Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0021831 (enteropathy)
 4,403 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma (EATCL) is a high grade, pleomorphic peripheral T-cell lymphoma with usually cytotoxic phenotype. This is a case report of three patients with EATCL. The first patient was 50 year-old woman with four-year history of gluten sensitive enteropathy (GSE). Diagnosis of lymphoma was confirmed after the resection of the jejunum (small intestine obstruction). Pathohistological (PAS, Reticulin, Giemsa) and immunohistochemical (anti-LCA, anti-CD20, anti-CD45RO, anti-CD3) methods revealed the diagnosis of EATCL: CD45RO+, CD3+. After the third cycle of chemotherapy, the disease progressed with massive lung infiltration. Patient died due to complications of bone marrow aplasia. The second patient was 23 year-old woman with long earlier history of GSE. She presented with the acute renal failure. According to established diagnosis of tubulointerstitial nephritis, she was treated with pulse doses of steroid therapy. After temporary improvement, she had dissemination of the disease. On MRI, small intestinal wall was thickened, and abdominal lymph nodes were enlarged with extraluminal compression of common bile duct. Laparotomy with mesenterial lymph node biopsy and consecutive pathohistological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed the diagnosis of EATCL. The patient received chemotherapy, but she died with signs of pulmonary embolization. The third patient was 53 year-old woman without previous history of GSE. Diagnosis of EATCL was revealed after the resection of jejunum because of small intestinal obstruction. She received two cycles of chemotherapy, but she died with signs of disease progression. IgA antiendomysial antibodies were detected in the serum of all patients. The overall survival of patients was 7 months.The possibility of lymphoma rising in patients with clinical progression of GSE despite gluten free diet must be kept in mind.
 ...
PMID:[Enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma]. 1750 73

Computed tomographic (CT) enteroclysis is a hybrid technique that combines the methods of fluoroscopic intubation-infusion small-bowel examinations with that of abdominal CT. The use of multidetector CT technology has made this a versatile examination that has evolved into two distinct technical modifications. CT enteroclysis can be performed by using positive enteral contrast material without intravenous contrast material and neutral enteral contrast material with intravenous contrast material. CT enteroclysis has been shown to be superior to other imaging tests such as peroral small-bowel examinations, conventional CT, and barium enteroclysis, except in the demonstration of early apthous ulcers of Crohn disease. CT enteroclysis is complementary to capsule endoscopy in the elective investigation of small-bowel disease, with a specific role in the investigation of Crohn disease, small-bowel obstruction, and unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding.
 ...
PMID:CT Enteroclysis. 1802 48

Radiation colitis, an insidious, progressive disease of increasing frequency, develops 6 mo to 5 years after regional radiotherapy for malignancy, owing to the deleterious effects of the latter on the colon and the small intestine. When dealing with radiation colitis and its complications, the most conservative modality should be employed because the areas of intestinal injury do not tend to heal. Acute radiation colitis is mostly self-limited, and usually, only supportive management is required. Chronic radiation colitis, a poorly predictable progressive disease, is considered as a precancerous lesion; radiation-associated malignancy has a tendency to be diagnosed at an advanced stage and to bear a dismal prognosis. Therefore, management of chronic radiation colitis remains a major challenge owing to the progressive evolution of the disease, including development of fibrosis, endarteritis, edema, fragility, perforation, partial obstruction, and cancer. Patients are commonly managed conservatively. Surgical intervention is difficult to perform because of the extension of fibrosis and alterations in the gut and mesentery, and should be reserved for intestinal obstruction, perforation, fistulas, and severe bleeding. Owing to the difficulty in managing the complications of acute and chronic radiation colitis, particular attention should be focused onto the prevention strategies. Uncovering the fibrosis mechanisms and the molecular events underlying radiation bowel disease could lead to the introduction of new therapeutic and/or preventive approaches. A variety of novel, mostly experimental, agents have been used mainly as a prophylaxis, and improvements have been made in radiotherapy delivery, including techniques to reduce the amount of exposed intestine in the radiation field, as a critical strategy for prevention.
 ...
PMID:Recent advances in the management of radiation colitis. 1910 62

