Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021843 (bowel obstruction)
 9,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 46-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain, nausea vomiting and abdominal distention. Small bowel x-rays and CT scan of the abdomen revealed small bowel obstruction due to malignant melanoma. The diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma was performed 8 years prior to admission on one lesion in the back. Patient received surgical treatment. Completed resection of an involved jejunal [correction of ileal] segment was performed. Three tumor masses were found at laparotomy. Metastasis from malignant melanoma at the gastrointestinal tract occurs frequently though rarely are these intestinal lesions symptomatic. The efficacy of surgical treatment for symptomatic metastatic melanoma is justified to relief symptoms and prolonged survival.
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PMID:[Symptomatic malignant melanoma of the small intestine]. 134 Nov 16

2 patients with unusual presentations of malignant melanoma involving the small intestine, a 75-year-old woman and a 78-year-old man, are described. One underwent laparotomy for diagnosis and removal of a retroperitoneal mass, with no preoperative evidence of the primary disease. The other underwent emergency laparotomy for small bowel obstruction due to intussusception, which was found to result from a metastatic melanoma. A melanoma had been completely resected from the patient's thigh a month previously, but full investigation before the operation for intussusception failed to establish the diagnosis. Malignant melanoma tends to spread to the small intestine, but tumors of this organ are very rare. Preoperative diagnosis is important since it may improve the outcome of surgical intervention, as well as the prognosis in general.
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PMID:[Unusual presentation of malignant melanoma of the small intestine]. 152 41

Eighteen patients were examined; they were suffering from small bowel obstruction due to adhesions (7 cases), hernia (3 cases), carcinoma (2 cases), metastasis from melanoma (1 case), radiation enteritis (2 cases), intramural hematoma (2 cases), and peritoneal carcinosis (1 case). CT capabilities in showing the site and the cause of obstruction were evaluated. CT was performed after conventional radiology in 13 cases, while in 5 cases it was the first exam and demonstrated the condition as an occasional finding. In all cases i.v. contrast agents were administered. Filling of the intestinal loop by oral contrast agent was never performed since the hypodense fluid present in the distended intestinal loops allowed good evaluation of intestinal walls. CT always showed the level of the obstruction thanks to the presence of the distended loops (phi: 4-8 cm) above the condition and of collapsed loops below. In 8/18 cases (44%) it was possible to show the cause of the obstruction. Those due to neoplasms, herniae and intramural hematomas were correctly diagnosed. On the contrary, it was not possible to identify the cause of the obstructions due to adhesions, radiation enteritis and peritoneal metastases because of the absence, in such cases, of specific parietal alterations. According to our results, CT is suitable in patients suffering from small bowel obstruction because it allows: to always show the site of the obstruction and, in some cases, its cause; to diagnose closed loop obstructions; to obtain a simultaneous staging in neoplastic patients.
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PMID:[The potentials of computed tomography in the study of mechanical ileus of the small intestine]. 178 Apr 62

From August 1979 to May 1986, various brachytherapy techniques were applied at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) in an adjuvant setting with/without surgery and external radiation therapy in the management of advanced malignant melanoma. Thirty-three patients underwent brachytherapy procedures. The patients' ages ranged from 35 to 82 years, with a median age of 56 years. Fourteen patients had disease localized to the implant site, whereas 19 patients also had disseminated disease elsewhere. The indications for implant were residual gross disease (21), microscopically positive margins (3), and histologically negative but clinically close margins of resection (9). Local control at the implant site was noted in 80% of patients at 6 months and 42% of patients at 1 year; two patients had reached 54 months and 72 months with no evidence of disease. Local control was 100% (9/9) in patients with histologically negative but clinically close margins of resection, and 48% (11/23) with microscopically positive margins and/or gross residual disease. Complications were seen as follows: delay in wound healing (1), wound infections (4), radiation enteritis (1), small bowel obstruction (1). The present study suggests that brachytherapy combined with surgery can achieve a good local control in patients with negative but clinically close margins of resection. In patients with gross residual disease who are at a high risk for local recurrence, approximately one-half can be locally controlled with this approach. These preliminary results should be tested in a prospective controlled study.
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PMID:Role of brachytherapy in malignant melanoma: a preliminary report. 232 20

