Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021831 (enteropathy)
 4,403 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the great majority of patients treated with radiation, only transitory injury to the bowel occurs, but in five percent of patients, permanent damage to the small bowel or rectum is seen. Symptoms of radiation enteropathy may begin four to six months after the treatment is completed or may not present until several years later. Most often, the patient presents with abdominal pain, diarrhea, hematochezia, and signs of malnutrition. Others may present, initially, with intestinal obstruction, perforation, or fistulization. It is important to differentiate this clinical syndrome from recurrent cancer by appropriate radiological studies and biopsies.This paper presents four patients who were treated with radiation for invasive carcinoma of the cervix and subsequently developed radiation enteritis. All were treated surgically and are surviving.
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PMID:Surgical management of radiation enteritis. 44 53

We report two cases of a syndrome related to the bowel bypass surgical procedure. This syndrome consists of a flu-like illness, with temperatures from 38.3 to 39.4 degrees C (101 to 103 degrees F), chills, malaise, and inflammatory papules and pustules, 2 to 4 mm in diameter, on the extremities and upper part of the trunk. The illness lasts two to six days, and then recurs in one to six weeks. During some episodes, myalgia and polyarthralgia occur; between episodes, joints are normal. In both patients, extensive evaluations had been made to determine the cause of the persistent illness before this distinctive syndrome, related to the bowel bypass surgical procedure, was recognized. These two cases are also illustrative of the two therapeutic approaches that may be of value: administration of antibiotics, esecially metronidazole, or reconstitution of the normal bowel anatomy. The relationship of this syndrome to the arthritis associated with bowel bypass and to bypass enteropathy is discussed.
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PMID:Bowel bypass syndrome. 45 91

The morphology of antibiotic-associated enterocolitis in the hamster is described and compared with human antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. It is shown to be a caecal disease with proliferative mucosal changes and in this respect unlike the human counterpart. The bacteriology and toxicology, however, are identical. In addition, mucosal changes are described in animals on antibiotics but without established enterocolitis. As a result we suggest that there may be a spectrum of human disease ranging from mild antibiotic-associated diarrhoea to established pseudomembranous colitis. Therefore, despite the morphological variation, the hamster remains a good model for investigating the pathogenesis of pseudomembranous colitis and antibiotic-associated enteropathy in general.
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PMID:Morphology of experimental antibiotic-associated enterocolitis in the hamster: a model for human pseudomembranous colitis and antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. 46 72

The tetracycline class of antibiotics is infrequently used in clinical pediatrics due to its side effects: they include anorexia, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Hypersensitivity, a photosensibility reaction and a brownish discoloration of teeth is less frequently, a pseudotumor cerebri is rarely seen. Once therapeutic plasma levels are exceeded however, either by overdosage or decreased renal or hepatic clearance of the drug, serious complications like a secondary Fanconi-Syndrom or a nephrogenic diabetes insipidus can occur. The increased toxicity of tetracyclines in pregnant women is well known. We would like to report a fatal case, where serious complications like a secondary Fanconi-Syndrom, toxic degeneration of the liver, a clinically undected pancreatitis and a protein loosing enteropathy are though to be either direct consequences of tetracycline overdosage or the indirect effect of a shocklike syndrom by means of a nonoliguric renal failure induced by tetracycline.
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PMID:[Tetracyclin intoxication versus idiopathic pancreatitis: report of a case with multiple organ involvement (author's transl)]. 47 25

We evaluted measurement of urinary 4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid as a potential screening method for small-bowel disease and bacterial overgrowth syndromes in 360 unselected acutely ill infants and children. Control data were obtained on 120 healthy children, ages 1.5 to 15 years, from a general medical practice, 48 healthy infants, ages one to five years, from local day nurseries, and 150 healthy babies, ages less than one to eight days. Comparative data were from 300 acutely ill hospitalized babies and children, ranging in age from less than one day to 15 years and without clinical evidence for small-bowel disease and bacterial overgrowth syndrome. No false-negative results and only 2% false-positive results were observed. Among the 10 patients whose urinary excretion of the analyte was considered to be abnormal were patients with Giardia lamblia infestation, ileal resection with blind loop, and other diseases of the small intestine associated with bacterial overgrowth. We conclude that measurement of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid excretion is useful in screening for such diseases.
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PMID:Measurement of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic aciduria as a screening test for small-bowel disease. 47 29

The spectrum and incidence of liver disease is described among a large series of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The incidence of significant liver disease identified by the presence of serial biochemical abnormalities of liver function was 8.2 per cent. Transient peri-operative changes in liver function tests are common and usually relate to underlying intra-abdominal sepsis. Percholangitis, sometimes termed portal triaditis, is one of the commoner lesions, and is usually associated with extensive colitis and improves with resection of the underlying bowel disease. Cirrhosis of the liver is an important but uncommon complication and is usually associated with extensive long-standing disease. Stenosing cholangitis and biliary tract carcinoma are both important though rare associations. They are both associated with extensive disease of long-standing, but resection of the underlying inflammatory bowel disease does not necessarily protect the individual from these complications. Although stenosing cholangitis is a diffuse lesion of the biliary tree it is important to exclude strictures of the extra-hepatic biliary tree which may be amenable to surgical correction. Hepatic dysfunction is rarely the sole indication for advising surgery for the underlying bowel disease but the identification of the nature of the hepati- dysfunction provides a rational basis for such a decision and opportunities for the surgical correction of the hepatic lesion itself.
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PMID:The spectrum of hepatic dysfunction in inflammatory bowel disease. 48 86

