Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021390 (inflammatory bowel disease)
 23,302 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eight patients over age 60 years had sudden onset of acute abdominal pain and rectal bleeding in the absence of prior inflammatory bowel disease. Several improved on medical therapy alone; those who required surgery suffered no recurrence up to 6 years. Although the pathologic specimens on these patients were first considered to represent ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, their histories and clinical courses are much more consistent with ischemic colitis. Since there are only a limited number of reactions that the bowel can muster against a host of damaging processes, histologic criteria alone are usually not sufficient to separate ischemic disease of the colon from ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. This is also true of radiographic features. Thus the diagnosis of ischemic colitis rests on clinical onset and course after treatment.
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PMID:Colitis in the elderly: ischemic colitis mimicking ulcerative and granulomatous colitis. 11 2

One-way mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC) were performed with peripheral blood lymphocytes of 21 patients with Crohn's disease (CD) not receiving salizylazosulphapyridine, steroids or azathioprine, seven patients with inflammatory bowel disease other than CD and ulcerative colitis, and 46 age- and sex-matched normal control subjects. The group of CD patients consisted of 11 patients with newly diagnosed, short-standing and so far untreated CD (group CD 1) and 10 patients previously treated with drugs and with mostly long-standing CD (group CD 2). Results showed that the MLC responsiveness was similar in all Crohn's disease groups, normal subjects and diseased controls. While there was no correlation between MLC responsiveness and either disease activity or disease duration when compared singly, those CD 2 patients who had highly active and/or very long-standing disease did exhibit a depressed MLC responsiveness as compared with that of normal subjects (p less than 0.001), CD 1 patients who had both inactive and short-standing disease (P less than 0.05), and diseased controls (0.1 greater than or equal to P greater than 0.05). The stimulatory capacity did not differ significantly between the CD groups and normal subjects or diseased controls; the latter, however, stimulated poorly compared with normal subjects (P less than 0.05). In accordance, an inverse relationship between the magnitude of the stimulatory capacity and the disease activity was found in the CD patients as a whole. These data suggest that there is no depression of the in vitro primary cell mediated immune response as a predisposing factor for CD or as an early event associated with the pathogenesis of CD.
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PMID:Immune status in Crohn's disease. 2. Originally unimpaired primary cell mediated immunity in vitro. 15 Mar 62

Several investigators have reported the presence of circulating immune complexes in serum from patients with Crohn's disease and chronic ulcerative colitis. Because previous assays employed conditions which might have caused immunoglobulin aggregates to form in vitro, thus falsely suggesting the presence of immune complexes in vivo, we tested inflammatory bowel disease sera for immune complexes using four assays designed to minimize in vitro immunoglobulin aggregation. In three assays immune complexes were not detectable, while in a fourth, the Clq precipitin test, positive reactions occurred. These precipitin reactions did not have characteristics of immune complexes. Our data suggest that circulating immune complexes are either not present in patients with inflammatory bowel disease or that they occur infrequently or in low concentration.
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PMID:Evidence against the presence of circulating immune complexes in chronic inflammatory bowel disease. 15 47

We have developed an enzymatic technique for isolating human intestinal mucosal lymphoid cells. This method was found to be superior to mechanical methods in regard to cell yield and survival. It is based on treating mucosa with serum-free solutions containing collagenase and deoxyribonuclease, followed by isolating the lymphoid cells through centrifugation steps involving fetal calf serum and ficoll-hypaque. Exposure of peripheral blood lymphocytes to the components of the enzymatic solution did not appreciably alter their uptake of tritiated thymidine in the presence or absence of mitogens. Application of the method to derive lymphoid cells from Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and normal intestinal mucosa has shown that gut mucosal lymphocytes from inflammatory bowel disease (1) exceed the number of those from normal mucosa by a factor of 3 to 5; (2) show different degrees of tritiated thymidine uptake, spontaneously and in response to mitogens, depending upon the time they are harvested during the dissociation process; (3) are better stimulators than responders in the allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction; (4) generate suppressor cell activity comparable to that of peripheral blood lymphocytes; (5) cannot, in contrast to peripheral blood lymphocytes, generate antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity; and (6) produce an average of 5 times more IgM than equal numbers of peripheral blood lymphocytes.
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PMID:Gut mucosal lymphocytes in inflammatory bowel disease: isolation and preliminary functional characterization. 15 97

We studied the association between serum levels of an isomeric species of carcinoembryonic antigen and neoplasia of the gastrointestinal tract in 993 patients. With use of an empirically determined threshold, the antigen was found to be elevated in 80.4 per cent of 138 patients with neof other tumors, predominantly lung and breast tumors. Serum levels were elevated in 0.23 per cent of random patients and 0.41 per cent of 725 patients without neoplasia, including those with liver diseases, inflammatory bowel disease and chronic renal disease. The results of this study suggest that this species of carcinoembryonic antigen, and that assay for it offers an improved approach to the diagnosis and management of neoplasia of the gastroinetestinal tract.
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PMID:Association of an isomeric species of carcinoembryonic antigen with neoplasia of the gastrointestinal tract. 16 11

This study compares the efficacy of intravenous adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) with intravenous hydrocortisone in the treatment of patients with symptomatic inflammatory bowel disease. Drug doses were pharmacologically equivalent on the basis of achieved plasma cortisol levels and continuously monitored urinary corticoid excretion rates. Drug selection and patient evaluation were accomplished with a random double blind technique. Evaluation of 22 consecutive hospital patients indicates that ACTH and hydrocortisone, when administered intravenously in pharmacologically equivalent dosage, are therapeutically equivalent, that response to ACTH is rapid, with no therapeutic lag, and that differences in therapeutic responses cannont be corrrelated with differences in systemic steroid levels.
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PMID:A controlled evaluation of intravenous adrenocorticotropic hormone and hydrocortisone in the treatment of acute colitis. 16 21

