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Query: UMLS:C0021390 (inflammatory bowel disease)
 23,302 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease was the diagnosis for 58 dogs and 26 cats, with signs of persistent gastroenteritis, failed responses to dietary trials, and histologic evidence of cellular infiltrates unrelated to other causes of gastrointestinal tract inflammation. Clinical signs of large intestinal dysfunction, watery diarrhea, vomiting, and anorexia with weight loss were common. Nonspecific hematologic, biochemical, and radiographic abnormalities frequently were observed. Mucosal biopsy specimens, obtained endoscopically, were histologically evaluated for severity of mucosal epithelial damage. Mucosal erythema, friability, enhanced granularity, and ulceration or erosion were the predominant endoscopic lesions. Inflammatory bowel disease lesions of moderate severity predominated in the stomach, duodenum, and colon. Lymphocytic/plasmacytic infiltrates were limited to the lamina propria in biopsy specimens from all regions of the gastrointestinal tract. Inflammatory bowel disease commonly is associated with chronic gastroenteritis in dogs and cats.
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PMID:Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease in dogs and cats: 84 cases (1987-1990). 128 45

To determine the incidence of gastric emptying abnormalities in children with inflammatory bowel disease, we performed dual liquid/solid-emptying studies on 25 children with ulcerative colitis (UC) and on 45 with Crohn's disease (CD) over a 6-yr period. Nutritional parameters were evaluated initially and at the time of repeat study in those with abnormal emptying after a period of nutritional rehabilitation. All UC patients and 30 of 45 with CD (67%) had normal emptying of both liquid and solid components of the meal. Fifteen children with CD had delayed emptying of the solid liquid. Fourteen of these had preceding weight loss and one had no weight gain for 3 months prior to the study. Twelve complained of upper gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, early satiety, postprandial epigastric pain, and anorexia), and five had evidence of growth retardation. The group averaged 4.8 abnormal nutritional parameters, compared with an average of 2.2 in those with CD and normal gastric emptying. Twelve of the 15 with abnormal emptying had abnormal gastric and/or duodenal biopsies: 10 were treated with sulfasalazine and prednisone, whereas five were taking only sulfasalazine. Studies repeated 6-15 months later after establishment of weight gain by caloric supplementation showed significant improvements in gastric emptying, nutritional status, and disease activity for the group, despite persistence of upper gastrointestinal disease documented in eight patients who underwent reexamination.
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PMID:Gastric emptying in childhood inflammatory bowel disease: nutritional and pathologic correlates. 151 72

Chronic undernutrition and high-dose daily corticosteroid therapy are well-accepted causes of growth failure in children with inflammatory bowel disease. Occasionally, children are seen with minimal gastrointestinal symptoms but in whom severe anorexia and profound growth impairment are evident. Recent observations that elevated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) in cachexia associated with a number of disease states have suggested a similar possible role in inflammatory bowel disease. Accordingly, we determined TNF levels in 45 children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (18 ulcerative colitis, 27 Crohn's disease) at varying times during their clinical course and compared them to values obtained from a group of 25 children with functional bowel disease. No differences were noted in serum TNF levels between the children with inflammatory bowel disease and the control population. Values were generally within the range of the lower limit of detection of the assay. In the children with inflammatory bowel disease, there was no significant correlation between TNF levels and disease activity or growth parameters. Our observations suggest that elevated TNF levels are not associated with inflammatory bowel disease in children.
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PMID:Tumor necrosis factor-alpha is not elevated in children with inflammatory bowel disease. 205 Dec 74

The aetiology of chronic idiopathic intestinal inflammation is unknown. It is characterized by a diffuse infiltration with inflammatory cells into the intestinal mucosa and sometimes submucosa. Cats with chronic intermittent vomiting and diarrhoea, later on accompanied by anorexia and weight loss, are presented. Definitive diagnosis can be obtained by intestinal biopsy only. An immune pathogenesis is suspected, which is supported by the fact, that chronic inflammatory bowel disease responds to steroid therapy.
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PMID:[Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases in cats]. 276 92

93 children and adolescents with Crohn's disease have been studied. Terminal ileum (25.8%) and ileum and colon (61.3%) were the most common sites of involvement as determined by X-ray examination. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 13.2 years. A familial incidence of chronic inflammatory bowel disease was found in 12 patients (12.9%). The most common symptoms were: abdominal pain, anorexia, lassitude, diarrhea, loss of weight. Weight below the third percentile, pain on abdominal palpation, anal lesions, mouth ulcers and clubbing of the fingers were the most common clinical signs at the time of diagnosis. Growth retardation (below the third percentile) was present in 22 of 79 children (27.8%) with a mean follow-up of 40 months. 16 patients out of 75 had initial rectal biopsies with histologic changes characteristic of Crohn's disease. 27 patients had surgical treatment; six of them experienced a relapse within a mean period of 26.7 months. Lastly, the authors show that continuous elemental enteral alimentation (CEEA) during 3 weeks induces a remission. CEEA on a longer period is specially targetted to the treatment of growth retardation.
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PMID:[Crohn's disease in children and adolescents]. 286 58

