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Query: UMLS:C0021359 (infertility)
 26,075 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Myxedema in men is thought to cause infertility and impotence. Testicular function was investigated in eight consecutive men with primary hypothyroidism (autoimmune thyroiditis in five patients and amiodarone therapy in three patients). All had impotence that preceded the onset of hypothyroidism and did not improve with thyroid therapy. Gonadal function tests showed a hypergonadotropic state in five patients and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in three patients including one with no response to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone. Luteinizing hormone bioactivity was decreased in six patients and increased in two subjects who also had increased luteinizing hormone immunoreactivity. Serum testosterone and testosterone/estradiol-binding globulin concentrations were low in four of the patients. It is concluded that abnormalities of gonadal function are common in men with primary hypothyroidism.
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PMID:Abnormal testicular function in men with primary hypothyroidism. 310 96

23 men were treated during 1977-87 in a special hospital in Warsaw for infertility by administering the Mell-Krat scale, the Rorschach test, and a test consisting of drawing figures. Most of them were in the 26-35 age group and had secondary and higher level education. 15 of them had a domineering mother, and 13 were only children. 14 had been married for 5 years and had used a biological method of contraception for 5-8 years. The personality tests indicated that 16 were immature and 5 were neurotic; in 13, the marital roles were reversed; the need for fatherhood was lacking in 7, and it was deficient in 9; 17 had disorders of erection, 4 had premature ejaculation, and 2 half diminished libido; the partners of 9 were tolerant and passive concerning the sexual dysfunction, 7 were critical and castrating, and 4 were understanding and helpful. The causative factors and the effectiveness of treatment were: partner-related in 13 cases (9 treated), stereotypical transformation of cohabitation in 23 cases (14 treated), burdensome sexual activity in 3 cases (1 treated), and 4 unknown factors (1 treated). Various therapeutic methods were used: hypnosis, psychotherapy of married couple, and training. 14 patients were successfully treated and rehabilitated; however, 9 patients did not improve. Although the small number of this sample does not permit the drawing of sweeping conclusions, some inferences could be made on forms of impotence of psychogenic origin. Implicated factors were: having a domineering mother, being an only child, and immature personality. Other causes had to do with the partner, sexual duty, and stereotypical sexual cohabitation of many years' duration during a nonfertile period of the woman using a natural method of contraception.
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PMID:[Cyclic impotence in male infertility]. 325 57

The most common sexual dysfunctions in men are erectile impotence, retrograde ejaculation, infertility and loss of libido. Infertility is a function of the drugs and the dosage employed. Alkylating agents are likely to cause prolonged azoospermia. Sexual complications in women include stenosis and atrophy of the vagina, menstrual irregularities, early menopause and decreased libido.
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PMID:Sexual complications of cancer treatment. 334 16

This article reviews the effects of alcohol on male and female gonads and hormonal levels; it further discusses the use of ethanol during pregnancy and its teratogenic effect on the fetus. Impotence is a common result of acute alcoholism, and testicular atrophy, infertility, and decreased libido are associated with alcoholism 70-80% of the time. In addition, alcohol consumption produces significant spermatozoal morphological changes involving breakage of the sperm head, distention of the midsection, and curling of its tail. Seminiferous tubules are filled mostly with spermatids that undergo degeneration and result in aspermia. Acute ethanol intoxication is accompanied by decreased plasma testosterone levels and a surge of luteinizing hormone. Ethanol appears to have a dual effect: locally on the gonads and centrally on the hypothalamus-pituitary axis, causing an adverse effect on spermatogenesis. Less is known about the effects of alcohol on the female reproductive function; however, inhibition of ovulation and a significant reduction of plasma estradiol and progesterone levels has been noted in rats following ethanol administration. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy is the most frequent known teratogenic cause of mental retardation. Infants most severely affected by maternal alcohol abuse during gestation possess a number of dysmorphic anomalies termed fetal alcohol syndrome. The abnormalities most typically associated with alcohol teratogenicity can be grouped into 4 categories: growth deficiencies, central nervous system dysfunctions, craniofacial abnormalities, and other major and minor malformations. The effects of maternal alcohol consumption on the fetus are independent of maternal nutritional status and smoking history. Alcohol abuse during pregnancy occurs in 2-13% of US women, and these women have a 50-70% chance of delivering an infant with a serious abnormality.
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PMID:Alcohol and reproductive function: a review. 354 7

We report our experience with artificial insemination with husband's semen (AIH) using cervical cap. Forty-four couples were admitted to our AIH program over a two-year period. In 4 couples, AIH was performed due to impotence or hypospadia, while in the remaining 40 couples indications for AIH were abnormal semen, poor post-coital test, anti-sperm antibodies, poor cervical mucus. Overall, six pregnancies were obtained (pregnancy rate = 15%) in the latter group; in particular, AIH was able to elicit pregnancy in 5 out of the 25 cases of abnormal semen (20%). Our data emphasize the importance of female factors associated with infertility since significantly higher pregnancy rates (45.4% versus 0%) were observed in subjects in whom these factors were absent.
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PMID:Cervical cap homologous artificial insemination (AIH): the University of Florence experience. 373 59