Melanoma is increasing in incidence. An often-unsuspected complication is metastasis to the gastrointestinal tract, which leads to bowel obstruction or intussusception. The most common symptoms in patients with gastrointestinal metastasis are vomiting, abdominal pain and abdominal distention. Metastatic disease should be suspected in any patient with gastrointestinal symptoms and a history of cutaneous melanoma.
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PMID:Melanoma metastatic to the gastrointestinal tract. 240 21

Small bowel is the commonest site of gastrointestinal metastases from cutaneous malignant melanoma. Five patients with malignant melanoma involving the small bowel are reported. One patient was operated on for suspected acute appendicitis, two patients for gastrointestinal bleeding and two patients for small bowel obstruction. Two patients remain well 4 and 5 years after surgery.
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PMID:Malignant melanoma involving the small bowel. 376 43

Metastatic tumors of the small bowel from extra-abdominal sites are rare. The primary tumors that have been reported are malignant melanoma, breast cancer, bronchogenic carcinoma, embryonal myosarcoma, and seminoma. We have presented a case of small bowel obstruction due to metastasis from esophageal cancer.
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PMID:Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma from the esophagus occurring as small bowel obstruction. 392 68

Three patients with intestinal metastases from a malignant melanoma are presented. The pathological and clinical findings are reviewed. The symptoms are variable , but usually include unexplained anemia, gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain and intestinal obstruction. X-ray examination of gastrointestinal tract can reveal multiple metastatic lesions with so-called typical "Bull's eye" sign. Surgical excision is indicated and extended survival due to improved chemotherapy and immunotherapy is stressed.
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PMID:[Malignant melanoma of the small intestine]. 670 Aug 36

Metastases to the celio-mesenteric organs from malignant melanoma are studied retrospectively in 22 autopsied cases and in seven surgically treated patients. Metastatic disease to one or more celio-mesenteric organs was found in 86.3% of postmortem examinations: the liver was the most frequently involved organ, followed by the pancreas, peritoneum, small bowel, biliary tract spleen, colon and stomach, in that order. Surgery only resulted in long-term asymptomatic survival in those patients with a long relapse-free interval and a single metastasis. It is concluded that, apart from cases with intestinal obstruction or massive GI bleeding, resection should be reserved for patients with a relapse-free interval of at least 15 months and with a single "alimentary" metastasis. It is suggested that diagnosis of systemic spread at the asymptomatic stage would improve prognosis of stage IV malignant melanoma.
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PMID:Resection of metastases to the alimentary tract from malignant melanoma. 716 Sep 83

Whether melanoma develops as a primary tumor in the small bowel remains controversial. A 57-year-old male Japanese presented signs of intestinal obstruction. Ultrasonography and computed tomography disclosed an abdominal mass with multiple concentric rings, characteristic of intussusception. At surgery, a spherical tumor, 3.8 cm in diameter, with scattered pigmentation was found to lead the intussusception. Segmental intestinal resection with regional lymph node dissection was performed. Pathological examination revealed diffuse infiltration of malignant melanoma cells. Nodal metastasis was seen only in the mesenteric node draining from the tumor-bearing intestinal segment. Twelve months after surgery, melanoma recurred in the liver and para-aortic lymph nodes, where a malignancy of the digestive organs frequently metastasizes; however, no extraperitoneal melanoma was found after repeated examinations. Thus, this case suggests that primary malignant melanoma can originate in the small intestine and be a cause of intussusception in the adults.
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PMID:Intussusception caused by primary malignant melanoma of the small intestine. 912 49


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