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Query: UMLS:C0021843 (bowel obstruction)
 9,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To assess the role of the general surgeon in the care of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex (ARC) the hospital records of all patients with AIDS or ARC who underwent a major operation at the General Surgical Service of Crawford W. Long Memorial Hospital were reviewed. Of 79 patients with AIDS or ARC diagnosed since 1982, 14 required major abdominal surgery. Operations performed were for gastrointestinal (GI) complications of opportunistic infections and neoplasms (four), diagnosis of major retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy (four), and treatment of AIDS-related immune thrombocytopenia (six). GI complications consisted of two cases of cytomegalovirus perforation of ileum and colon, one case of bleeding ileocolonic lymphoma, and one case of cryptosporidium cholecystitis. Laparotomy for diagnosis of retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy was performed in four patients and provided diagnostic material in three of them. Six patients underwent splenectomy for AIDS-related immune thrombocytopenia. Four of these patients had previously been treated with prednisone without impressive results. All patients had marked improvement of their platelet counts and clinical bleeding after splenectomy. Postoperative complications were common and consisted of wound infection, disseminated intravascular coagulation, GI bleeding, pneumocystis pneumonia, small-bowel obstruction, and cytomegalovirus pneumonia. One patient died after laparotomy for perforated ulcers of the ileum and colon.
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PMID:Surgical complications of human immunodeficiency virus infection. 333 82

Eight cases of abdominal tuberculosis from the Department of Medicine, Singapore General Hospital are reported to illustrate the varied clinical manifestations of the disease. Presentation ranged from asymptomatic hepatomegaly to acute abdomen (intestinal obstruction/perforation). Chronic non-specific symptomatology (fever, weight loss, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, jaundice) was commonest. There were three patients with hepatic tuberculosis, two with tuberculous mesenteric lymphadenitis and three with intestinal tuberculosis, two of whom had concomitant tuberculous peritonitis. Only three patients had coexisting pulmonary tuberculosis. The diagnosis was unsuspected at presentation in four patients. Initial provisional diagnoses included typhoid, abdominal lymphoma, hepatic malignancy, chronic hepatitis and iatrogenic gut perforation. All patients responded totally to conventional antituberculous therapy.
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PMID:The varied manifestations of abdominal tuberculosis. 343 16

A series of 50 patients with malignant lymphoma, proven by biopsy, was retrospectively studied. 39 were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 11 Hodgkin's disease. 45 (90%) had been misdiagnosed because of lack of initial specific symptoms. It is suggested that for patients with a painless progressively enlarging superficial lymph node without adhering to its surrounding tissues and irresponsive to general management, having irregular fever, bloody stool, abdominal pain or mass, complication of partial intestinal obstruction, sharp vigilance be kept for the possibility of malignant lymphoma.
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PMID:[Misdiagnosis of malignant lymphoma--report of 45 patients]. 345 41

This is a survey of 234 pediatric patients in whom staging laparotomy/splenectomy was carried out (1975 to 1981) in the course of the Intergroup Hodgkin's Disease in Childhood Study (IHDCS). Relapse has occurred in 44 of these patients, and 12 have died, 7 secondary to extension of lymphoma, 2 with herpes or pneumocystis infections, 2 with leukemia, and 1 from an unrelated accident. During the period of surveillance (mean 5.5 yr), five episodes of bacterial sepsis (positive blood cultures) have occurred, including two due to Streptococcus pneumoniae; and three, to Hemophilus influenzae. The former occurred in the small group of patients in this series who had not received the prescribed pneumococcal vaccination. No fatalities were associated with these septic episodes. Intestinal obstruction secondary to adhesions (benign) occurred in eight patients and was managed without intestinal resection or mortality. One patient required operative release of an obstructed ureter following laparotomy, and one, oophorectomy for an infarcted (transposed) ovary.
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PMID:Postsplenectomy sepsis and other complications following staging laparotomy for Hodgkin's disease in childhood. 348 87

The object of this study is to focus attention on the causes of intestinal obstruction in Libya. In this study, spread over 30 months and involving 114 patients, the most common cause was the entrapment of bowel in an external hernia. Postoperative adhesions accounted for obstruction in a third of our patients, and 59 per cent of them followed appendicectomy. Biliary lithiasis is the most common surgical disease in Libya, yet there was only one instance of gallstone ileus in this series. Sigmoid volvulus and intestinal lymphoma were also rare, and tubercular stricture and Crohn's disease were remarkable by their absence. There were no cases of idiopathic intussusception during or immediately following Ramadan.
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PMID:Major causes of intestinal obstruction in Libya. 358 Aug 11

A case of spontaneous regression of lymphoma is presented. Regression of the tumor occurred during an episode of mechanical small bowel obstruction. Elevated circulating endogenous corticosteroids are thought to have acted against the tumor cells.
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PMID:Transient spontaneous regression of an anterior mediastinal mass. 383 5

Forty-three patients with immunoproliferative small intestinal disease and primary small intestinal lymphoma were studied prospectively. Eighteen patients in whom alpha-chain protein was detected in the serum had significantly more features of malabsorption, and disease was localized more commonly in the jejunum. In all of these patients, a diffuse lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate was found in the intestine; in three patients lymphoma was found only in mesenteric lymph nodes. Twenty-five patients with lymphoma in whom alpha-chain protein failed to be detected had significantly more features of intestinal obstruction, and disease was found more commonly in the ileum. Five of these patients had lymphoma associated with a diffuse mucosal infiltrate that was indistinguishable from the first group. In patients available for follow-up, no difference was found in cumulative survival over 30 months in the two groups, with approximately 40% mortality at 6 months.
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PMID:Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease and primary small intestinal lymphoma. Relation to alpha chain protein. 392 29

Although it is not uncommon to find multiple malignant neoplasms in the same organ, the incidence of synchronous malignant lymphoma and colonic adenocarcinoma has been very rare. This a case report involving a 52-year-old woman in whom malignant lymphoma actually arose within the same segment in which colonic adenocarcinoma was present. Under the diagnosis of advanced adenocarcinoma, she had been treated by right hemicolectomy. However, she developed intestinal obstruction about a month later. At the second surgery for this latter condition, cytologic examination of ascitic fluid revealed many malignant lymphoma cells. In spite of antilymphoma chemotherapy, the patient's condition became progressively worse during the subsequent five-month period, and she died of recurrent malignant lymphoma.
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PMID:[Coexisting malignant lymphoma and advanced adenocarcinoma of the colon--a case report]. 392 46

A case of a primary lymphoma of Meckel's diverticulum in a 6-year-old Iraqi boy presenting clinically as acute appendicitis is reported. Exploration revealed a ruptured gangrenous Meckel's diverticulum with an ileo-ileal intussusception at the diverticulum origin. A fairly comprehensive search through the English language literature has failed to reveal any other report of a primary lymphoma of Meckel's diverticulum leading to acute intestinal obstruction.
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PMID:Primary lymphoma of Meckel diverticulum: a case report. 396 85

Thirteen cases of lymphoma of the bowel in infancy and childhood are presented. There is a marked preponderance in males. The tumour most commonly presents with abdominal pain and intestinal obstruction; the prognosis is poor. Histological findings characteristic of the ;Burkitt' type of lymphosarcoma do not apparently influence survival.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal lymphoma in childhood. 492 Apr 14


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