Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021390 (inflammatory bowel disease)
 23,302 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mesenteric lymph-nodes from 27 patients with Crohn's disease, 13 with ulcerative colitis, and 11 without inflammatory bowel disease were cultured for mycobacteria. A node from a patient with Crohn's disease yielded a strain of Mycobacterium kansasii. Cultures from 22 other patients with Crohn's disease, 7 with ulcerative colitis, and 1 control subject yielded pleomorphic organisms with the electron-microscopic appearances of cell-wall-deficient organisms. Further culture and characterisation of these organisms has so far proved unsuccesful. Skin tests with tuberculin were positive in a smaller proportion of patients with Crohn's disease than in healthy control subjects. Conversely, the patients gave a higher proportion of positive reactions to a reagent prepared from the strain of M. kansasii isolated. No differences in the proportion of positive test were found between patients and controls with reagents prepared from 16 other mycobacteria. Cell-wall-deficient mycobacteria are a possible causative agent of inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:Mycobacteria as a possible cause of inflammatory bowel disease. 8 Jun 30

Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE) activity was significantly higher in 90 patients with sarcoidosis (55 +/- [S.D.] 23 nmol min-1 ml-1) than in 80 healthy controls (34 +/- 9 nmol min-1 ml-1). Steroid therapy modified SACE activity; 60 sarcoidosis patients who were not being treated with steroids had significantly higher enzyme activities (58 +/- 24 nmol min-1 ml-1) than 30 steroid-treated sarcoidosis patients (40 +/- 19 nmol min-1 ml-1). In 50% of the non-steroid treated sarcoidosis patients SACE activity was more than 2 S.D. above the mean value for the controls. SACE activity was measured in 22 tuberculous patients (38 +/- 14 nmol min-1 ml-1), 20 leprosy patients (34 +/- 9 nmol min-1 ml-1), 31 with primary biliary cirrhosis (44 +/- 20 nmol min-1 ml-1), 26 with inflammatory bowel disease (31 +/- 9 nmol min-1 ml-1), 8 with hepatic granulomatous disease, 5 with Hodgkin's disease, and 2 with schistosomiasis. The combined false-positive rate for these non-sarcoidosis patients was 10%. Serial SACE assays provide useful information on the course of sarcoidosis and response to steroid treatment.
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PMID:Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE) in sarcoidosis and other granulomatous disorders. 8 38

Double contrast barium enema examinations in 24 patients with Crohn's disease of the colon and 29 patients with ulcerative colitis were reviewed without knowledge of the clinical diagnosis. The radiologic diagnosis of Crohn's disease agreed with the clinical diagnosis in 98% of patients. In this condition the most common radiologic findings were discontinuous or asymmetric disease (88%) and discrete ulcers (67%) often on a normal mucosa. The latter are characteristic of early Crohn's disease and may enable the radiologist to be the first to suggest the diagnosis, particularly when both sigmoidoscopy and small bowel examination are normal. Of the patients with ulcerative colitis, a positive radiologic diagnosis was made in 83% on the basis of a granular mucosal pattern (79%) and continuous distal involvement (86%). The high accuracy of the double contrast technique, especially in Crohn's disease, and the relative specificity of the signs that it can demonstrate suggest that this is the preferred examination in the radiologic evaluation of inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:Double contrast barium enema in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. 9 95

A consecutive series of 25 patients who developed external small bowel fistula within 2 weeks of abdominal surgery is described. Half the patients had a primary diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease and the fistula arose usually as a result of direct trauma to the bowel or the breakdown of an anastomosis. All the patients were treated conservatively with total bowel rest and intravenous hyperalimentation. In 15 (60 per cent) spontaneous fistula closure occurred, in an average period of 32 days. In 8 patients the fistula failed to close and surgery was performed, but was effective in only 3 cases. Thus the fistula eventually closed in 18 patients. Five patients died, all from intra-abdominal sepsis. Of the 8 patients with a primary diagnosis of Crohn's disease, 3 died, 2 have a persistent fistula, 1 has a permanent ileostomy and spontaneous closure occurred in only 2.
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PMID:Postoperative external small bowel fistulas: a study of a consecutive series of patients treated with intravenous hyperalimentation. 10 92

The present review is concerned by the main features of zinc metabolism (requirements, intestinal absorption, tissue distribution, excretion). The relationships between zinc variations and gut pathology are discussed with respect to the following points: criteria for the diagnostic of zinc deficiency, pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical consequences, therapeutic implications. Evidence for zinc malabsorption is present in Acrodermatitis enteropathica and in chronic zinc deficiency observed in Middle-East. During last decade zinc deficiency has been frequently reported in total parenteral feeding. Alterations in plasma zinc concentrations have been described in coeliac disease and inflammatory bowel disease but a true deficiency remains to be established in this pathological states.
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PMID:[Zinc in digestive diseases (author's transl)]. 10 78

