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Query: UMLS:C0021831 (enteropathy)
 4,403 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a review of a large number of patients with inflammatory bowel disease, leukemia was observed in five patients with chronic ulcerative colitis and in two patients with Crohn's disease. In ulcerative colitis patients, there were three cases of acute myelocytic leukemia and one case each of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic granulocytic leukemia. In Crohn's disease patients, there was one case each of chronic granulocytic leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated with thrombocythemia. Sixteen other cases of leukemia have been reported to date in inflammatory bowel disease. All types of leukemia, but particularly acute myelocytic leukemia, have been described. There has been no single common feature as to type (whether ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease), extent and course, or medical and surgical treatment of the bowel disease. The relative risk of leukemia in patients with ulcerative colitis was 5.3 [95% confidence interval 1.7 to 12.3 (P less than 0.01)] and of acute myelocytic leukemia 11.4 [95% confidence interval 2.3 to 24.9 (P less than 0.01)]. Our data on patients with Crohn's disease were not sufficient to assess the statistical significance of leukemia in this disease. This study suggests that there may be an increased risk of leukemia, particularly acute myelocytic leukemia, in ulcerative colitis. The causal relationship, if any, remains undetermined.
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PMID:Inflammatory bowel disease and leukemia. A report of seven cases of leukemia in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease and review of the literature. 346 95

Case reports and controlled studies show a definite relationship between the use of oral contraceptives and chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Based on a review of the literature, the clinical, radiological and endoscopic features of bowel disease associated with the use of oral contraceptives are described and the pathogenesis is discussed. The use of contraceptives should be inquired into in any women presenting with chronic enteritis or colitis, since this could be of decisive prognostic and therapeutic importance.
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PMID:[Inflammatory bowel disease and hormonal contraception]. 352 Aug 12

Indium-111 leukocyte scanning of the abdomen (IAS) was performed in 10 patients with ulcerative colitis and in 39 patients with Crohn's disease involving the small intestine (in 25 occasions) and/or the colon (17 cases). Radionuclide uptake by the gut was seen in 84% of the patients with active inflammation. We compared the extent of the disease displayed by IAS with the findings obtained by either radiological or endoscopic studies or at surgery. In two-thirds of the patients, the IAS gave an accurate evaluation of the extent of the disease (sensitivity 68%). False-positive IASs were not seen in small bowel disease (specificity 100%), but were observed on 4 occasions on the colon (specificity 86%). The intensity of the radionuclide uptake could not be correlated with the clinical activity of the disease as evaluated by the Crohn's disease activity index. These results suggest that IAS is not superior to the standard procedures used to detect and localize inflammatory bowel disease and that IAS cannot replace these techniques. However, the simplicity of IAS and the complete lack of complications associated with its use render it useful in the evaluation of the extent and distribution of inflammation in some patients, mainly those with severe disease in whom standard diagnostic procedures would be contraindicated.
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PMID:Indium-111 leukocyte scanning of the abdomen. Analysis of its value for diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease. 365 75

The records of 102 children with inflammatory bowel disease (44 with ulcerative colitis, 58 with Crohn's disease) were reviewed for evidence of joint disease unassociated with erythema nodosum. Thirteen children had arthritis, four had ulcerative colitis, and nine had Crohn's disease. Arthritis tended to be pauciarticular; ankles, knees, elbows and hips were most commonly affected. In three patients arthritis preceded bowel symptoms, in two the onset of arthritis and bowel disease was concurrent, and in eight arthritis appeared after the onset of bowel symptoms. The relationship between arthritis and specific features reflecting activity and severity of the bowel disease was examined in detail. Twenty-one attacks of arthritis, ranging in duration from two days to 12 weeks (mean, 31 days) were documented. Thirteen attacks occurred when the bowel disease was symptomatic; nine occurred within one month of a flare of the bowel disease. Most exacerbations of bowel disease in patients who had arthritis were unaccompanied by joint complaints. None of the features reflecting activity or severity of the bowel disease was more common in patients with arthritis than in those without arthritis.
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PMID:Arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease in children. Relationship of joint disease to activity and severity of bowel lesion. 369 65

Plasma concentrations of peptide YY (PYY), a newly isolated peptide produced by ileal and colonic endocrine cells, were measured in several groups of patients with digestive disorders after a standardized normal breakfast. Peptide YY levels were found to be grossly elevated in patients with steatorrhea due to small intestinal mucosal atrophy (tropical sprue). Basal levels in these patients were 79 +/- 18 pM, which was nearly 10-fold higher than those seen in healthy controls (8.5 +/- 0.8 pM). Patients with steatorrhea due to chronic destructive pancreatitis also had substantially increased basal PYY levels (47.5 +/- 6.3 pM), and their postprandial response was also greater than that of normal subjects. Moderately elevated plasma PYY concentrations were seen in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and patients recovering from acute infective diarrhea. In contrast, patients with diverticular disease, duodenal ulcer, and functional bowel disease had normal PYY responses. These changes in the secretion of PYY responses. These changes in the secretion, may shed light on the physiologic role of this newly discovered peptide and on intestinal adaptation to common digestive disorders.
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PMID:Peptide YY abnormalities in gastrointestinal diseases. 375 94

