Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021390 (inflammatory bowel disease)
 23,302 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a young woman with Takayasu's arteritis, standard roentgenographic studies suggested a diagnosis of Crohn's ileocolitis. Mesenteric angiography was performed and revealed specific abnormalities diagnostic of Crohn's disease, namely, the zoning sign in the cecum with a hypervascular inner layer and a hypovascular outer layer, and paraintestinal inflammatory neovasculature adjacent to the ascending colon. In addition, several helpful but nonspecific findings were demonstrated, and these features are reviewed. This patient represents another example of large vessel lesions associated with inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:Crohn's disease associated with Takayasu's arteritis. 4 90

The metabolic fate of 5-aminosalicylic acid (reported to be the active therapeutic moiety of sulfasalazine) was assessed in fasting rats as a function of dose (25-200 mg/kg) and administration route (oral, intraperitoneal, and intravenous). 5-Aminosalicylic acid is subject to both capacity-limited presystemic (apparently during first passage through the intestinal epithelium) and systemic acetylation. The possibility exists that 5-aminosalicylic acid also is acetylated presystemically after oral sulfasalazine administration to patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Any alteration in the absorption activity if N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid is inactive or less active than 5-amino-salicylic acid.
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PMID:Capacity-limited gut wall metabolism of 5-aminosalicylic acid, a therapeutically active metabolite of sulfasalazine, in rats. 4 31

A case report of a patient with biopsy-proven hepatitis which occurred while that patient was receiving Azulfidine which recurred after a rechallenge is presented. Toxic hepatitis, an apparent drug hypersensitivity reaction can result from Azulfidine therapy and must be considered in the differential diagnosis of hepatic abnormalities in patients with inflammatory bowel disease who are taking this drug. The literature concerning toxic reactions to the drug is reviewed.
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PMID:Hepatotoxicity of salicylazosulfapyridine: a case report and review of the literature. 4 69

Sulfasalazine hepatotoxicity has been poorly documented in the literature. We report a case of a young female with inflammatory bowel disease who developed severe hepatotoxicity as part of a systemic hypersensitivity reaction to sulfasalazine. The clinical, biochemical, and histopathological features resemble those of sulfonamide-induced hepatic injury. Although rare, our case as well as previous reports indicate the serious nature of the illness.
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PMID:Hypersensitivity reaction to sulfasalazine with severe hepatotoxicity. 4 81

The isolation and animal transmission of a viral agent from Crohn's disease patients stimulated studies aimed at the development of improved tissue culture techniques. The need for an effective tissue-culture system led to a comparison of African green monkey tissue-culture cells (A.G.M.K.), human diploid lung cells (WI-38), and a new tissue-culture line--continuous rabbit ileum (C.R.I.). Homogenates prepared from ileal specimens from four Crohn's disease patients and from four control patients without inflammatory bowel disease were filtered through a 0-2mu 'Millipore' filter. After confluence, groups of six tissue-culture flasks were inoculated with 0-3 ml of Crohn's disease or control filtrates. No cytopathic agents were isolated from A.G.M.K. tissue-culture. Cytopathic agents were isolated in WI-38 and C.R.I. tissue-cultures from each of the four Crohn's disease specimens but from none of the control specimens. A comparison of C.R.I. and WI-38 demonstrated that cytopathogenic change (C.P.E.) developed in C.R.I. earlier than in WI-38. C.P.E. was complete in a shorter period of time in C.R.I. but was irregular in WI-38. The sensitivity of WI-38 varied with the passage level and age of the monolayer. C.R.I. was found to be free of cytopathic adventitial agents upon inoculation of standard tissue-culture systems and weanling mice. Therefore C.R.I. is a sensitive and superior tissue-culture system for the cultivation of viral agents from Crohn's disease filtrates. The reproducible isolation of a viral agent from the ileum of patient's with Crohn's disease is confirmed by these studies.
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PMID:Cultivation of viral agents from Crohn's disease. A new sensitive system. 5 37

Rectal biopsies from subjects with a normal rectum and from patients with various forms of inflammatory bowel disease were studied by the prolonged osmication technique. No consistent ultrastructural differences were observed between these groups, but there were striking differences between individual epithelial cells in the same biopsy and between the epithelium and the cells of the lamina propria. The Golgi apparatus was demonstrated occasionally in the epithelium, often in endothelium. Endoplasmic reticulum, perinuclear cisterna and mitochondria were variably outlined. In plasma cells, there were striking differences in osmiophilia. The underlying mechanism of the different staining patterns is not clear. The findings do not appear to help in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease nor to shed any new light on their underlying pathogenic mechanisms.
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PMID:An ultrastructural study of osmiophilia in the human rectum. 6 55

A retrospective review of outcome was undertaken in forty-two patients with ulcerative colitis and twenty patients with Crohn's disease who were treated for haemorrhoids and the inflammatory bowel disease between 1935 and 1975. Both surgical and conservative treatment of haemorrhoids in patients with ulcerative colitis had low complication-rates (4 complications after 58 courses of treatment). In Crohn's disease the complication-rate was high (11 complications after 26 courses of treatment). One of the forty-two patients with ulcerative colitis and six of the twenty with Crohn's disease required rectal excision for complications apparently dating from the treatment of haemorrhoids. These results suggest that treatment of symptomatic haemorrhoids is usually safe in patients with ulcerative colitis but is contraindicated in those with Crohn's disease.
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PMID:Treatment of haemorrhoids in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. 6 84

A sensitive technique was used to estimate two acid hydrolases--N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (N.A.G.) and beta-glucuronidase (B.G.)--produced by peripheral-blood monocytes. Enzyme levels were measured after in-vitro incubation of monocytes with or without stimulation by zymosan and endotoxin. Compared with controls, enzyme production and release in inflammatory bowel disease, chronic liver disease, and rheumatoid arthritis were markedly raised. It is suggested that various stimuli, including immunological ones, may be responsible for the release of such enzymes from monocytes and that such release may be a factor in the production of the chronic inflammation seen in these disorders.
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PMID:Acid hydrolases in monocytes from patients with inflammatory bowel disease, chronic liver disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. 7 70

Serum from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (I.B.D.) and their unaffected spouses bound significantly more synthetic single-stranded (poly.rA) and double-stranded (poly.rA.poly.rU) R.N.A. but not KB cell D.N.A. than did serum from age-matched controls and their spouses. Binding activity resided in Ig fractions and was predominantly of IgM class. A significant corelation was observed between the amount of double-stranded but not single-stranded R.N.A. bound by serum from patients and from their respective spouses. These findings provide indirect support for the presence of R.N.A. viruses in patients with I.B.D. and the transmission of such agents to their close personal contacts.
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PMID:Antibodies to synthetic polyribonucleotides in spouses of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. 7 14

215 colonsocopic examinations were performed on patients with rectal bleeding whose cause had not been determined by barium enema. The probable or definite source of the bleeding was diagnosed in 41% of cases. 13% had a carcinoma, 14% had one or more colonic polyps, 7% had previously unrecognised inflammatory bowel disease. The remainder had various other colonic conditions. The source of bleeding was twice as likely to be found by colonoscopy in patients presenting with frank rectal blood-loss as in those with occult blood. A carcinoma was found twice as often in those patients with diverticular disease as in those without this condition. A lesion was discovered in the majority of patients who had had two or more negative barium enemas. These results emphasise the importance of rectal bleeding as a symptom of colonic abnormality and the value of colonscopy in its investigation in patients where the results of radiology are negative.
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PMID:Colonscopy for investigation of unexplained rectal bleeding. 7 9


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