Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0021843 (bowel obstruction)
 9,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Complications (stenosis, intestinal obstruction, abscess or fistula formation, inflammation, etc.) of colonic diverticulitis are seen in 35% of patients affected. Multiple operative procedures involve less risk than surgery performed in a single session. The mortality in emergency surgery is reported to be up to 40%, while subsequent resection of the diseased colon involves the usual mortality of surgery on the colon, i.e. 1.5-9%. The vital factor in this illness is the earliest possible surgical treatment of the diseased diverticulum, so that the extremely problematical complications can be avoided.
 ...
PMID:[Colonic diverticulitis: diverticulitis with complications and its treatment (author's transl)]. 79 92

Eighty-four computed tomographic (CT) scans from patients referred for bowel obstruction between January 2, 1988, and December 31, 1989, were retrospectively evaluated. A pair of radiologists without knowledge of patient histories determined the presence or absence of bowel obstruction. Sixty-four patients ultimately proved to have intestinal obstruction, and 20 did not. Diagnosis was established by means of surgery (n = 39), barium studies (n = 17), and clinical course (n = 28). Causes of obstruction included adhesions (n = 37), metastases (n = 6), primary tumor (n = 7), Crohn disease (n = 4), hernia (n = 3), hematoma (n = 2), colonic diverticulitis (n = 2), and other (n = 3). In addition, 83 CT examinations in patients with no history or indication of intestinal obstruction were simultaneously reviewed. The overall sensitivity was 94%, specificity was 96%, and accuracy was 95%. The cause of obstruction was correctly predicted in 47 of 64 cases (73%). Intestinal obstruction was not diagnosed in any of the 83 control patients. CT is most useful in patients with a history of abdominal malignancy and in patients who have not been operated on and who have signs of infection, bowel infarction, or a palpable abdominal mass.
 ...
PMID:Bowel obstruction: evaluation with CT. 206 89

Jejunal diverticulosis is an uncommon, acquired condition that has been encountered recently in four patients. These cases (two patients with diverticulitis, one patient with chronic abdominal pain, and one patient incidentally discovered at laparotomy for colonic diverticulitis) are reported. Acute complications of jejunal diverticulosis include diverticulitis, bleeding, and intestinal obstruction. Chronic complications include intractable abdominal pain, malabsorption, and intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Up to 15 per cent of patients with jejunal diverticulosis may require small-bowel resection for treatment of these acute or chronic complications. The clinical significance, proper diagnostic evaluation, and treatment of jejunal diverticular disease are reviewed.
 ...
PMID:Diverticular disease of the jejunum and its complications. 211 Apr 29

Clinical and radiographic findings were reviewed for four patients in whom colonic diverticulitis was suspected clinically but in whom small intestine ischemia was proved surgically. In each patient the initial diagnostic studies--plain abdominal radiography and barium enema examination--revealed generalized small intestine distention and non-specific colonic abnormalities, respectively. The latter findings consisted of an extrinsic impression on the superior or inferior aspect of the sigmoid colon with associated thumbprinting or spiculation. In each patient serosal inflammation of the sigmoid colon produced by an adherent segment of the ischemic small intestine was confirmed at laparotomy. In two patients, delay in surgical intervention resulted in small intestine necrosis. In a patient who has clinical signs and symptoms of colonic ischemia, diverticulitis, or small intestine obstruction but nonspecific findings on barium studies, the diagnosis of small intestine ischemia should be considered and further diagnostic imaging, such as angiography or small intestine follow-through examination, should be performed.
 ...
PMID:Small intestine ischemia simulating primary colonic disease. 358 25

Colonic diverticulitis is frequently complicated by bowel obstruction, abscess, perforation and fistula formation. We report a unique case of colonic diverticulitis complicated by colovenous fistulization with Gastrografin enema examination demonstrating thrombus in the inferior mesenteric vein.
 ...
PMID:Colovenous fistula complicating diverticulitis. Demonstration by contrast enema. 727 May 43

At the end of the eighties, Doppler equipment added to conventional ultrasonography a new dynamic dimension. On the basis of radiological (US, CT, barium studies), clinical, biological, surgical and/or pathological correlations in 30 cases, the following considerations were emphasized. In case of intestinal obstruction, viability of the obstructed segment is compromised when Doppler parietal flow remains undetectable. In Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, as well as in acute appendicitis, presence of Doppler parietal flow throughout the affected thickened segment indicates an acute condition; similarly, abnormally high mean portal velocity (30-48 cm/sec; normal: 15 +/- 7 cm/sec), and abnormally low resistive index in the superior mesenteric artery (0.58-0.78; normal: 0.908 = 0.026) are detected. In colonic diverticulitis, similar characteristics can be observed, but are subtle and usually predominant at the mesenteric side of the affected segment in moderate diverticulitis. These abnormal Doppler findings disappear with successful therapy.
 ...
PMID:[Contribution of Doppler sonography in inflammatory pathology of the large bowels]. 864 80