Using radioimmunoassay, we measured the levels of the C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (pColl-I-C) in sera from 69 children with functional bowel disease (control population), 18 children with ulcerative colitis, and 35 children with Crohn disease. Sexually mature fully grown adolescents from all three patient groups had mean pColl-I-C concentrations (12.0 +/- 0.8 micrograms/dl) similar to those previously reported for adults (5 to 17 micrograms/dl). Children with functional bowel disease and normal growth had significantly higher concentrations (32.8 +/- 1.7 micrograms/dl) (P less than 0.001) than did the fully grown adolescents. In patients with inflammatory bowel disease a significant relationship between growth velocity and pColl-I-C concentrations was noted (P less than .001). Lower pColl-I-C concentrations were found in patients receiving daily prednisone therapy compared with those receiving alternate-day therapy (P less than 0.01) or those not taking the drug (P less than 0.01). These data suggest that pColl-I-C concentrations reflect growth activity in children. Repeated determinations may allow rapid assessment of the effects of various therapeutic modalities on growth in children with inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:Type 1 procollagen as a biochemical marker of growth in children with inflammatory bowel disease. 376 Oct 75

The results of indium-111 tropolonate leucocyte scintigraphy in 105 patients with known inflammatory bowel disease are reviewed. Scintigraphy is as sensitive as radiology in detecting and assessing the extent of active colonic disease, and probably more sensitive in assessing small bowel disease. In a further 40 patients scintigraphy was successfully used as a screening test to identify, or exclude, bowel inflammation in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. Scintigraphy has advantages over barium studies, being safe, non-invasive, more sensitive than small bowel radiology and giving additional information such as the bowel identification of intra-abdominal abscesses. The time required to label the leucocytes (about 2 hours) and the higher unit cost, unless many scintigrams are performed, are disadvantages.
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PMID:Indium-111 leucocyte scintigraphy in the investigation and management of inflammatory bowel disease. 377 75

Parameters in the differential diagnosis of enterocolitis have been poorly evident for many years. Development and profitable employment of endoscopic instruments were the first step towards advancing the diagnostic facilities in inflammatory bowel disease. The microbiologic examination of mucosal biopsies creates a new diagnostic dimension, and it distinctly seems to increase the diagnostic sensitivity for pathogens. Within fifteen months 152 patients admitted to the gastroenterologic unit with acute, or symptoms of exacerbated, bowel disease were examined for the aetiologic agents. Compared with former reports, idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IIBD) such as Crohn's disease (32.2%) and ulcerative colitis (18.4%) were decreased. Infectious colitis (22.3%), mostly Campylobacter or Yersinia infections, was, sometimes exclusively, diagnosed by bioptic microbiology, non-classifiable forms of colitis (21.7%), and rare forms (5.4%) were diagnosed more often. It proved to be important that IIBD was frequently superinfected by Campylobacter, Yersinia and Chlamydia, and the differential diagnosis was complicated, since these microorganisms can mimic IIBD. The results suggest that coloileoscopy combined with bioptic microbiologic investigation additional to faecal samples should include a search for Campylobacter and Yersinia. It appears indispensable that the final diagnosis "Crohn's disease" or "ulcerative colitis" should be confirmed by sequential coloileoscopy and microbiologic examination.
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PMID:Bioptic microbiology in the differential diagnosis of enterocolitis. 378 May 83

We have been able to isolate mycobacteria from intestinal specimens obtained by surgical resection or endoscopic biopsy from patients with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and noninflammatory bowel diseases. Nineteen slow-growing (Runyon groups I and III) and 17 rapid-growing (Runyon group IV) mycobacterial isolates were obtained. Slow-growing mycobacteria were recovered from approximately one-third of intestinal biopsy specimens from Crohn's disease, one-quarter of ulcerative colitis biopsies, and 40% of biopsies from noninflammatory bowel disease patients. Isolates were most commonly members of the Mycobacterium avium-complex. One isolate (from an ulcerative colitis patient) was biochemically similar to the Mycobacterium strain previously associated with Crohn's disease, and one from a Crohn's disease patient was Mycobacterium kansasii. The rapid-growing organisms were members of the Mycobacterium fortuitum-complex. In addition to conventional mycobacteria, spheroplasts (cell wall-defective forms) were isolated from 12 patients with Crohn's disease (most often from surgically resected colon) and 3 patients with ulcerative colitis; none were isolated from non-inflammatory bowel disease patients. We have been unable to identify a consistent relationship between the presence, or the species, of Mycobacterium and Crohn's disease. Our results do not support the proposed role of a specific mycobacterium in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. The cause of Crohn's disease remains unclear.
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PMID:Mycobacteria and inflammatory bowel disease. Results of culture. 379 80

Food allergy in childhood is a popular subject which has attracted disapprobation from certain quarters because of overinflated claims based on flimsy evidence. In this article food intolerance and allergy are defined and the pathogenesis of food allergic reactions is considered. There is a description of the role that food allergy may play in urticaria, angioedema, anaphylaxis, eczema, asthma, rhinitis, cow's milk sensitive enteropathy, infantile colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, migraine and hyperactivity. Factitious food allergy is discussed and the general unhelpfulness of 'allergy testing' commented upon. Finally there is a description of the use of various exclusion diets in the diagnosis and treatment of food allergic disorders. It is concluded that food allergy is important in an increasing number of childhood diseases, but it is not clear what proportion of children with a given condition will respond to dietary measures. The importance of ensuring that exclusion diets are nutritionally adequate is stressed, and there is a plea to remember that an exclusion diet might be worse than the disease itself.
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PMID:Food allergy in childhood. 390 3


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