Indications for the use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease include improvement of nutrition in the pre- and postoperative periods, management of gastrointestinal fistulas and as an adjunct to medical therapy. In general, patients with Crohn's disease respond better than those with ulcerative colitis. TPN is supportive and does not lead to a long-lasting cure in most cases.
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PMID:The role of total parenteral nutrition in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. 10 31

One hundred and twenty-eight of 145 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) were found to be HLA B27 positive. Five patients had evidence of a sero-negative peripheral arthritis resembling peripheral psoriatic arthritis and 3 of these were B27 negative. One further B27 negative patients had a sister with ankylosing spondylitis and ulcerative colitis and a mother with ulcerative colitis. There was evidence of a somewhat later age of onset of symptoms in B27 negative patients. These findings are interpreted as suggesting some degree of clinical and genetic heterogeneity in ankylosing spondylitis with genes for psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease being important in some individuals, particularly those who are B27 negative. Twenty-five first-degree relatives with ankylosing spondylitis were all B27 positive. The only instance of disassociation of B27 and spondylitis in a family was where the proband had ulcerative colitis as well as spondylitis. Of 13 B27 positive fathers 3 could be diagnosed as having definite ankylosing spondylitis (23%). These findings are thought to provide evidence against the concept that the gene for ankylosing spondylitis is not B27 but a closely linked gene and favour the occurrence of an environmental event affecting approximately one-fifth of B27 positive males to result in disease.
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PMID:HLA B27 and the genetics of ankylosing spondylitis. 10 68

The treatment for acute mechanical intestinal obstruction is a timely operation. A select group of patients may, however, be nutritionally supported with continual administration of elemental diet proximal to long tube decompression under two sets of circumstances: 1. while awaiting spontaneous or treatment-induced resolution of the underlying process, and 2. while reversing catabolism during evaluation prior to operation. Eleven patients with chronic intermittent bowel obstruction were studied: six with obstruction involving radiated small bowel, three with an acute exacerbation of chronic inflammatory bowel disease, one with obstruction secondary to an intra-abdominal phlegmon and one with a segmental motility problem. They received nutritional support with continual gastrointestinal administration of elemental diet proximal to long tube decompression after initial observation for signs or symptoms of altered intestinal viability and stabilization of fluid and electrolyte status. Six of the 11 patients eventually required operation. All patients maintained body weight and three gained weight. Mean nutritional input was 1,873 calories and 12.6 gm nitrogen/day. There were no complications related to the technique of proximal feeding and distal decompression because of careful patient selection and appropriate administration of elemental diet under carefully controlled guidelines.
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PMID:Distal decompression and proximal feeding for nutritional support during bowel obstruction. 10 31

Home hyperalimentation is now recognized as a technique which allows patients with severe short bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease to return to a near normal life style. The success of this program is dependent on the longterm use of a catheter through which intravenous fluids are infused. In the past 20 months, we have inserted 32 catheters into 22 patients for purposes of home parenteral nutrition. In a 1 to 20-month follow-up, the average duration of catheter insertion was 6 months, the longest has been 19 months in 2 patients. One patient with superior vena cava thrombosis has had a catheter inserted via a femoral vein which has been functioning well for 5 months. Thirteen catheters have been removed: 3 for obstruction, 2 for sepsis, 1 due to breakage of the catheter, 4 for slippage (3 were pulled out by the patient, and 1 was removed because of inability to psychologically accept the presence of the catheter). The removal of 6 of these 13 catheters was necessitated by breaks in the proper techniques of catheter care, which include daily dressing changes and heparinization of the catheter at least once daily. Techniques of catheter insertion and catheter care will be presented
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PMID:Exerience with the Broviac catheter for prolonged parenteral alimentation. 11 Sep 52

A 10-year experience in the diagnosis and treatment of 92 patients with inflammatory bowel diseases in Kuala Lumpur is described. Tuberculosis (34 cases) was the most common inflammatory bowel disease of surgical importance. The clinical presentation of tuberculous enteritis and Crohn's disease is similar, though tuberculosis is strongly suggested by associated pulmonary disease and radiological evidence of caecal involvement. The finding of 10 cases each of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis is in keeping with an increased awareness of these conditions in a developing urban society where facilities exist for thorough investigation of diarrhoeal diseases. Amoebiasis sometimes causes a granulomatous lesion simulating carcinoma. Diverticular disease of the colon as known in the West is of very rare occurrence.
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PMID:Inflammatory diseases of the bowel: a Malaysian experience. 11 52


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