A 66-year-old man presented with height loss, back pain due to an L4 vertebral compression deformity, and marked osteopenia shown by radial photon absorptiometry. The patient had small testes and a long history of infertility and impotence. Plasma testosterone was low (130 ng/dL; normal, 300 to 1000 ng/dL) with marked elevation of serum prolactin (590 ng/mL; normal, 0 to 15 ng/mL). High-resolution computed tomography showed an invasive pituitary macroadenoma with a secondary empty sella turcica. Bone histomorphometry showed low-normal trabecular bone volume with normal formation and resorption indices. The patient was treated with calcium carbonate supplements, testosterone replacement, and bromocriptine mesylate without subsequent progression of the osteoporosis. This first report of hyperprolactinemic hypogonadism in a man who presented with overt osteoporosis shows the importance of evaluating gonadal function in all osteoporotic men.
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PMID:Symptomatic osteoporosis in a man with hyperprolactinemic hypogonadism. 375 59

Of the many people currently infertile, at least 40% have a problem related solely to the male. Feelings about infertility are based on something deeper and more engrained in a person's character called concepts. Concepts are formed by many forces such as religion, society, the value of others and so on. 61 males, partners of infertile couples, were invited to an interview using as a means of investigation a semistructured questionnaire. We focused our attention on the meaning these men gave to an eventual baby, and on the common opinion about a childless married man either from a social or an individual point of view. According to these criteria, we found that 42% of the people interviewed thought that "people" consider the lack of children as related to male impotence with remarkable differences between the opinion of those who lived in cities and those who did not. As for the solution prospected in the case of incurable sterility, 37% would chose to remain childless, a little lower percentage would choose a sperm bank and only 20% would choose adoption. The results of this research show that among many different aspects, the image of the baby for these applicant fathers is still linked to traditional values.
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PMID:The imagined baby: the analysis of a desire. 378 30

Alcohol abuse leads to impotence, infertility and feminisation. Patients with chronic alcoholism have impaired hypothalamic-pituitary function, but the effect of acute alcohol intake on hypothalamic function is unclear. The present study investigated the effect of ethanol ingestion on the pulsatile release of LH. Eight healthy male volunteers, aged 24-36 years, were investigated on a control day and a study day. Blood was sampled every 15 min for 8 h. On the study day ethanol was ingested, 1.5 ml/kg as an initial dose with supplements to maintain mean levels at 110-140 mg%. LH was measured on each sample by specific radioimmunoassay. Testosterone was measured at 0, 90 and 360 min. Data were analysed for pulsatile release by visual inspection, iterative computerized analysis and for longer period secretion by spectral analysis. Pulsatile release of LH was shown for all subjects on both days. Ethanol increased median LH levels (4.8 vs 5.55), but not by a significant amount. LH pulse amplitude was increased by ethanol ingestion, 3.7 vs 5.4 IU/l; P less than 0.05. Spectral analysis demonstrated a release of LH with a wavelength of 240 min which was unchanged by ethanol administration. Testosterone levels were unchanged.
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PMID:LH pulsatility following acute ethanol ingestion in men. 379 59

One hundred and twenty couples applying for DI or involved in the procedure were seen in consultation or therapy at various stages. The clinical findings provide evidence that both partners experience conflict in two areas. The discovery of infertility generates transient impotence, loss of self-esteem and withdrawal in husbands, and anger, guilt and a wish to make reparations in wives. The DI procedure itself evokes oedipal conflicts. Clinical vignettes have been presented to illustrate these patterns and to provide evidence for the view that couples should recognize, discuss and come to terms with the conflicts generated by the discovery of infertility before tackling DI and the conflicts this procedure evokes. Although secrecy is advocated by most DI couples and physicians, a questionnaire study of 76 couples in our unit disclosed that many individuals consider it psychologically useful to discuss their infertility problems with others. Although secrecy may be useful, it may also, through the indirect sanction of denial and negation, interfere with the couple's acknowledging and discussing their problems. One useful purpose of a psychiatric assessment is that it can promote such acknowledgement and discussion. Conflict needs to be distinguished from psychopathology which may be the outcome of unresolved conflict.
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PMID:Psychological patterns in donor insemination couples. 380

A 32-year old Chinese man with insulin dependent diabetes developed impotence and infertility with total azoospermia. The azoospermia was reversed following improved diabetic control with soluble insulin three times daily. With the reversal of azoospermia, his wife conceived five months later.
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PMID:Reversal of azoospermia in an insulin dependent diabetic. 389 81


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