Patients with acute abdominal pain are a great challenge to the radiologist. The clinical diagnosis is classically unreliable, resulting in both negative laparotomies as well as ill-advised surgical delay in a large number of patients. Ultrasound offers a non-invasive way to decrease both false-negative and false-positive diagnoses in this category of patients. This article focuses on the role of sonography in the diagnosis of acute conditions of the gastrointestinal tract tract such as appendicitis, sigmoid diverticulitis, Crohn's disease, colitis, infectious ileocecitis caused by Yersinia, Campylobacter or Salmonella, right-sided colonic diverticulitis, bowel malignancy presenting acutely, small bowel obstruction, intussusception, omental infarction, and epiploic appendagitis. The sonographic spectrum of these conditions as well as possible pitfalls are discussed using illustrative case histories.
 ...
PMID:Ultrasound of acute GI tract conditions. 1170 19

Small bowel diverticulitis is a rare cause of an acute abdomen. Originating from acquired diverticula of the jejunum, less often of the ileum, or Meckel diverticulum, the symptoms are nonspecific, simulating other acute inflammatory disorders, such as appendicitis, cholecystitis or colonic diverticulitis. The diagnosis of small bowel diverticulitis is solely based on radiologic findings, with computed tomography (CT) regarded as the method of choice. In recent years, a number of case reports have described the spectrum of the CT features in acute small bowel diverticulitis and its dependence on the severity of the inflammatory process. Typical findings are an inflamed diverticulum, inflammatory mesenteric infiltration, extraluminal gas collection and mural edema of adjacent small bowel loops with resultant separation of bowel loops. An enterolith is rarely found in an inflamed diverticulum. Complications include abscesses, fistulae, small bowel obstruction and free perforation with peritonitis. Small bowel diverticulitis can be a diagnostic problem if it involves the terminal ileum or Meckel's diverticulum. For preoperative confirmation of the presumed diagnosis of small bowel diverticulitis on CT, an enteroclysis for acquired diverticula or a technetium scan for Meckel's diverticulum should be performed. We present the CT findings in three patients of acute small bowel diverticulitis, two affecting the jejunum and one a Meckel's diverticulum.
 ...
PMID:[CT findings in acute small bowel diverticulitis]. 1487 80

The purpose of this research is to retrospectively analyze computed tomography (CT) findings of patients with acute colonic diverticulitis presented to a community-based hospital. During a 1-year period from May 2004 to April 2005, CT scans of 138 patients [mean age 62.3 years (SD 14.9), range 30-100 years] with clinical diagnosis of diverticulitis were analyzed. Of the 138 patients, 136 CT scans were performed with oral and intravenous contrast administration except in two patients who received only oral contrast. Twenty-eight patients (28/138, 20.3%) had diverticulosis, 77 (77/138, 55.8%) had uncomplicated diverticulitis, and 33 (33/138, 23.9%) had complications. Left-sided diverticulitis predominated (137/138, 99.3%). Colonic diverticula were identified in almost every patient (136/138, 98.6%); the majority had moderate colonic wall thickening (82/110, 74.5%) and moderate pericolonic inflammation (65/110, 59.1%). Isolated extraluminal air bubbles (19/33, 57.6%) were the most commonly seen complication, followed by abscess (15/33, 45.5%). Bowel obstruction (2/33, 6.1%) and pylephlebitis (1/33, 3.0%) were less commonly seen but were observed as significant abnormalities. Complicated diverticulitis was less prevalent in this community hospital setting, in contrast with referral medical centers. Common CT findings of diverticulitis included presence of diverticula, moderate wall thickening, and pericolonic inflammation. Isolated air bubbles were the most commonly seen complication followed by abscess.
 ...
PMID:Acute colonic diverticulitis in a community-based hospital: CT evaluation in 138 patients. 1713 76

Transmural migrated retained sponges usually impact at the level of the ileo-cecal valve leading to a small bowel obstruction. Once passed through the ileo-cecal valve, a retained sponge can be propelled forward by peristaltic activity and eliminated with feces. We report the case of a 52-year-old female with a past surgical history and recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and constipation. On physical examination, a generalized resistance was observed with tenderness in the right flank. Contrast-enhanced multi-detector computed tomography findings were consistent with a perforated right colonic diverticulitis with several out-pouchings at the level of the ascending colon and evidence of free air in the right parieto-colic gutter along with an air-fluid collection within the mesentery. In addition, a ring-shaped hyperdense intraluminal material was also noted. At surgery, the ascending colon appeared irregularly thickened and folded with a focal wall interruption and a peri-visceral abscess at the level of the hepatic flexure, but no diverticula were found. A right hemi-colectomy was performed and on dissection of the surgical specimen a retained laparotomy sponge was found in the bowel lumen.
...
PMID:Colonic perforation by a transmural and transvalvular migrated retained sponge: multi-detector computed tomography findings. 2476 88


1 2 Next >>