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Query: UMLS:C0021359 (infertility)
 26,075 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This paper reviews the literature on the psychological and psychosocial aspects of in vitro fertilization and of consumer attitudes towards IVF. A study of the psychosocial factors reported by 61 couples who were awaiting IVF treatment in Auckland, New Zealand is presented. Results cover demographic characteristics, couples responses to infertility, decision making regarding IVF, the impact of infertility on self and relationships, availability and use of counselling, expected problems associated with IVF treatment and attitudes towards policy and ethical issues. Discussion of the results includes some implications for social work services.
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PMID:Psychosocial factors for couples awaiting in vitro fertilization. 263 Dec 83

Forty-two women with infertility were enrolled in an in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/ET) program, from July, 1986 to February, 1988, at the First Affiliated Hospital, Human Medical University. CC/hMG/hCG and hMG/hCG regimens for ovulation induction were used for 35 and 7 patients. Monitoring methods consisted of daily follicular ultrasonography and serum estradiol measurements. Human chorionic gonadotropin 10,000IU was administered when the leading follicle reached 18mm in diameter and serum E2 level was equal to or more than 1,480 pmol/L (400 pg/ml). Twenty-one laparoscopies and nineteen laparotomies for oocyte retrieval were performed. The IVF/ET results using CC/hMG/hCG for ovarian stimulation were as follows: an average of 6.1 follicles were aspirated and 3.5 oocytes recovered for one case. The recovery rate and fertilization rate was 57.0% and 60.1% respectively. In twenty-five women one to five embryos were transferred and a clinical pregnancy occurred in one who received three embryos. Laparotomy for oocyte retrieval showed that more oocytes could be obtained than laparoscopy. The purity of CO2 used for laparoscopy was considered to affect the IVF results.
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PMID:[A preliminary study on in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer]. 263 67

The birth of the first baby following in-vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer (IVF/ET) in 1978 and the introduction of gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) in 1984 have increased the treatment modalities in operative reproductive medicine. In tubal pathology, there are besides micro-surgery now so-called additive methods available for treating infertility. With regard to the indications, there has been severe confusion, and it is therefore imperative to define special indications for IVF/ET, microsurgery and GIFT. We do not consider these treatment modalities as alternative methods. Reproductive centres should offer all these treatments to guarantee an appropriate individual programme for each couple. Therefore, knowledge of pregnancy rates is a prerequisite for the doctor. The aim of this paper is, to define the optimal therapy while taking into account the individual problems of each couple.
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PMID:[Differential indications for surgical technics in reproductive medicine--microsurgery, in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, gamete intrafallopian transfer and tubal embryo transfer]. 266 9

In the context of the pathophysiology of endometriosis, the technology of IVF-ET and GIFT appears to offer a promising alternative for infertility associated with endometriosis in situations refractory to conventional medical or surgical therapy. The success rate of IVF with respect to follicular response, oocyte recovery, fertilization rate, and pregnancy rate in mild-to-moderate (stages I to II) disease is comparable to patients with tubal disease. However, compromise of oocyte recovery and fertilization appears to be present in severe-extensive cases (stages III to IV) implying an impairment of reproductive potential in advanced disease. In all stages of endometriosis, prior therapy, either medical or surgical, offers the best prognosis for an IVF or GIFT attempt. Surgical therapy with operative endoscopy at the time of oocyte retrieval offers a reasonable prognosis for treatment-independent pregnancy in cases of active endometriosis. The GIFT procedure bypasses an unfavorable peritoneal environment in stages I to II endometriosis without anatomic distortion or compromise of fallopian tube function. Pretreatment with GnRH analogues prior to ovulation induction is valuable in suppression of active disease as well as in inducing improved homogeneity of follicular response in IVF or GIFT cycles.
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PMID:The role of the new reproductive technologies including IVF and GIFT in endometriosis. 266 17

In-vitro fertilization therapy (IVF-ET) should be considered an important and indispensable component of all comprehensive infertility treatment programmes. It is neither more, nor less important than operative laparoscopy, hysteroscopic diagnosis, a broad-based programme for ovarian stimulation and ovulation induction or even psychological counseling. Clearly, with today's technology, IVF-ET is not a panacea of infertility, but in selected cases it may provide a child where other forms of therapy have failed. However, what sets this therapy apart from all others is that it has heralded a new era in human biology that will not only enable us to treat, but also to understand the problem of infertility.
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PMID:A critical assessment of the indications for in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. 269 87

