Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0021345 (infectious mononucleosis)
 3,358 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The common soil fungus, Fusarium, is rarely pathogenic in man but occasionally causes serious disease, particularly in immunocompromised hosts. A case is reported of Fusarium brain abscess and meningitis occurring in a patient with chronic infectious mononucleosis syndrome and immunodeficiency. The patient died despite aspiration of the abscess and treatment with amphotericin B. This case demonstrates the importance of identifying the offending pathological organism through abscess aspiration in immunocompromised patients.
 ...
PMID:Fusarium brain abscess. Case report. 682 55

The X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) is characterized by a combined variable immunodeficiency with vulnerability to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced fatal or chronic infectious mononucleosis, acquired agammaglobulinemia, aplastic anemia, or malignant B cell lymphomas. Diagnosis of XLP requires documentation of two or more maternally related males with these phenotypes. Epstein-Barr virus must be demonstrated in circulating blood, lymphoid tissues, or saliva of infected males. Characteristically, the patients have low-titer antibodies to EBV and often lack anti-EB nuclear-associated antibody due to T cell defects. Thymus gland is often depleted and epithelium may be destroyed. Thymic-dependent regions in lymph nodes and spleen are depleted and immunoblastic transformation with plasma cell differentiation is seen. The carrier females exhibit partial immune deficiency and have paradoxically elevated antibodies to EBV. Our registry of XLP provides consultation and comprehensive study of persons and families with the syndrome.
 ...
PMID:X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome. An immunodeficiency disorder with acquired agammaglobulinemia, fatal infectious mononucleosis, or malignant lymphoma. 689 75

A syndrome of chronic mononucleosis occurred in two members of a family. Symptoms were chronic malaise and fatigue; recurrent upper respiratory tract infections; and mild, variable immune abnormalities. Intermittently positive heterophil titers were present for more than 2 years after acute infectious mononucleosis. Epstein-Barr-virus-specific antibodies were persistently abnormal. In the proband, the R component of the early antigen complex was present for 3 years and she never developed normal antibodies to Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen. Her brother had low to absent Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen titers, and antibodies to both the R and D component of the early antigen complex. Primary and acquired immunodeficiency states can show abnormal Epstein-Barr-virus-specific serologic findings that may reflect an attempt by the host to limit virus spread in the presence of deficient immune responses. This action may result in alterations of the Epstein-Barr virus-latent state, and lead to a chronic active infection and a syndrome of chronic mononucleosis.
 ...
PMID:Familial chronic mononucleosis. 714 89

X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP) is a rare worldwide occurring inherited immunodeficiency which is triggered by Epstein-Barr virus infection. Clinical phenotypes in 21 affected males from 5 German families with XLP ranged from severe and fatal infectious mononucleosis (57%) to acquired hypogammaglobulinaemia (28%), malignant lymphoma (28%), aplastic anaemia (19%) and hypergammaglobulinaemia M (19%). Molecular genetic studies with various polymorphic X-chromosomal DNA markers in 14 XLP families mapped the XLP gene locus to Xq25-q26. Haplotype analysis enables detection of XLP-positive and XLP-negative males already before EBV-infection as well as diagnosis of healthy female carriers within XLP families.
 ...
PMID:[X-chromosome recessive lymphoproliferative disease (XLP): molecular genetic studies]. 750 Jun 2

Fatal infectious mononucleosis is vary rare in the human population. Only two case reports of girls suffering an Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferation without evidence of an underlying immunodeficiency came to our knowledge. We report on the case of an 11-months-old girl with fatal infectious mononucleosis. Some findings allow distinct delineation from previous reports. Firstly, the present "pulmonary lymphoid hyperplasia" has been formerly described in patients with HIV infection exclusively. Secondly, only the EBV surface antigen LMP was expressed on infected B-cells. The nuclear antigen complex EBNA could not be demonstrated. Overall, the results suggest a so far unrecognised type of EBV-associated lymphoproliferation in a female infant.
 ...
PMID:[Fatal course of infectious mononucleosis in an 11-month-old girl]. 779 19

