Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021843 (bowel obstruction)
 9,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An 11-year-old boy with acute intestinal obstruction presented with tetany, and developed myocardial arrhythmia during anaesthesia. The procedure was abandoned and the patient further investigated. He was found to have hypomagnesaemia and normocalcaemia. Intravenous magnesium sulphate corrected the tetany, and no further arrhythmia occurred during subsequent surgery.
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PMID:Tetany and myocardial arrhythmia due to hypomagnesaemia. A case report. 394 43

Fleet enema (sodium phosphate, C.B. Fleet Co., Inc., Lynchburg, Virginia) is widely used for bowel preparation or constipation relief in the hospital and over the counter. The potential risks, including hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemic coma should be kept in mind of primary care physician. The patients with older age, bowel obstruction, small intestinal disorders, poor gut motility, and renal disease are contraindicated or should be administered with caution. We present a patient with old age and chronic renal failure who developed severe hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemic tetany with coma after sodium phosphate enema. We recommend the use of alternative enema preparations, such as simple tap water or saline solution enemas, which can prevent fatal complications in high risk patients.
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PMID:Extreme hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemic coma associated with phosphate enema. 1837 52

Chemical studies of the blood and urine of four dogs following pyloric obstruction are reported. The observations of other workers that a fall in chlorides and a rise in CO(2)-combining power of the plasma occur, are confirmed. There is also a marked rise in the non-protein nitrogen of the blood, consisting mainly of urea nitrogen and undetermined nitrogen. The fall in chlorides is not due to the loss of chlorides in the gastric juice. The chlorine is probably bound somewhere in the process of protein destruction. There is a close relation between the fall in chlorides and the protein destruction. A study of tetany should include the protein metabolism as well as that of the inorganic salts, since it seems possible that the tetany is due to protein split-products and not to the alkalosis. The chemical changes following pyloric obstruction are essentially the same as those following high intestinal obstruction.
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PMID:CHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE BLOOD OF THE DOG AFTER PYLORIC OBSTRUCTION. 1986 33

Sodium phosphate solutions are commonly used to cleanse the bowel in preparation for colonoscopy, for barium enema or surgical procedures and eventually for treatment of severe constipation. Though relatively safe, these drugs must be used with caution in patients with kidney disease, small intestinal disorders, or poor gut motility and are prohibited in renal insufficiency and bowel obstruction. Especially elderly patients are at increased risk for phosphate intoxication due to decreased glomerular filtration rate, concomitant medication use, and systemic and gastrointestinal diseases. Sodium phosphate solution could induce by at-risk patients serious electrolyte abnormalities (hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia) and acute kidney injury called acute phosphate nephropathy, which is potentially life-threatening condition with slowly progressive renal insufficiency. This article gives a report on two cases of severe adverse effects after administration of oral sodium phosphate solution: an elderly women who developed increase in serum phosphate with compensatory severe hypokalcemia with tetany; and an elderly man who developed acute phosphate nephropathy following colon preparation prior to colonoscopy and barium enema. Especially in elderly and in patients in whom sodium phosphate solution is contraindicated or should be used with caution, we recommend to use isosmotic macrogol (polyethylene glycol) solution for the bowel cleansing a for the treatment of constipation.
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PMID:[Serious risk related to oral use of sodium phosphate solution]. 2435 Sep 42