Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0021390 (inflammatory bowel disease)
 23,302 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Specimens of mucosal tissue of the small and large bowel obtained either by a colonoscope or during surgical operations were investigated quantitatively for their bacterial flora. A detailed prescription of the methodology using an anaerobic chamber is given. Most of the mucosal specimens of the small intestine as well as all the specimens of the large intestine contained bacteria (about 10(4) germs/g). Predominantly, Bacteroides, gram-positive rods, and cocci were isolated. In contrast to the gut lumen flora anaerobic bacteria of the mucosal flora did not outnumber the aerobes. In patients with inflammatory bowel disease or with carcinoma of the colon the mucosal flora showed no demonstrable alterations even after undergoing a sulphonamide therapy.
 ...
PMID:Some studies of the bacterial flora associated with the mucosa of the human gastrointestinal tract. 649 20

The mononuclear cell system in the human gut wall of patients with Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and normal controls was studied, with special reference to the so called antigen presenting veiled cells. These cells have already extensively been studied in the skin and are known as Langerhans' cells in the epidermis and dermis, veiled cells in the skin lymph and interdigitating cells in lymph nodes. Recently they were also found in gut associated lymphoid tissue, i.e. Peyer's patches of the rat. Here we describe the presence of similar cells in chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (CIBD). They resemble veiled cells in moving pattern, strong Ia positivity, no or only weak acid phosphatase activity, and ultrastructure. However, many of the described cells combine these characteristics with those of phagocytic macrophages. In the gut wall of controls veiled cells were virtually absent and phagocytic macrophages were almost exclusively recognized. These findings suggest that more intensive antigen handling takes place in the gut wall of CIBD patients than in normal gut. Clear cut associations with sex, age, duration or activity of disease were not observed in this limited study, and the exact significance of the presence of such cells needs further clarification.
 ...
PMID:Veiled cells in chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease. 658 29

Interleukin 2, a soluble product of activated T lymphocytes, is of central importance in the development of an appropriate T-cell immune response. Defects in the production of or response to this lymphokine have been described in a variety of immune deficiency and autoimmune states, thus suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of such disorders. To investigate potential abnormalities of interleukin 2 in inflammatory bowel disease, we measured its activity in cultures of intestinal mucosa mononuclear cells derived from Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients. Lamina propria mononuclear cells from inflamed and control tissues were incubated with phorbol myristate acetate, and the amount of the lymphokine in the supernatants was quantitated in a biological assay using cloned, interleukin 2-dependent, cytotoxic mouse T-cell lines. We found that, in culture supernatants of cells from both forms of inflammatory bowel disease, interleukin 2 levels were significantly lower than those detected in cultures containing cells from histologically normal mucosa. Low levels were not correlated to duration, clinical activity, and anatomical location of the disease process or corticosteriod therapy. Deficient activity of this essential growth factor could contribute to abnormal T-cell proliferation and clonal expansion at the gut mucosal level, perhaps inducing a defective immune response leading to a chronic inflammatory reaction in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
 ...
PMID:Interleukin 2 activity of human intestinal mucosa mononuclear cells. Decreased levels in inflammatory bowel disease. 660 60

Lysozyme levels were determined in the mucosa of gut in 80 children with chronic inflammatory bowel disease, malabsorption and acrodermatitis enteropathica.l Levels of lysozyme in the mucosa of colon were found to be significantly higher in cases with chronic inflammatory bowel disease, whereas in children with malabsorption (celiac disease) concentration of lysozyme in the mucosa of small intestine were significantly lower compared to a control group. In a 4 months old boy with acrodermatitis enteropathica there was a low level of lysozyme in the mucosa of the small intestine. After therapy with zinc for one year concentration of lysozyme was normalized.
 ...
PMID:[Lysozyme concentrations in the intestinal mucosa in malabsorption syndromes and chronic inflammatory intestinal diseases]. 669 40

Marked endotoxaemia was found in 12 patients suffering from severe relapse of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. These patients did not respond satisfactorily to conservative treatment. Whole gut irrigation was employed to reduce drastically the absorbable endotoxin pool in the gut. Following the lavage the condition of all the patients thus treated improved. Plasma endotoxins dropped rapidly, serum iron increased, and in 7 febrile patients body temperature normalized. The results obtained suggest a beneficial use of whole gut irrigation as a therapeutic means in endotoxaemia associated with inflammatory bowel disease.
 ...
PMID:Whole-gut irrigation as antiendotoxinaemic therapy in inflammatory bowel disease. 672 1

Analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes from 44 patients with Crohn's disease showed no difference in the proportions of T- and B-cells from those in 38 healthy controls. Analysis revealed no disturbances in relation to duration or to activity of disease or to drug treatment. Lymphocytes from 18 patients with rheumatoid arthritis also showed normal proportions of T- and B-cells. Lymphocytes taken from gut lymph nodes were studied in five patients with Crohn's disease. On comparison with peripheral blood lymphocytes, significantly decreased proportions of T-cells and significantly increased proportions of B-cells were found in lymph nodes draining areas of diseased bowel. No differences were seen in the proportions of T- and B-cells from lymph nodes taken from apparently healthy bowel of the Crohn's patients and of four control subjects without inflammatory bowel disease, though these were different from those in the peripheral blood in both the Crohn's patients and control subjects.
 ...
PMID:Peripheral blood and mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes in Crohn's disease. 696 4

To determine whether a defective proliferation of gut mucosal lymphocytes is a contributory factor to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease, we assessed their reactivity toward mitogens and bacterial antigens. Spontaneous replication of intestinal lymphoid cells was higher than that of patient-matched peripheral blood lymphocytes. That gut mucosal lymphocytes appear to be activated in loco was confirmed by a striking, time-dependent increase in the number of stable E rosettes generated by culturing unstimulated Crohn's disease intestinal lymphoid cells. The responses of lymphocytes from inflamed and normal mucosa to polyclonal mitogens were not only comparable to each other, but to those of corresponding peripheral lymphocytes, as well. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with Crohn's disease showed less proliferation to Bacteroides and lipopolysaccharide antigens than did those from control individuals, but replicated similarly in response to Staphylococcus aureus and the enterobacterial common antigen: In contrast, when cultured with Staphylococcus aureus or with lipopolysaccharides, but mucosal lymphocytes from Crohn's disease proliferated 3-5 times more than did those from normal mucosa, while lymphoid cells from both sources were equally stimulated by Kunin antigen. Overall, this study found no evidence for a defective proliferative capacity of immune competent cells at the gut mucosal level in inflammatory bowel disease.
 ...
PMID:Studies on isolated gut mucosal lymphocytes in inflammatory bowel disease. Detection of activated T cells and enhanced proliferation to Staphylococcus aureus and lipopolysaccharides. 697 54

The source of bleeding from the rectum is extremely difficult to specify in many patients with moderate to severe bleeding. Lesions may be located anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract. On the basis of the available literature and reported clinical data, we conclude that moderate to severe rectal bleeding originates from the upper gut in up to 10% of patients, from the small bowel in up to 5%, and from the colon in the remaining 85%. Diverticulosis and vascular dysplasia account for 30-50% of colonic bleeding, and inflammatory bowel disease and ischemic colitis for another 5-15%. No diagnosis is made in 20-30% of patients with moderate to severe rectal bleeding. Patients with rectal bleeding can be classified as those whose bleeding stops spontaneously, those whose bleeding stops and then recurs, and those whose bleeding continues despite conventional treatment. Based on these classifications, we present an approach to the diagnosis and therapy of rectal bleeding.
 ...
PMID:A current approach to rectal bleeding. 697 85

The infant acquires immunological competence in the neonatal period through the passage of antigens from the enteric lumen through gut-associated lymphoid tissues, principally the Peyer's patches and the appendix. Immune deficient mechanisms may be involved in several gastrointestinal diseases manifesting in the neonatal period as well as throughout childhood. Principally among these are neonatal necrotising enterocolitis, atopy and food intolerances, coeliac disease, cow's milk protein intolerance, diarrhoea associated with hypogammaglobulinaemia, malnutrition and inflammatory bowel disease. The mechanism whereby immune reactions are involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases is discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Immunopathology of the digestive apparatus in infancy]. 698 1

We have described a boy with a juvenile spondyloarthropathy who also showed inflammatory changes in the gut. Gastrointestinal symptoms initially indicated the presence of an inflammatory bowel disease, but this was excluded histopathologically.
 ...
PMID:Teenager with an irritable hip, anaemia and malaise. 749 39


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>