PTLD may be considered as an "opportunistic cancer" in which the immunodeficiency state of the host plays a key role in fostering the environment necessary for abnormal lymphoproliferation. The following discussion reflects our own current thoughts regarding events which may result in PTLD and its sequelae. Many of the individual steps have not been rigorously proved or disproved at this point in time. Following transplantation and iatrogenic immunosuppression, the host:EBV equilibrium is shifted in favor of the virus. Most seronegative patients will become infected either via the graft or through natural means; seropositive patients will begin to shed higher levels of virus and may become secondarily superinfected via the graft. There is a "grace" period of approximately one month posttransplant before increased viral shedding begins. PTLD is almost never seen during this interval. In many cases infection continues to be silent whereas in rare individuals there is an overwhelming polyclonal proliferation of infected B lymphocytes. This is the parallel of infectious mononucleosis occurring in patients with a congenital defect in virus handling (X-linked lymphoproliferative disorder). It is possible that transplant patients with this presentation also suffer a defect in virus handling. In other cases excessive iatrogenic immunosuppression may paralyze their ability to respond to the infection. With CsA and FK506 regimens, individual tumors may occur within a matter of months following transplant. The short time of incubation suggests that these are less than fully developed malignancies. It may be that local events conspire to allow outgrowth of limited numbers of B-lymphocyte clones. A cytokine environment favoring B-lymphocyte growth may be one factor and differential inhibition by the immuno-suppressive drugs of calcium-dependent and -independent B-cell stimulation may be another. In addition, there is some evidence that CsA itself may inhibit apoptosis within B cells. Since most patients do not develop PTLDs, an additional signal(s) for B-cell stimulation may be required. Indeed, it is possible that the virus may simply serve to lower the threshold for B-cell activation and/or provide a survival advantage to these cells. The ability of individual cell clones to evade a weakened immune system may set into play a Darwinian type of competition in which the most rapidly proliferating cells with the least number of antigenic targets predominate. In this regard, differences in host HLA types may determine the repertoire of viral antigens which are subject to attack.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Epstein-Barr virus, infectious mononucleosis, and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders. 780

We report a 34-year-old homosexual man who developed a maculopapular, non-itchy exanthema mainly on the trunk in addition to fever up to 39.8 degrees C, general malaise, arthralgias, generalized enlargement of the lymph nodes, watery diarrhoea and weight loss. The patient was in an acute phase of the HIV infection according to standards of WHO and CDC (i.e. acute infection with duration from 3 days to 3 weeks with occasional mononucleosis-like symptoms and positive antibody tests). We documented the seroconversion from HIV-negativity to HIV-positivity 15 days after the onset of the acute illness, concomitant with the resolution of the clinical symptoms. Haematological changes were monitored during the conversion. The infection with HIV-1 was shown by the reduction of T4 helper cells (262/microliters) and the inversion of the CD4:CD8 ratio (< 0.5 during seroconversion). The patient also developed generalized candidiasis owing to the acute immunodeficiency.
 ...
PMID:[Acute primary stage of HIV infection with documented seroconversion]. 790 62

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients at risk for symptomatic human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection were studied for serum antibody to CMV glycoproteins gH and gB. Antibody titers to gB in HIV-seropositive patients, irrespective of CD4 cell counts or presence of CMV retinitis, were significantly higher than titers in HIV-seronegative, CMV-seropositive patients but were comparable to titers detected in HIV-seronegative patients with CMV mononucleosis. In contrast, antibody to gH was rarely detected in HIV-seropositive patients with CD4 cell counts > 100/mm3 compared with patients with counts > 100/mm3. The inability to detect gH antibody at a time of high risk for symptomatic CMV retinitis suggests that immune intervention with either gH-specific vaccine or passive immunotherapy may benefit HIV-infected persons at risk for symptomatic CMV disease.
 ...
PMID:Deficiency in antibody response to human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein gH in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients at risk for cytomegalovirus retinitis. 791 50

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with an increasing range of reactive and neoplastic lesions. There is a need for a sensitive and specific method for detecting latent EBV in routine histological sections. We report the use of a highly sensitive paraffin section RNA/RNA in situ hybridization (ISH) technique using digoxigenin-labelled antisense riboprobes for demonstrating EBV encoded small RNAs (EBERs), EBV gene products that are transcribed in abundance during latent EBV infection. We applied EBER-ISH to 846 paraffin embedded specimens, including cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (n = 28), infectious mononucleosis (16), Burkitt's lymphoma (44), immunodeficiency-associated lymphomas in transplant recipients (9) and AIDS patients (128), Hodgkin's disease (130), CD30 antigen positive lymphomas (106), peripheral T-cell lymphomas (104), sporadic B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (162), undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (86), salivary gland lymphoepithelioma (11), and oral hairy leukoplakia (5). Strong, reproducible EBER staining was seen in EBV latently infected cells in archival surgical biopsy and autopsy specimens. EBER-ISH is specific, has a sensitivity comparable to that of the polymerase chain reaction, and is now the method of choice for the in situ detection of latent EBV infection.
 ...
PMID:Detection of Epstein-Barr virus small RNAs in routine paraffin sections using non-isotopic RNA/RNA in situ hybridization. 798 72

We report a 5.9-year-old boy with X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) who presented with acute severe infectious mononucleosis. Clinical symptoms rapidly improved after chemotherapy with etoposide. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was performed after conditioning with etoposide, busulfan and cyclophosphamide. After successful hematopoietic recovery we were able to demonstrate seroconversion from an impaired antibody response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to a normal antibody-producing state in an immunocompetent child. The only post-transplant complication was mild acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Three years after BMT, the boy is healthy and shows no signs of immunodeficiency. This is the first report on successful allogeneic BMT in the severe course of acute infectious mononucleosis in a patient with XLP. We speculate that the application of etoposide contributed to the positive outcome in this patient.
 ...
PMID:Successful bone marrow transplantation in a boy with X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome and acute severe infectious mononucleosis. 805 18


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>