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Query: UMLS:C0021359 (infertility)
 26,075 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The semen from 20 men with varicocele was studied before and after surgical correction of the varicocele. The effect on sperm quality was only marginal and could not explain the fairly high conception rate (20%) after operation. The recommendation that varicocele in men with long-term infertility should be eliminated by ligation of the internal spermatic veins is still justified despite the absence of positive effects on sperm quality.
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PMID:Semen cahracteristics before and after ligation of the left internal spermatic veins in men with varicocele. 0 50

1 Pyometra is a disorder of the uterus usually associated with bacterial infection plus obstruction. 2 Large quantities of fluid often collect in the uterus during this condition. 3 Pyometrial fluid obtained from three species was found to contain prostaglandin F2alpha, usually in large quantities. 4 Prostaglandin E2 was present in smaller quantities in five of the six samples. 5 These findings are discussed in relation to the known occurrence of prostaglandins in inflammatory fluid, and to the problem of infertility.
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PMID:Prostaglandins in pyometrial fluid from the cow, bitch and ferret. 0 58

Sera from 657 men from infertile couples were tested for sperm agglutinins and spermatozoal antibodies detectable by the indirect immunofluorescense technique (IFT), and the results were correlated to the clinical examinations of the couples. Sperm agglutinins were found in 6.7%. Spontaneous agglutination of the ejaculated spermatozoa was observed only among these men, most commonly among those with high serum titres. IF-antibodies against the four spermatozoal antigens located beneath the cell membrane occurred in 15.2% of the patients. Antibodies against the front part of the acrosome and the postnuclear cap were mainly IgM. Antibodies against the equatorial segment of the acrosome were predominantly IgG and in a few cases IgA, whereas straining of the main tail piece was caused by IgG antibodies. Considering the clinical fertility status of the couples, sperm agglutinins in high titres (greater than or equal to 10) against the equatorial segment and the main tail piece of the spermatozoa were found significantly more often among men from couples with unexplained infertility than among clinically normal men from couples where the findings in the women could be assumed to cause infertility. These results support the view that sperm agglutinins can cause infertility, whereas the significance of the IF-antibodies is still unclarified as, in some cases, these can be found even in high titres in men with proven fertility. The possible mechanism of autosensitization were evaluated by means of an anamnestic study.
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PMID:Sperm antibodies in men from infertile couples. Analysis of sperm agglutinins and immunofluorescent antibodies in 657 men. 0 75

The basal temperature chart (BTC) has been used as a means of screning the ovarian function of infertile patients and for monitoring their response to ovarian stimulation. During a 3 year period in a busy infertility clinic, specifically designated for cases of functional infertility, 491 patients were seen and 96% of them kept valid BTCs. The use of the BTC enabled therapy to be instituted early in the course of investigations in those cases of infertility in which there was an endocrine factor. There were 420 patients in this category; of those who received treatment a high percentage became pregnant in contrast to those being observed. It is recommended that the BTC be used early and more frequently in the management of infertility cases since it has been shown to seve as an inexpensive and convenient parameter of ovarian function.
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PMID:The value of the basal temperature chart in the management of infertility. 0 76

The relation between sperm antibodies (agglutinins and IF-antibodies) in serum and seminal plasma was studied in three selected groups of male partners in infertile couples with respect to specificity, concentrations and immunoglobulin classes. Agglutinins were found in seminal plasma only when they were also present in serum, but there was no strict correlation between the titres in seminal plasma and serum although serum titres were always the higher ones. However, in cases with tail-to-tail agglutinins a difference of more than 2 fourfold steps between the titres was never found; spontaneous agglutination in the ejaculate generally occurred when the seminal plasma titre was 64 or more, and in 6 patients with high seminal plasma titres IgA was detected in the midpiece region of ejaculated spermatozoa. In contrast, head-to-head agglutinins were found in seminal plasma in only one of 3 patients with these agglutinins in serum, and only in a low titre. Absorption of IgG of IgG with protein-A-producing Staphylococcus aureus showed that tail-to-tail agglutinins in serum were IgG antibodies, whereas they could be characterized as "non-IgA-in seminal plasma, suggesting a local production of these antibodies. IF-antibodies were rarely found in seminal plasma and seemed to be of little significance in relation to infertility in men.
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PMID:Sperm antibodies in serum and seminal plasma. 0 85