A 15-yr-old, Arabic male presented with painful, recurrent, self-resolving oral and genital ulcers, erythema nodosum and uveitis. Behcet's disease was diagnosed. A few months later, he experienced anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss. Although all routine laboratory and radiologic investigations were negative, colonoscopy revealed the presence of serpiginous ulcers with pseudopolyps and inflamed intervening mucosa in the proximal half of the colon. Therapy with oral steroids was helpful, but the disease exacerbated a few months after prednisone was discontinued. Repeat evaluation showed similar endoscopic findings and, on colonic biopsy, noncaseating granulomas compatible with Crohn's disease were seen. Again, the patient responded well to oral steroids and sulfasalazine. We believe that gastrointestinal involvement in our patient is compatible with Crohn's disease and that screening tests to rule out chronic inflammatory bowel disease should be performed in the presence of gastrointestinal involvement in Behcet's disease. Behcet's disease may be a part of the spectrum of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:A case of Behcet's disease with intestinal involvement due to Crohn's disease. 291 92

Campylobacter fetus subspecies jejuni was isolated fom the feces of 63 (3.2%) of the 1,953 patients who had stools cultured at the Mayo Clinic in 1979. In contrast, Salmonella and Shigella combined were isolated from 31 (1.6%) patients. Two patients had double infections with Salmonella species and C. fetus subsp jejuni. Three patients had no diarrhea at the time of stool culture. One patient, who had chronic lymphocytic leukemia, had both blood and stool cultures positive for C. fetus subsp jejuni. There was a seasonal incidence that peaked in July when 7.8% of all patients who had stools cultured had C. fetus subsp jejuni isolated. Thirteen cases occurred in children 5 years of age and younger and 29 cases occurred between the ages of 15 and 30 years. Clinical features often included a prodrome of malaise, which preceded the onset of abdominal cramps, diarrhea, anorexia, fever, nausea, and vomiting. Grossly bloody diarrhea occurred in 33 patients, and massive intestinal bleeding occurred in 1 patient as a late complication after diarrhea had resolved. Transient splenomegaly was attributed to C. fetus subsp jejuni on one occasion. Proctoscopic findings may be similar to those seen in inflammatory bowel disease or pseudomembranous colitis. Three patients were referred to this institution with newly diagnosed chronic ulcerative colitis, and one patient was referred with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease. C. fetus subsp jejuni was isolated from their stools, and the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease was subsequently dropped. A selected review of cases illustrates the variety of gastrointestinal manifestations seen with this organism.
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PMID:Diarrhea due to Campylobacter fetus subspecies jejuni. A clinical review of 63 cases. 725 3

The ultrasonographic findings in a one-and-a-half-year-old female basenji with immunoproliferative enteropathy are described. On ultrasonographic examination, generalised thickening of the small bowel wall was found, ranging between 4 and 6 mm. The normal layered appearance of the intestinal wall was replaced by three distinct layers; an innermost enlarged hyperechogenic layer; an enlarged poor echogenic layer, and an outer hyperechogenic layer. These findings are consistent with the histopathological appearance of this particular chronic inflammatory bowel disease, since the inner layer probably represents the infiltrated mucosa, the middle layer the infiltrated lamina propria and the outer layer the serosa. Thus, the ultrasonographic finding of generalised thickening of the intestinal wall in a basenji presenting with chronic diarrhoea, weight loss, anorexia or vomiting is strongly indicative of immunoproliferative enteropathy.
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PMID:Ultrasonographic findings in a basenji with immuno-proliferative enteropathy. 772 94

Before or after their diagnosis, each of three patients with inflammatory bowel disease had an established eating disorder. Two had bulimia and one was presumed to have had anorexia/bulimia. In addition to the usual modes of weight control, such as vomiting and fasting, two of the patients, all of whom were lactose intolerant, used milk ingestion as a purgative.
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PMID:Eating disorders in inflammatory bowel disease. 842 37

The mechanism of anorexia in inflammatory bowel disease is poorly understood. To gain insight into possible pathophysiologic mechanisms, the feeding indices and food intake were studied in an animal model of Crohn's disease. The anorexia of indomethacin-induced ulcerative ileitis was compared with that of the well-known anorexia of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Forty-five female Lewis rats were randomized to four groups: Control, Indomethacin, Indomethacin + TPN, and TPN. Feeding indices and food intake were continuously measured using the Automated Computerized Rat Eater Meter. Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) were assayed in plasma, mononuclear cell culture, or ileum to determine their role in mediating anorexia. In the TPN group, spontaneous food intake (SFI) decreased (52%; p < 0.05), primarily via reduction in meal number (MN, 54%; p < 0.05) and, to a lesser extent, meal size (MZ, 35%; p < 0.05). In comparison, in the Indomethacin group SFI decreased (74%; p < 0.05) primarily via reduction in MZ (67%, p < 0.05); MN also decreased but to a lesser extent (27%; p < 0.05). In the Indomethacin + TPN group, SFI decreased (55%; p > 0.05) primarily via reduction in MN (79%; p < 0.05), whereas MZ decreased slightly (19%; p < 0.05). Only in the Indomethacin group were IL-1 alpha and TNF-alpha detected in the mononuclear cell culture and plasma, respectively. In the Indomethacin group, an inverse correlation existed between MZ and TNF-alpha (p < 0.05). In the Indomethacin group, IL-1 alpha, PGE2, and LTB4 concentrations did not correlate with feeding indices. SFI reduction in this model was mediated primarily via a decrease in MZ. TNF-alpha is proposed to mediate this effect and TPN was shown to overcome the effect on MZ.
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PMID:Mode of food intake reduction in Lewis rats with indomethacin-induced ulcerative ileitis. 884 Aug 95


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