Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0021311 (Infection)
 38,178 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Infections of the intestinal tract with Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis are known the world over. Post-infection reactions like arthritis, erythema nodosum, erythema multiforme, scarlatiniform exanthemata and septicemic types deserve particular clinical attention. The clinical importance of enteric yersinioses has been shown in studies with the identification of significant antibody titers against Yersinia enterocolitis and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in 6.71 and 4.58% respectively of 4411 patients examined for the first time. It was possible to isolate Yersinia enterocolitica from 5.05% of 616 samples of stool and Yersinia pseudotubercolosis from 0.66% of 136 lymph nodes taken from 751 patients.
 ...
PMID:[Acute enteritis with "new" pathogens. Yersinia infections (author's transl)]. 10 84

In September and October, 1976, an outbreak of illness due to chocolate milk contaminated with Yersinia enterocolitica resulted in hospitalization of 36 children, 16 of whom had appendectomies. Infection with Y. enterocolitica serotype 0:8 was demonstrated in 38 ill persons. Sixty-one per cent of the persons who were infected had a titer greater than 1:160 OH agglutinins to serotype 8 yersinia, whereas 48 per cent of the hospitalized children had a fourfold change in agglutinin titer. An epidemiologic investigation demonstrated that illness was associated with drinking of chocolate milk purchased in school cafeterias, and Y. enterocolitica 0:8 was subsequently isolated from the milk. The investigation suggested that the bacterium was introduced at the dairy during the mixing by hand of chocolate syrup with previously pasteurized milk.
 ...
PMID:Epidemic Yersinia enterocolitica infection due to contaminated chocolate milk. 57 33

Infections due to biochemically typical Yersinia enterocolitica usually present as gastroenteritis, mesenteric lymphadenitis, terminal ileitis, and septicemia often with visceral abscesses. In these instances, the isolates have been biochemically typical and of well-established serotypes, namely 0:3 or 0:9 and, in the United States, 0:5 or 0:8. The recovery, recognition, and significance of biochemically and serologically atypical Y. enterocolitica in human infections has proceeded more slowly. From an analysis of the clinical histories of 20 patients infected with 21 such aberrant Y. enterocolitica, it appears that these strains are of restricted pathogenic potential, producing various clinical entities such as localized skin abscesses, conjunctivitis, self-limiting enteritis, and wound and urinary tract infections in hosts with predisposing factors. Epidemiologically, whereas episodic acquisition of atypical strains by hospitalized patients is indicative of nosocomial transmission, in the present series sporadic isolations over a 4-year period, mainly from ambulatory patients, suggest an occult reservoir in the community serviced by The Mount Sinai Hospital. In contrast to typical Y. enterocolitica, which has become well adapted in animal and human hosts, it appears that environmental strains may be in the evolutionary process of becoming adapted to humans.
 ...
PMID:Atypical Yersinia enterocolitica: clinical and epidemiological parameters. 67 Mar 80

The invasiveness of Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from the feces of children with diarrhea was assayed in cultured human epithelial (HEp-2) cells. Twenty-one of 24 strains were invasive under the test conditions. Infection with Y. enterocolitica was characterized clinically by exudative diarrhea in 11 cases. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes were demonstrated in the feces from all three cases of exudative diarrhea studied. The results suggest a correlation between enteroinvasiveness of Y. enterocolitica, presence of leukocytes in feces, and clinical exudative diarrhea.
 ...
PMID:In vitro invasiveness of Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from children with diarrhea. 71 22

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infections in two bacteriologically confirmed cases are described. A child was found to have mesenteric adenitis and an adult had septicemia. Invariably simulating acute appendicitis, mesenteric adenitis most often occurs in male children and adolescents. Septicemia with this organism usually affects elderly, debilitated patients, who frequently have chronic hepatic disease. The infrequent diagnosis of infection with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in the United States is probably due to failure to consider it a human pathogen. Currently classified with the Enterobacteriaceae, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in a non-lactose-fermenting, Gram-negative coccobacillus. It is sensitive to a wide range of antibiotics, including tetracycline and streptomycin, but usually is resistant to ampicillin. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis has a worldwide distribution in wild and domestic mammals and birds. Infections in man may result from direct contact with infected animals or their excreta.
 ...
PMID:Clinical and laboratory aspects of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infections, with a report of two cases. 77 44

Since Yersinia enterocolitica, now classified as a member of the Enterobacteriaceae, was recognized as a distinct species in 1964 it has been isolated with increasing frequency from man and animals (including dogs and pigs) and from some human foods. Y. enterocolitica infections are now seen as a cause for some concern in both human and veterinary medicine. The organism is commonly found in specimens from swine slaughterhouses and has been isolated from samples of market meat, vacuum-packed beef, mussels, oysters, and ice-cream. It has also been found in nonchlorinated well water used for drinking purposes. Infections in man therefore probably have an alimentary origin. Only 23 human infections were recorded in 1966 but the number increased to over 4000 in 1974. However, reported incidence is affected by growing awareness about the role of the organism in human and animal disease and by intensive laboratory analyses. While knowledge about the geographical distribution of Y. enterocolitica is still fragmentary it is clear that infections are very frequent in some parts of the world and probably common but unrecognized in many countries. The most common symptoms of Y. enterocolitica infections in man are fever, abdominal pain, and diarrhoea. In the USA most isolations in human infections were made from blood and mesenteric lymph node samples. The pathogenic mechanism is not known. In one experiment involving a human volunteer subject a dose of 3.5 x 10(9) organisms was required to produce an infection. Only recently has some success been obtained in establishing experimental infections in mice, guinea-pigs, rats, and rabbits. Laboratory cultivation techniques for Y. enterocolitica are described together with a table of minimal tests for characterizing the organism and two biotyping schema. Little is known about methods for controlling this disease, but environmental hygiene and sanitation with regard to food and water should apply.
 ...
PMID:Yersinia enterocolitica : a review of its role in food hygiene. 108 89