Transport of leftover feed from infectious disease (IBD) farms to susceptible flocks on clean premises is believed to have played an important role in the transmission of this disease to new farms and to new areas. Servicemen, caretakers, contaminated equipment and air were suspected in the spread of the disease, but these modes were not demonstrated. Litter, drinking water and samples of feed from feeders of IBD flocks were found to be infectious when added to rations of susceptible chickens but were not when added to drinking water. Infectious bursal agent (IBA) remained viable for at least 6 months in dry litter and in unused dry chicken houses for more than 1 year. IBA was found in circulating blood of infected chickens 36 hours after inoculation, but not after 72 hours. Liver, spleen, thymus, kidney, pancreas and intestines were infectious at 72 hours. Bursa and feces were infectious from 48 hours through 7 days after inoculation. Tests on 4 1/2 to 6-week-old birds from 10-12 farms of each of several broiler complexes in three southeastern states of the U.S. revealed IBA present on a high percentage of farms even though none had used vaccine. Vaccination with modified or unmodified IBA administered to millions of 4-10-day-old chicks gave good protection for the life of broilers and laying birds. Effect of IBD on development of immunity to other diseases will be discussed.
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PMID:The epizootiology of infectious bursal disease and prevention of it by immunization. 18 93

Althouth serological studies have revealed a high incidence and mean titer of antibody to cytomegalovirus (CMV) in some patients with inflammatory bowel disease, electron microscopy has not confirmed the presence of mature virus in diseased tissue. Sensitive biochemical techniques for detection of viral nucleic acid were applied therefore to test the proposed disease-virus association. Membrane cRNA-DNA hybridization showed that CMV DNA was not detectable in 3 cases of Crohn's disease, nor was it present in 3 or 4 cases of ulcerative colitis examined. Five tissue specimens taken 5 cm away from a colonic tumor were also negative. An in situ hybridization study of diseased tissue, including specimens from 6 inflammatory bowel disease patients in addition to those above, showed a few grains distributed over cells superficial to the muscularis mucosa, but was not regarded as significantly different from controls. The association of CMV with Crohn's disease (0 positives in 4 patients by either test) is not supported by this study; the association with ulcerative colitis (1 positive in 9 patients by either test) requires further study before a definitive conclusion can be made.
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PMID:Viral DNA in inflammatory bowel disease. CMV-bearing cells as a target for immune-mediated enterocytolysis. 18 23

The role of prostaglandins in endocrine diarrheagenic syndromes was evaluated by measuring peripheral concentration of immunoreactive PGE and PGF in patients with non-endocrine diarrhea as well as those with the Zollinger-Ellison (Z-E) syndrome, MCT, carcinoid tumors and the WDHA syndrome. In 21 normals, PGE and PGF levels averaged 272 +/- 18 and 119 +/- 14 pg/ml, respectively. Twenty eight patients with diarrhea of non-endocrine origin (mainly inflammatory bowel disease) had levels indistinguishable from normal, i.e. 353 +/- 25 and 77 +/- 37 pg/ml, respectively. Among 29 patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (mean gastrin 6127 +/- 3267 pg/ml) only 2 had significantly elevated PGE levels; mean PGE levels, 382 +/- 32 pg/ml, were not significantly different from normal and did not correlate with either diarrhea or the serum gastrin concentration. In contrast, 18 of 22 patients with carcinoid tumors (mean blood serotonin concentration 1655 +/- 604 ng/ml; mean urinary excretion of 5 HIAA 66.8 +/- 16.7 mg/day) had elevated peripheral concentrations of PGE. The mean PGE level (1367 +/- 245 pg/ml) was significantly elevated (P less than 0.001). Nonetheless PGE levels did not correlate with diarrhea, blood concentrations of serotonin, or urinary indole excretion. MCT (mean serum calcitonin 24.5 +/- 6.3 ng/ml) was similarly associated with consistent (18/19) elevation in peripheral concentrations of PGE (mean 1922 +/- 541 pg/ml; P less than 0.001). Inthis syndrome, PGE levels were higher in patients with diarrhea and in those with markedly elevated serum thyrocalcitonin levels. Finally, 8 of 21 patients with the WDHA syndrome had increased levels of PGE. Although 13 of 17 patients had high levels of VIP (mean 8133 pg/ml), 2 patients had hyperprostaglandinemia in the face of normal peripheral concentrations of VIP. In one patient the serum PGE level was elevated prior to resection of the primary pancreatic neoplasm (9939 pg/ml) as well as the subsequent extirpation of a solitary hepatic metastasis (1063 pg/ml); following each procedure the diarrhea abated and the PGE level returned to normal. In none of these syndromes were mean PGF levels elevated. The study has documented hyperprostaglandinemia in some endocrine diarrheagenic syndromes and validated the usefullness of measurements of PGE in patients with unexplained diarrhea.
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PMID:Prostaglandins E and F in endocrine diarrheagenic syndromes. 18 8

Specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicks infected with infectious bursal disease (IBDV) virus at one day of age or midway (7 days) through a two-week immunization program for Eimeria tenella showed significantly less (P less than or equal to 0.05) protection against coccidal challenge as measured by lesion scores than chicks given IBDV after 14 days of coccidial immunization. The chicks showed complete protection to later coccidial challenge administered on Day 21. Bursae were markedly smaller from IBDV-infected chicks than from uninfected controls, and pathological changes were extensive. Virus-neutralization tests demonstrated that titers to IBD were higher in chicks exposed to the virus than in unexposed controls.
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PMID:Influence of infectious bursal disease on the development of immunity to Eimeria tenella. 20 82


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