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Query: UMLS:C0021311 (Infection)
 38,178 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tympanocentesis was performed in 32 pediatric patients with chronic recurrent suppurative otitis media. The aspirate was cultured aerobically and anaerobically. Aerobes were isolated from ten patients (31.2%); anaerobes from one patient; and both aerobes and anaerobes from 21 patients (65.6%). There were 46 aerobic isolates. The aerobes commonly recovered were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24 isolates) Proteus sp. (5) and Staphylococcus aureus (3). There were 32 anaerobes isolated including anaerobic gram-positive cocci (19 isolates) and Bacteroides sp., the latter of which included Bacteroides fragilis group and Bacteroides melaninogenicus (9). The patients were treated by parenteral carbenicillin 300 to 400 mg per kg per day given in four dosages administered for a period of 12 to 21 days (average 17 days). An aminoglycoside (gentamicin) was added in 15 patients. The clinical response was good in 17 patients and poor in 15. There were no side effects or adverse reactions noted during therapy. The above findings demonstrate the polymicrobial etiology of chronic recurrent suppurative otitis media and suggest that treatment directed against the aerobic and anaerobic isolates is efficacious in more than half of the cases.
Infection 1979
PMID:Anaerobic isolates in chronic recurrent suppurative otitis media. Treatment with carbenicillin alone and in combination with gentamicin. 4 11


Infection 1979
PMID:Studies on trimethoprim/sulphonamide developments. Proceedings of a Symposium. 19--23 September, 1978, Corfu, Greece. 4 12


Infection 1979
PMID:Studies on aminopenicillin developments. Proceedings of a symposium. 19--23 September, 1978. Corfu, Greece. 4 13

Infections represent a major problem in dialysis treatment, thus the dialyzing room should be kept abacterial as possible. We have installed 15-watt ultra-violet (U-V.) lamps for every 13.5 m2 on the ceiling for the purpose of the room disinfection and used them for 16 hours nightly after working hours. Bacteria were killed with over 10 hours irradiation even at the areas of low U-V. intensity where the irradiation may not be direct. This unexpected effectiveness might be from the influence of reflected rays and 03 produced. When half the lamps were turned on, the bacteriocidal effect was not sufficient in some areas. Any living organism with nucleic acids must be inactivated by this treatment, for the baceteriocidal effect is due to the nucleic acids injury. Furthermore, safety, readiness after the treatment, easy application and the negligible costs would make this method more advantageous to the other methods in room disinfection.
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PMID:Dialyzing room disinfection with ultra-violet irradiation. 4 59

Infection with N. gonorrhoeae stimulates the production of antibodies to many common, species-specific, and type-specific antigens. The L-antigen is an envelop antigen and antibodies to it could be demonstrated by various methods in more than 90% of the patients after the first 10 days of infection. Serologic tests are not yet available in the United States. If and when they become available, they may be recommended for: (1) Screening asymptomatic men and women, (2) Use as an adjunct diagnostic tool in cases of prostatitis, arthritis, disseminated gonococcal infection, and pelvic inflammatory disease, (3) Use (alone or in conjunction with culture) when specimens must be mailed to a central laboratory, when mailing conditions do not allow for incubation within 24-48 hr, or when proper media and qualified bacteriologists are not available.
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PMID:Serologic diagnosis of gonococcal infection. 4 12

A tick/rickettsial survey in various parts of Switzerland revealed the presence of a new, hitherto undescribed spotted fever group rickettsia ("Swiss agent") in up to 11.7% of I. ricinus collected off vegetation. Infection in ticks was found to be generalized with rickettsiae developing intracellularly and occasionally also intranuclearly. As a result of massive growth in ovarial tissues, including the germinative cells, the rate of transovarial and filial infection was 100%. The "Swiss agent" appears to be nonpathogenic for guinea pigs, domestic rabbits, and Swiss mice, but in male meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) it produces a microscopically detectable infection in the tunica vaginalis. The rickettsia grows well in tissue culture systems including chick embryo fibroblast, Vero, and vole tissue cells, when inoculated via yolk sac into 5-day-old hens' eggs, it kills 100% of the embryos after 5 to 7 days. Antigenic relatedness of the "Swiss agent" to rickettsiae of the spotted fever group was indicated by indirect and direct fluorescent antibody staining. Preliminary serologic typing by microimmunofluorescence and by microagglutination indicated that the "Swiss agent" differs from all prototype strains of spotted fever group rickettsiae studied so far.
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PMID:Ixodes ricinus: vector of a hitherto undescribed spotted fever group agent in Switzerland. 4

Macroconidia of Sporidesmium sclerotivorum, a mycoparasite of Sclerotinia spp., germinated after 3 days in soil adjacent to sclerotia of S. minor and on membrane filters placed on soil containing sclerotia. Germination increased with time up to 18 days and with concentration of sclerotia. Conidia as distant as 9 mm from single sclerotia germinated. Germination of conidia was maximum on a sclerotial agar medium in the range of pH 5 to pH 7. Cultivation of S. sclerotivorum parasitically on living sclerotia proceeded optimally in moist, fine quartz sand amended with 1 to 2% (w/w) sclerotia and 0.07% (w/w) CaCO3, at 25 degrees C. Infection of sclerotia in sand reached 100% by 5 weeks. Conidia production paralled infection resulting in logarithmic increase in numbers; a maximum of 3 x 10(5) to 4 x 10(5) conidia/g was reached in 6 to 12 weeks. Viability of air-dried sand-sclerotial cultures of S. sclerotivorum was reduced after 1 and 6 days, but viability was undiminished in air-dried soil. Sporidesmium sclerotivorum survived in moist and air-dried soils stored at room temperature for 15 months.
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PMID:Factors affecting germination, mycoparasitism, and survival of Sporidesmium sclerotivorum. 4 22


Infection 1979
PMID:[Bacterial infections and possibility of oral antibiotic therapy with cephaclor]. 4 86

A comparative study was conducted on the in vitro activity of cefaclor and other oral cephalosporins against a large number of freshly isolated clinical strains of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The activity of cefaclor against gram-positive pathogens is very similar to that of cephalexin. The action of cefaclor against Streptococcus pneumoniae is superior. Cefaclor is the most active antibiotic against strains of Haemophilus influenzae, and is also more active than cephalexin and cephradine against non-beta-lactamase producing strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species and Proteus mirabilis.
Infection 1979
PMID:[In vitro activity of cefaclor (author's transl)]. 4 87

Laboratory aspects of cefaclor, a new orally-effective cephalosporin antibiotic, are summarized. On the basis of data from a variety of studies, the useful antibacterial spectrum of cefaclor is shown to include all classes of bacteria that are generally susceptible to cephalothin and cephalexin. Cefaclor has a significant potency advantage over cephalexin against many Enterobacteriaceae, Haemophilus sp. and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Bacteria that are susceptible to cefaclor are killed by concentrations at or near the inhibitory concentration. In vitro enzymatic hydrolysis experiments have shown that cefaclor is a relatively good substrate for several beta-lactamases. Orally administered cefaclor is effective in protection of mice from the lethal effects of intraperitoneal challenges with cefaclor-susceptible bacteria. The chemical instability of cefaclor, test medium composition and inoculum density influence the results of in vitro susceptibility tests with cefaclor. Methods for routine susceptibility testing are described.
Infection 1979
PMID:Summary of laboratory studies on the antibacterial activity of cefaclor. 4 88


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