The concept of fertility problems is defined in the introduction and their economic importance in pig breeding are pointed out. The infectious causes of the problem are reviewed. Infections with L. tarassovi and with Aujezky's virus regularly lead to practically endemic abortions; Brucella suis and swine-plague infections do so sporadically. The SMEDI syndrom is considered. The clinical symptoms, diagnosis, epizootiology, and the therapeutical and prophylactic measures of these infections are discussed. In the case of brucellosis, attention is paid to the differential diagnosis in the serological examination. The incidence of Yersinia enterocolitica among the Dutch pig population is high. This micro-organism has antigen components in common with brucellae. In Holland the significance of infectious agents as the causes of sterility is not considered to be high.
 ...
PMID:[Fertility problems caused by infectious agents pigs in the Netherlands(author's transl)]. 117 35

Infections with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype III and Y. enterocolitica serotype O2,3 were found to be common in Australian sheep flocks. Transmission of Y. pseudotuberculosis occurred in late winter and early spring, while Y. enterocolitica transmission occurred from midwinter to early summer. Excretion of Y. pseudotuberculosis was limited to the winter and spring period and was particularly common in 1- and 2-year-old sheep. Infection persisted for up to 14 weeks. Y. pseudotuberculosis infection did not confer immunity to natural infection with Y. enterocolitica. Y. enterocolitica excretion occurred year-round, with the greatest prevalence being in summer and autumn. Infection persisted for up to 29 weeks. Sheep less than 1 year old were most commonly infected with Y. enterocolitica. Infection with either Y. pseudotuberculosis or Y. enterocolitica was rare in aged sheep. Restriction endonuclease analysis of Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype III from sheep, cattle, deer, and pigs showed that the bacterial isolates were genetically indistinguishable. Similarly, Y. enterocolitica isolates from sheep were indistinguishable from those isolated from goats and cattle.
 ...
PMID:Epidemiology of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Y. enterocolitica infections in sheep in Australia. 131 49

The effect of invasive bacteria on the release of proinflammatory mediators (oxygen radicals, leukotriene release) from human polymorphonuclear neutrophils was studied. Bacterial stimuli were used including genetically cloned invasive Yersinia enterocolitica strains 108-P (bearing the phagocytosis-resistance plasmid) and 108-C (plasmidless variant), Listeria monocytogenes [SLCC 5779 (inv-) and NCTC 7973 (inv+)] as well as an Escherichia coli K 12 strain (pRI 203) in which the inv gene of Y. pseudotuberculosis was cloned. When human polymorphonuclear granulocytes were studied as target cells the inv+ as well as the inv- strains were phagocytosed to a comparable amount with the exception of the L. monocytogenes strain (inv+). Among the invasive strains E. coli HB 101 (pRI 203) was the most active to trigger polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) for oxygen radical production. Preincubation of the cells with bacteria and subsequent stimulation with the Ca ionophore A23187 or opsonized zymosan suppressed the chemiluminescence response to a different degree. The various bacterial strains did not induce leukotriene release from endogenous arachidonic acid. Subsequent stimulation of the infected cells with Ca ionophore or opsonized zymosan led to an altered pattern of the combined amounts of leukotriene B4 (LTB4), 20-OH- and 20-COOH-LTB4 as well as the ratio of LTB4 versus 20-OH and 20-COOH-LTB4. Infection of the cells also reduced strain dependently the number of LTB4-receptor sites. Our data suggest that bacterial uptake modulates the inflammatory response of granulocytes (e.g. chemiluminescence response, leukotriene generation).
 ...
PMID:Modulation of leukotriene generation by invasive bacteria. 133 60

The IgA and IgG antibody response to plasmid-encoded outer membrane proteins was studied in 59 patients with yersinia-associated spondylarthropathy during 15 months of follow-up. Initially, all patients had specific IgA and IgG antibodies to the 36 and 46 kDa and 30% also to the 26 and 58 kDa released proteins, which correlated with the finding of virulent Yersinia bacilli in intestinal biopsies. IgA disappeared in 69% of untreated patients after nine months and persisted in 31% after one year. IgA disappeared within three to six months in 81% of the patients treated with antibiotics for four to six weeks and persisted in 6% after one year (p less than 0.002). IgG antibodies to the 36 and 46 kDa outer membrane proteins persisted in 80% of all patients. Disappearance of IgA was coupled with disappearance of yersinia from intestinal biopsies.
Infection
PMID:Influence of antibiotics on IgA and IgG response and persistence of Yersinia enterocolitica in patients with Yersinia-associated spondylarthropathy. 158 84


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>