A case report of subacute, reversible ischemic colitis associated with use of oral contraceptives (OCs) is reported. A 19-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with chief complaints of abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding of 2 days' duration. Past medical history and family history were noncontributory. The patient was receiving no medication other than Norinyl 2 (2 mg of norethindrone and .1 mg of mestranol), which she had been taking for 6 months. 2 days before admission the patient had taken 100 mg of dimenhydrinate and 2 ExLax tablets (90 mg of phenolphthalein) for constipation. Colonic roentgenograms revealed impaired mesenteric circulation and bowel ischemia; OC-induced ischemic bowel disease was diagnosed. Patient symptoms subsided within 96 hours of discontinuing the OC and initiating supportive therapy (including intravenous fluid infusion, nasogastric suction, analgesics, and antiemetics). When a repeat barium enema was performed, it showed resolution of the ischemia. In a short review following the case report, these drugs were indicted in causation of colitis-like syndrome: amoxicillin, ampicillin, cephazolin, chloramphenicol, chlorpropamide, clindamycin, cloxacillin, cotrimoxasole, cyclophosphamide, digitalis, ergotamine tartrate, flucytosine, fluorouracil, gold salts, laxative and cathartic abuse, mercurous chloride, methyldopa, penicillin V, and tetracycline. Ischemic bowel disease secondary to OC use is a rare but important complication because of its significant morbidity and potential mortality, and because of the widespread use of the drugs. The case report emphasizes the need to consider the differential diagnosis of acute vascular insult with bowel ischemia when acute abdominal pain progressing to bloody diarrhea occurs in young women taking OCs.
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PMID:Oral contraceptive-induced ischemic bowel disease. 48 72

Detailed investigations of 9 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis are presented. In all cases cutaneous lesions were controlled by dapsone alone or by dapsone and gluten free diet. Granular IgA deposits were found in 7 patients, linear IgA deposits in one, and C3 component of complement in one. 3 patients out of 8 tested, carried the specific HLA-B8 antigen. Despite an extensive investigation, no malabsorption was detected. Jejunal biopsies were performed in 8 cases. Jejunal villous flattening was observed in one patient. It improved after a 2 months gluten free diet on subsequent jejunal biopsies. D. H. seems peculiar in France as compared with case reports from other countries: low prevalence of gluten sensitive enteropathy; rare occurrence of the specific HLA-B8 antigen; incidence of D. H. seems to be low in France. It is noticeable that french incidence of coeliac disease is low as well. This suggests a genetic difference in the investigated population (low prevalence of HLA-B8 antigen) and/or different alimentary habits, particularly a low dietary gluten amount.
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PMID:[Dermatitis herpetiformis (author's transl)]. 48 15

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect class-specific antibodies to wheat protein antigens. Antibodies which we detected by this technique reacted indistinguishably with antigens prepared from crude gluten, crude gliadin, alpha-gliadin, Frazer fraction III, and subfraction B and B3 of Frazer fraction III. No sera reacted with a human serum albumin control antigen. The prevalence of IgG antibodies to wheat protein antigens was significantly greater in patients with gluten sensitive enteropathy, 12 of 17, (p = .00011) and in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis, 5 of 14, (p = .046) than in normal control subjects. Strongly positive reactions for IgG antibodies were present only in patients with gluten sensitive enteropathy or dermatitis herpetiformis. IgA antibodies to wheat protein antigens were found only in gluten-sensitive enteropathy patients. We have found this to be a sensitive, precise technique for measurement of antibodies to wheat protein antigens and feel that it will prove useful in evaluation of the role of immune complexes involving wheat protein antigens and their antibodies in the pathogenesis of dermatitis herpetiformis.
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PMID:Wheat protein antibodies in dermatitis herpetiformis. 51 10

Nineteen infants suspected of having cow's milk protein-sensitive enteropathy were studied. They all showed failure to thrive, diarrhoea and/or vomiting when fed a diet of cow's milk, and improved when their diet was changed to casein hydrolysate. Jejunal biopsy was done before and 18--23 hours after a milk challenge. Of the 19 infants, 12 presented histological evidence of cow's milk protein intolerance. Eight suffered from vomiting and diarrhoea within 9 days of the milk challenge, but in 4 cases the histological abnormalities were not accompanied by clinical symptoms. In one case a chicken meat intolerance was documented. The histological appearance of the intestinal mucosa after chicken challenge was identical to that observed after milk challenge. In our opinion, repeated intestinal biopsies before and after an acute challenge is the best method to establish the diagnosis not only of cow's milk protein intolerance but also of intolerance to other alimentary proteins.
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PMID:Cow's milk protein-sensitive enteropathy. Clinical and histological results of the cow's milk provocation test. 52 Dec 97


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