During the last decade, reproductive endocrinology has provided new technologies for treatment of infertility--one of which is in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer (IVF/ET). The use of this technology has been accompanied by considerable interest in understanding the psychology of those seeking IVF/ET and in understanding psychological reactions during and after IVF/ET. This paper reviews the psychological research within the IVF/ET literature as divided into three major areas: first, psychological profiles of women and their partners requesting IVF/ET; second, clinical reports which describe the psychological experience of IVF/ET and provide recommendations for counseling both before and during IVF/ET; and third, follow-up studies of IVF/ET participants. This paper is designed to highlight initial findings in these three areas of research and thus provide a context for future research directions. Specific suggestions for future study include redirecting research effort from investigations of psychopathology to detecting stress which may affect IVF/ET outcome.
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PMID:Psychological studies of in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer participants. 269 59

A review is presented summarizing the IVF-ET, GIFT and combined IVF-ET-GIFT experienced at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Since the building of an aseptic dust free laboratory next to the operation room, the clinical pregnancy rate has been 12.2% per embryo transfer in IVF-ET, 16.7% in the GIFT program and 30.0% in the combined IVF-GIFT program. The overall clinical pregnancy rate was 14.9%. The overall pregnancy rate appeared to be independent of the causes of infertility, be it tubal factor, endometriosis or unexplained infertility. It was lower in couples with male factor or combined factors. The different regimens for follicular stimulation were hMG-hCG, clomiphene-hMG-hCG and FSH-hMG-hCG. No one regimen showed a better pregnancy rate than the others. The methods of oocyte retrieval were laparascopy, laparotomy, transbladder ultrasound-guided, and transvaginal ultrasound-guided retrieval. There were 4.53 oocytes retrieved pertreatment cycle. The transvaginal ultrasoundguided oocyte retrieval has greatly simplified the procedures in the IVF-ET program. The patient selection was important not only for the indications but also for the methods of IVF-ET, GIET and combined IVF-GIFT.
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PMID:In vitro fertilization, gamete intrafallopian transfer and combined IVF-GIFT results: three-year experience at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. 269 91

The Authors discuss the phenomenon of the gradual decline of a woman's fecundability with the passing of time and particularly the potential causes of infertility in advanced reproductive age and the most efficient therapeutic management. They conclude that more advanced aided conception techniques such as IVF/ET, GIFT, ZIFT and IPI should be preferred to surgery for women over a certain age, especially where the infertility problem is of more than five years standing, and discuss the effect of the subject's age on the various stimulation techniques available. The Authors then report their experience with IVF/ET in 806 induction cycles using five different stimulation protocols at the Foundation for Studies on Human Reproduction in Palermo.
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PMID:Infertility in advanced reproductive age. Results of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer according to the woman's age. 270 61

The inability to have children is a considerable cause of human distress. There is little evidence to suggest that the vast majority of infertile couples differ in their premorbid psychological make-up from their fertile contemporaries. There is understandable grief in response to their loss of the ability to have children and in vulnerable people this may be profound. There is little known of the long-term outcome of such couples, but it seems likely that for some it will be a devastating experience that will affect their life-time mental health. There are a large proportion of couples with unexplained infertility, but there is little evidence that this diagnosis is particularly associated with psychological factors, although research continues into possible links between stress and hormones that affect the reproductive system, such as prolactin. Artificial insemination and IVF have particular problems, not only due to conception occurring out of normal sexual intercourse. In artificial insemination using donor sperm the problems of a genetically different father has similarities with the debate about egg donation for IVF. These technical procedures are undoubtedly stressful but generally, as for other treatments, if they are successful the rewards appear to outweigh any misgivings of the couples involved. There is a need for further research as to whether psychological factors are causative in infertility as the absence of any link might indeed be reassuring to couples. We would also benefit from knowing the long-term outcome of couples for whom treatment is not successful.
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PMID:Infertility and assisted reproduction. 270 Jan 41

One hundred and fourteen couples with long standing infertility due to male factor, cervical factor and unexplained infertility were admitted for therapeutic trials with intrauterine insemination of washed, capacitated husband's sperm cells between May 1986 to October 1987 at The Egyptian IVF-ET Center, Cairo, Egypt. Three hundred and sixty-four trials were done (an average of 3.19 trial per patient). Fifty-eight patients got pregnant (16% pregnancy rate per trial). This simple and noninvasive procedure can be considered as an alternative treatment for infertility due to male factor, cervical factor, and unexplained infertility.
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PMID:Intrauterine insemination with washed capacitated sperm cells in the treatment of male factor, cervical factor and unexplained infertility. 275 74


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