Twenty-one males with azo- or oligospermia presenting with infertility and with no evidence of organic disease were studied with luteinizing hormone - releasing hormone (LH-RH). A pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) response was present in all cases and was normal in the majority of the subjects. Serum testosterone and 17 beta estradiol levels were normal in all cases studied. No significant correlations were found between the gonadotropin estimations and sperm count, basal serum testosterone or testosterone response to human chorionic gonadotropin. It is concluded that LH-RH is of limited diagnostic use in the investigation of this group of patients with male infertility and provides no further insight into the pathogenesis of this condition.
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PMID:Pituitary gonadotropin response to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in males with azo- and oligospermia. 0 78

In an infertile man and his only, likewise infertile, brother the sperm contained only round-headed spermatozoa. Electron microscopic examination of embedded ejaculate revealed a malformation, viz. absence of acrosomes in all the spermatozoa with consequent lack of normal development of the heads of the spermatozoa. Acrosomeless spermatozoa were also found in the testicular tubuli. No disturbance of the endocrine functions could be demonstrated. The blood cells were of normal male karyotype. Investigation of meiosis, on the other hand, showed rudimentary second division. Two other unrelated infertile men showed the same isolated disturbance in their spermiogram. Treatment with chlomiphene had no effect on the structure of the spermatozoa or on the infertility. The rare disorder, which seems to be a special syndrome, the first hitherto distinguishable among the various types of teratospermia, and its probable background are discussed.
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PMID:On round-headed human spermatozoa. 0 83

The effects of a combined therapy of antibiotics and antiinflammatory drugs was evaluated in 344 men referred to our clinic for treatment of infertility. Physical signs of congestion, usually not severe, were detected in 244 men. The treatment caused significant improvement in semen quality, especially in sperm concentration, morphology and motility. Forty percent of the wives became pregnant. There was a striking relationship between increase in morphologically normal spermatozoa and incidence of pregnancy. It is speculated that the therapy had its major effect at the level of the epididymis and/or testis.
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PMID:Improvement of fertility and semen quality in men treated with a combination of anticongestive and antibiotic drugs. 0 85

A new technique by which sperm antibodies are purified by affinity-chromatography in a batch device and the sperm agglutinating activity controlled by the Franklin and Dukes (FD) test is described. Specific absorption takes place on an insoluble antigen and desorption reveals purified antibodies. In sera of women with unexplained infertility which were found to be positive to the FD test a specific globulin binding takes place. For quantitative detection of these purified antibodies, crossed immunoelectrophoresis was done. Sera of 4 such infertile women were used. Uterine cervical mucus samples of 3 of them were also examined. As controls, sera negative to the FD test and cervical mucus from the same patients were processed. Spermatozoa were obtained from 15 donors, pooled, washed 3 times with phosphate-buffered saline, and adjusted to spermatozoa content. Cervical mucus was also prepared. Techniques used are given. The method can be easily and quickly performed and therefore used routinely. Antibody fractions, purified by affinity-chromatography migrating against an AHS-containing gel, demonstrated 1 big peak in all 4 of the FD-positive semen samples as well as in the 3 cervical mucus samples. The height of the peak represented a nearly linear relation to the sperm antibody content of the semen. Control samples never showed this peak. By absorption experiments it was found that the protein encountered in serum is IgM and that in cervical mucus IgA. The content of antibodies in the cervical mucus of the same woman was about 1/10 smaller than in her serum. This method is stated to be an improvement over other techniques. Some sperm antibodies are not of the agglutinating type.
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PMID:Crossed immunoelectrophoresis of sperm antibodies in human serum and cervical mucus. 0 87

Microbiopsy of the fimbrial end of the fallopian tube may prove to be a valuable method for investigating the tubal pick-up and transport mechanism in infertility patients. Counting of the percentage of ciliated cells on semithin sections shows that in normal fertile women a percentage of such cells is present that is higher than in abnormal conditions such as peritubal adhesions, ectopic pregnancy and amenorrhoea following prolonged progestogen treatment. It is also suggested that ultrastructural examination of the biopsy may provide additional valuable information.
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PMID:Microbiopsy of the fallopian tube as a method for clinical investigation of tubal function in infertility. 0 88


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