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Query: UMLS:C0021843 (bowel obstruction)
 9,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of intestinal obstruction due to segmental xanthomatosis involving the small intestine and colon at the ileocecal valve is described in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Infiltration of the bowel wall with lipid-laden histiocytes is documented and is associated with severe attenuation and disruption of the muscularis propria. This xanthomatous infiltrate resulted in luminal stenosis and dysfunctional motility. Segmental xanthomatosis of the bowel is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction due to an infiltrative process. The clinical, radiologic, and pathologic presentation of xanthomatosis may mimic other causes of bowel obstruction.
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PMID:Segmental xanthomatosis of the ileocecal valve with anatomic and functional obstruction. 911 Oct 98

Intestinal xanthomatosis is a rare, nonneoplastic lesion that may involve the small bowel in a localized or generalized way. It most probably represents a nonspecific response to a previous injury. Most cases are not suspected clinically. They are diagnosed by endoscopy/biopsy, surgical specimen, or autopsy. It may be a cause of clinically significant obstruction and should be included in the differential diagnosis with other causes of bowel obstruction, particularly in patients with history of radiation therapy or chemotherapy. We report a case of segmental xanthomatosis involving 50 cm of the terminal ileum. The patient was a 22-year-old man who developed intestinal obstruction 16 years after radiation therapy for Ewing sarcoma of the right hip. A review of the English literature revealed that only rare cases have been previously reported.
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PMID:Segmental xanthomatosis of the small intestine. A case report and review of the literature. 1934 78

Vast majority of bowel obstruction is due to postoperative adhesions, malignancy, intestinal inflammatory disease, and hernias; however, knowledge of other uncommon causes is critical to establish a prompt treatment and decrease mortality. Xanthomatosis is produced by accumulation of cholesterol-rich foamy macrophages. Intestinal xanthomatosis is an uncommon nonneoplastic lesion that may cause small bowel obstruction and several cases have been reported in the English literature as obstruction in the jejunum. We report a case of small intestinal xanthomatosis occurring in a 51-year-old female who presented with one day of copious vomiting and intermittent abdominal pain. Radiologic images revealed jejunal loop thickening and inflammatory changes suggestive of foreign body obstruction, diagnostic laparoscopy found two strictures at the jejunum, and a pathologic examination confirmed a segmental small bowel xanthomatosis. This case illustrates that obstruction even without predisposing factors such as hyperlipidemia or lymphoproliferative disorders.
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PMID:Small Bowel Obstruction due to Intestinal Xanthomatosis. 2616 22