Human intestinal microbiota create a complex polymicrobial ecology. This is characterised by its high population density, wide diversity and complexity of interaction. Any dysbalance of this complex intestinal microbiome, both qualitative and quantitative, might have serious health consequence for a macro-organism, including small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO). SIBO is defined as an increase in the number and/or alteration in the type of bacteria in the upper gastrointestinal tract. There are several endogenous defence mechanisms for preventing bacterial overgrowth: gastric acid secretion, intestinal motility, intact ileo-caecal valve, immunoglobulins within intestinal secretion and bacteriostatic properties of pancreatic and biliary secretion. Aetiology of SIBO is usually complex, associated with disorders of protective antibacterial mechanisms (e.g. achlorhydria, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, immunodeficiency syndromes), anatomical abnormalities (e.g. small intestinal obstruction, diverticula, fistulae, surgical blind loop, previous ileo-caecal resections) and/or motility disorders (e.g. scleroderma, autonomic neuropathy in diabetes mellitus, post-radiation enteropathy, small intestinal pseudo-obstruction). In some patients more than one factor may be involved. Symptoms related to SIBO are bloating, diarrhoea, malabsorption, weight loss and malnutrition. The gold standard for diagnosing SIBO is still microbial investigation of jejunal aspirates. Non-invasive hydrogen and methane breath tests are most commonly used for the diagnosis of SIBO using glucose or lactulose. Therapy for SIBO must be complex, addressing all causes, symptoms and complications, and fully individualised. It should include treatment of the underlying disease, nutritional support and cyclical gastro-intestinal selective antibiotics. Prognosis is usually serious, determined mostly by the underlying disease that led to SIBO.
 ...
PMID:Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome. 2057

This case report focuses on an elderly gentleman with extensive stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) who experienced episodes of bowel obstruction shortly after commencing first-line chemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide. The patient had no radiological or pathological evidence of intra-abdominal carcinomatosis or paraneoplastic bowel disease secondary to SCLC. Although neurotoxicity is commonly associated with platinum agents, the effect is predominantly peripheral as opposed to autonomic. The authors conclude that the observations documented in this case were secondary to etoposide; a podophyllotoxin that can bind microtubules and inhibit fast axonal transport. Although paralytic ileus is well recognised with podophyllotoxin poisoning, to our knowledge, this is the first report to associate bowel obstruction with standard doses of etoposide and highlights the need for physicians to be aware of such deleterious effects in patients treated with this cytotoxic agent.
 ...
PMID:Chemotherapy-induced bowel obstruction in small cell lung cancer: a case report. 2220 82

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced enteropathy, comprising inflammation, ulceration, occult bleeding and subsequent healing with stricture formation in the small bowel, has become an established clinical entity. Recently, reports of similar pathological changes in the colon have led to increasing awareness of, what is termed, NSAID-induced colopathy. The authors here present a case of NSAID-induced colopathy with diaphragm formation in the colon. Diaphragms are thickened mucosal folds which can completely obliterate the bowel lumen. NSAID-induced colopathy can present with iron-deficiency anaemia, abdominal pain, weight loss, blood-positive stools or altered bowel habits, thus mimicking colon cancer. Acute presentation with bowel obstruction and/or perforation can also occur. Management involves withdrawal of the offending NSAID, excluding differential diagnoses such as inflammatory bowel disease and malignancy, and sometimes surgery with resection. With the increased use of coated and slow-release formulations of NSAIDs, increased awareness with regard to this clinical entity is relevant.
 ...
PMID:Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced colopathy. 2271 84

Intestinal lymphangiectasia is a rare benign disease characterised by focal or diffuse dilation of the mucosal, submucosal and subserosal lymphatics. Clinically, the patients may present with protein losing enteropathy (PLE), hypoproteinemic oedema, chylous ascites, pleural effusion, acute appendicitis and intestinal obstruction.
 ...
PMID:Intestinal lymphangiectasia - a report of two cases. 2313 30

Hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) has been considered a rare entity associated with a poor prognosis. Portal vein gas is most commonly caused by mesenteric ischemia but may have a variety other causes. HPVG can be associated with ischemic bowel disease, inflammatory bowel disease, intra-abdominal abscess, small bowel obstruction, acute pancreatitis, and gastric ulcer. Because of high mortality rate, most HPVG requires emergent surgical interventions and intensive medical management. We experienced a case of hepatic portal venous gas caused by acute pancreatitis and successfully treated with medical management.
 ...
PMID:[A case of successful treatment of portal venous gas caused by acute pancreatitis]. 2357 37

Ileitis, or inflammation of the ileum, is often caused by Crohn's disease. However, ileitis may be caused by a wide variety of other diseases. These include infectious diseases, spondyloarthropathies, vasculitides, ischemia, neoplasms, medication-induced, eosinophilic enteritis, and others. Eosinophilic enteritis can present as abdominal pain, protein loosing enteropathy, ulcers, intestinal obstruction, intussusception and perforation.Bowel perforation is an uncommon presentation of eosinophilic enteritis. We report a rare case of ileal perforation due to eosinophilic enteritis in a 57 years old female.
...
PMID:Rare case of ileal perforation. 2399 95

Transection of gut due to adhesive band is an unusual complication of adhesive bowel disease. A 2-year old female presented with signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction. Eight months earlier she underwent laparotomy for excision of duplication cyst of ileum. Exploratory laparotomy performed during current admission showed complete transection of gut.
...
PMID:Transection of gut loop due to post-operative adhesions. 2404 May 89


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next >>