Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0021831 (enteropathy)
 4,403 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Shigellae and dysentery-like Escherichia coli must invade the epithelium of the colon to cause disease which can present as dysentery, diarrhea, or both. This paper addresses the possible role of a Shigella dysenteriae-like (Shiga-like) toxin in the pathogenesis of shigellosis and E. coli diarrheal diseases. The possibility for such a role is suggested by the following observations: 1) diarrhea, considered to be a result of secretion of water by the small bowel, is frequently observed in shigellosis, a large bowel disease. 2) Even though shigellae do not invade the jejunum of monkeys fed Shigella flexneri, jejunal secretion is seen in animals with diarrhea. 3) The Shiga toxin of S. dysenteriae has enterotoxic activity and other serotypes of shigellae produce Shiga-like toxins. 4) E. coli 015 RDEC-1 causes a diarrheal disease and frequently death in young rabbits. This organism neither produces E. coli enterotoxins nor is it invasive, but it may produce low levels of a Shiga-like toxin.
 ...
PMID:Shigellosis and Escherichia coli diarrhea: relative importance of invasive and toxigenic mechanisms. 10 15

An acrodermatitis enteropathica-like syndrome occurred as a result of severe bowel disease and the use of zinc-deficient hyperalimentation regimens. Emphasis is placed on early and adequate zinc replacement to effectively prevent or reverse this entity.
 ...
PMID:The acrodermatitis enteropathica-like syndrome. 10 49

Severe hypo-albuminemia associated with a decrease in P.B.I., gamma-globulins and plasmatic ceruloplasmin occurred in a 2 1/2 year old girl with chronic pericarditis since the age of 8 months. This was related to a protein-losing enteropathy which was confirmed by histological examination. Venous hypertension, secondary to the chronic pericarditis may explain the enteropathy.
 ...
PMID:[Protein-losing enteropathy during chronic liquid pericarditis]. 13 24

A patient with Down's syndrome (DS) with multiple autoimmune phenomena is described. She suffered from hypothroidism, a celiac-like enteropathy and hemolytic anemia, and displayed cellular immunity directed against peripheral nerve antigen and basic myeloprotein and serum autoantibodies to many other tissue antigens. Her mother did not suffer from any overt autoimmune disease, but similar autoantibodies were found in her serum. It is suggested that DS resembles other autoimmune diseases, especially that which occurs in the NZB mice. The resemblance is based on the assumption that in both cases genetic and/or viral factors cause T-cell dysfunction which leads on the one hand to increased susceptibility to infections and leukemias, to autoimmune phenomena and to depressed cellular immunity, and on the other hand to increased B--cell reactivity.
 ...
PMID:Down's syndrome and autoimmunity. 13 24

A 67-year-old man had actinomycosis with primary involvement of the abdominal wall, which is rare. His chief complaint was an enlarging, hard, nontender mass in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. The mass had been present for two weeks and measured 11 X 8 cm. An x-ray film of the chest, barium studies of the gastrointestinal tract, and an intravenous pyelogram showed no abnormalities. Excisional biopsy was performed, and the findings were consistent with Actinomyces israelii infection. There was no evidence of underlying bowel disease or break in continuity of the mucous membrane. The patient responded well to a three-month course of penicillin therapy.
 ...
PMID:Case report: primary actinomycosis of external oblique muscle. 14 52

Small bowel contrast examinations by an intubation method were carried out in our hundred patients suspected of having small bowel disease. The method described by Sellink was used and the time and expenditure for carrying out the procedure was monitored. The effect of changes in the method on side effects and quality of the results were observed. Although the technique requires rather more time and effort, the side effects are minimal once it has been properly worked out and there are definite diagnostic gains compared with conventional methods of investigating the small bowel. The increased information available justifies the use of the intubation technique not only for selected problems, but as the primary method of examination of the small bowel.
 ...
PMID:[Investigation of the small bowel using an intubation method (author's transl)]. 15 72

The authors report two cases of exsudative enteropathy characterised by the existence of oedema of the lower limbs associated with hypoproteinemia and marked lymphopenia with disturbances of the P.V.P. test. In both cases lymphography demonstrated major abnormalities with obvious obstruction in one case, and signs of slowing of lymph flow with appearances of dysplasia in the other. Surgery permitted us in one case, to discover a calcified lymph node probably due to tuberculosis. The etiology of these cases is discussed and seems to be mainly related to abnormalities of the lymphatic system. A low fat diet and administration of medium-chain triglycerides, gave an undoubted improvement when the treatment was followed by the patient. These two cases illustrate well the difficult diagnostic and therapeutic problems sometimes raised by syndromes of exsudative enteropathy, in particular owing to the many possible causes.
 ...
PMID:[Diagnostic and therapeutic problems posed by 2 cases of exudative enteropathy]. 16 43

The diagnostic value of angiography was studied in 116 patients with Crohn's disease. Angiograms showed abnormalities in over 90% of the cases. Many angiographic features were nonspecific; only the "zoning sign" and the presence of paraintestinal mesenteric neovasculature were considered diagnostic. Crohn's colitis could be distinguished from ulcerative colitis in only 30% of the cases. Angiography, as a diagnostic adjunct to barium studies, will reveal the presence of lesions and their extent. This is particularly important in suspected postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease. Angiography is a potential differential diagnostic aid in doubtful cases of inflammatory and malignant bowel disease.
 ...
PMID:Angiography in Crohn's disease revisited. 17 37

In all diseases where there is an important loss of lymph, e.g. chylothorax, chyloperitoneum, exsudative enteropathy chyloduodenal fistula, we observed not only a fall in the serum proteins and calcium, but also a fall in lipids and cholesterol. We first carried out ligature of the lymphatic ducts in numerous dogs. Since 1966, we have carried out this ligature in 550 arteriosclerotic patients, aged less than 52 years. The metabolic changes observed over a period of 9 years were very marked. Clinically, in 100 patients who underwent classical reconstructive arterial surgery, the association of ligature of the lymphatic ducts reduced by half, after a period of 6 years, the complications normally observed.
 ...
PMID:[Ligation of lymphatic ducts in treatment of arteriosclerosis. 550 operated cases reported over a period of 9 years]. 18 46

The practical approach to the investigation of diarrhea must be logical and based on anatomic considerations. The site of the underlying disorder may be determined by the clinical picture, and the logic of investigation will be influenced by the history. Important specific investigation in a case of colonic diarrhea include a careful rectal examination, stool inspection, sigmoidoscopy, rectal biopsy and barium enema study. Colonoscopy has been used, but its role has yet to be defined. In a case of small-bowel steatorrhea or diarrhea quantitative chemical estimation of the daily output of stool fat is useful, and to this investigation is added a small-bowel radiograph series and, if the radiographic findings are abnormal, small-bowel biopsy. Other investigations for small-bowel disease may include the breath test with carbon-14-labelled glycocholic acid, the lactose tolerance test, duodenal aspiration for giardiasis, analysis of serum immunoglobulins and, on occasion, isolation of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide hormone (which may aid the diagnosis of functioning tumours of the pancreas or small bowel). Investigations for pancreatic steatorrhea include abdominal radiography, performance of the secretin test and testing of the response to pancreatic replacement therapy. In some patients it may be useful to use endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography to differentiate pancreatic carcinoma and chronic pancreatitis.
 ...
PMID:Symposium on diarrhea. 3. Investigation of chronic diarrhea. 19 Nov 73


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>