcescens and Citrobacter freundii, CMNX has higher activity in vivo than in vitro. For therapeutic purpose, CMNX was given in a daily dose of 0.5 g (0.5 g X 1) to 2 g (1 X 2) by intravenous drip infusion for 4 to 8 days to 24 cases with acute peritonitis (17 cases with acute appendicitis, 1 with localized peritonitis after gastrectomy, 1 with diffuse peritonitis due to perforative duodenal ulcer and 5 with panperitonitis due to intestinal obstruction). The clinical response was rated excellent in 9 cases, good in 14 cases and fair in 1 case and poor in none. No adverse effect was observed. There were 29 strains isolated organisms included 12 Escherichia coli, some Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These isolated organisms were eradicated after CMNX treatment, except a strain of E. faecalis was decreased. In 19 cases of them, 16 cases with acute peritonitis due to acute appendicitis and 3 cases with acute panperitonitis due to intestinal obstruction, CMNX was administered intravenously in a dose of 1 g (1 case was 0.5 g) before or during the operation, and tissue specimens and body fluids samples were taken during the operation. CMNX concentration was determined to a bioassay with Escherichia coli NIHJ or Vibrio vercolans ATCC 8461 as the test organisms. CMNX concentrations in purulent ascites were 47.2 +/- 38.5 micrograms/ml (n = 23), those in infected appendix wall were 32.2 +/- 21.7 micrograms/g (n = 16), that in pus in appendix were 22.1 +/- 24.3 micrograms/ml (n = 8) and that in other non infected tissues were 24.3 +/- 22.0 micrograms/g (n = 8). CMNX concentrations in infected tissues were higher than the non infected tissues. In the 3 cases with empyemic appendicitis, CMNX levels in pus in appendix were more higher than that in appendix wall itself. Therefore, CMNX sodium appears to be a very useful drug when used for chemotherapy on acute peritonitis.
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PMID:[Cefminox concentration in tissues and clinical efficacy of cefminox in acute peritonitis]. 393 Jul 84

A new antibiotic drug of cephalosporin group, with marked resistance of beta-lactamase, cefmenoxime (CMX) for parenteral use was tested in 15 patients with acute peritonitis. CMX in a dose of 500 mg was given intramusculary before the operation, to 8 cases with appendicitis, and 2 cases with intestinal obstruction. In 3 cases with appendicitis and a case with intestinal perforation, CMX in a dose of 500-1,000 mg was given by intravenous injection before or during the operation. And in a case with appendicitis, CMX in a dose of 1 g was given by intravenous drip infusion before the operation. Tissue specimens of different sites or body fluids were taken during the operation and from the removed organs. The materials of purulent ascites were subsequently taken at intervals. Determination of CMX concentration was performed according to cup bioassay method with Proteus mirabilis ATCC 21100 strain. The peak of CMX concentration in purulent ascites of patient with panperitonitis for intestinal perforation was 39.5 microgram/ml at 41 minutes after 1 g intravenous administration. Concentration of CMX in pus in the appendix was 52.5 microgram/ml at 20 minutes after 1 g intravenous administration. In 15 patients with acute peritonitis, 11 patients were given CMX in a dose of 500 mg by intramuscular administration twice a day, and the serious 4 patients were given in a dose of 500 mg to 1 g by intravenous drip infusion twice a day. Clinical response was excellent in 10 cases, good in 5 cases, fair and poor were none.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical study of cefmenoxime in acute peritonitis: clinical effect and tissue concentration of cefmenoxime]. 631 6

A new antibiotic drug of oxacephem, with marked resistance to beta-lactamase, 6059-S for parenteral use was tested in 10 patients with acute peritonitis. In 4 cases with appendicitis, 6059-S in a dose of 500 mg was given intramuscularly before operation. In 2 cases with perforate MECKEL'S diverticulitis and intestinal obstruction for right femoral hernia, 6059-S in a dose of 1 g was given by intravenous injection or intravenous drip infusion before or during operation. And in a case with peritonitis after gastrectomy for gastric cancer, 6059-S in a dose of 2 g was given by intravenous drip infusion. Tissue specimens of different sites or body fluids were taken during the operation and from the removed organs. The materials or purulent ascites were subsequently taken at intervals. Determination of 6059-S concentration was performed according to plate agar well bioassay method with Escherichia coli 7437 strain. The peak of 6059-S concentration in purulent ascites of patient with peritonitis for perforate MECKEL'S diverticulitis was 30.5 mcg/ml at 50 min. after 1 g intravenous administration. Concentration of 6059-S in drained pus was 8.38 mcg/ml soon after intravenous drip infusion (2 g, for 2 hrs.). In 10 patients with peritonitis, 6 patients were given 6059-S in a dose of 500 mg by intramuscular administration twice a day, and the serious 4 patients were given in a dose of 1 to 2 g by intravenous drip infusion 1 to 2 times a day. Clinical response was excellent in 6 cases, good in 3 cases, fair in 1 case and poor was none. Any clinical adverse effect was not recognized. On the 6059-S concentration in patients with peritonitis, the concentration in purulent ascites, drained pus and infected tissues were observed higher than the MIC of 6059-S against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Therefore 6059-S will be a very useful drug when used for chemotherapy of acute or subacute peritonitis.
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PMID:[Clinical studies on 6059-S for acute peritonitis. Clinical effect and tissue concentration (author's transl)]. 645 71

We report the draft genome sequence of Turicella otitidis strain TD1, isolated from a central line catheter sample from a patient with a history of bowel obstruction. It contained several genetic determinants of multidrug-resistant phenotypes such as a cfrA 50S methyltransferase, two major facilitator superfamily-type drug resistance transporters, and a putative beta-lactamase.
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PMID:Draft Genome Sequence of Turicella otitidis TD1, Isolated from a Patient with Bacteremia. 2638 69

Solid tumors are much more common than hematologic malignancies. Although severe and prolonged neutropenia is uncommon, several factors increase the risk of infection in patients with solid tumors, and the presence of multiple risk factors in the same patient is not uncommon. These include obstruction (most often caused by progression of the tumor), disruption of natural anatomic barriers such as the skin and mucosal surfaces, and treatment-related factors such as chemotherapy, radiation, diagnostic and/or therapeutic surgical procedures, and the increasing use of medical devices such as various catheters, stents, and prostheses. Common sites of infection include the skin and skin structures (including surgical site infections), the bloodstream (including infections associated with central venous catheters), the lungs, the hepato-biliary and intestinal tracts, and the urinary tract, and include distinct clinical syndromes such as post-obstructive pneumonia, obstructive uropathy, and neutropenic enterocolitis. The epidemiology of most of these infections is changing with resistant organisms [MRSA, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms] being isolated more often than in the past. Polymicrobial infections now predominate when deep tissue sites are involved. Conservative management of most of these infections (antibiotics, fluid and electrolyte replacement, bowel rest when needed) is generally effective, with surgical intervention being reserved for the drainage of deep abscesses, or to deal with complications such as intestinal obstruction or hemorrhage. Infected prostheses often need to be removed. Reactivation of certain viral infections (HBV, HCV, and occasionally CMV) has become an important issue, and screening, prevention and treatment strategies are being developed. Infection prevention, infection control, and antimicrobial stewardship are important strategies in the overall management of infections in patients with solid tumors. Occasionally, infections mimic solid tumors and cause diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
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PMID:Infections in Cancer Patients with Solid Tumors: A Review. 2816 Feb 69