Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To define predictors of survival time in late human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease, long- and short-duration survivors were studied after their CD4+ T cells fell to </=50/mm3. Immune activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as measured by elevated cell surface expression of CD38 antigen, was strongly associated with shorter subsequent survival (P</=.002). The naive CD45RA+CD62L+ T cell reserve was low in all subjects and did not predict survival (P=.34 for CD4+ and.08 for CD8+ cells). Higher virus burden correlated with CD8+ but not CD4+ cell activation and, after correcting for multiple comparisons, was not associated with shorter survival (P=.02). All of the patients' viruses used CCR5, CXCR4, or both, and coreceptor usage did not predict survival (P=. 27). Through mechanisms apparently unrelated to higher virus burden, immune activation is a major determinant of survival in advanced HIV-1 disease.
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PMID:Shorter survival in advanced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection is more closely associated with T lymphocyte activation than with plasma virus burden or virus chemokine coreceptor usage. 2212 33

The aim of this study was to assess whether the density of CD38 antigen expression on CD8+ T cells can be used as a marker of activation of the immune system in Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1)-positive patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). T cell subsets, expression of CD38 antigen on CD8+T cells, HIV-1 viral load and stage of the disease were analyzed at baseline and after 12 months of HAART in 24 HIV-1-infected patients. Our data showed that the use of HAART is effective in reducing plasma viral load and in achieving a stable CD4+ count and percentage of CD8+/CD38+ cells. The percentages of CD8/CD38+ cells in HIV-1-infected patients at baseline and after 12 months of HAART were significantly higher than those of controls. Analysis of the density of CD38 expression revealed that it was due to CD8+/CD38+ subsets with low and medium density of antigen expression. Absolute number of CD4+ T cells correlated negatively with the percentage of CD8+/CD38+ cells at baseline of the study. Persistent up-regulation of the CD38 expression on CD8+ T cells and its correlation with the decreased CD4+ count despite the reduction of plasma viral load may reflect residual replication of HIV-1 in reservoirs. Thus, this immunological parameter can serve as a biological marker of HIV-1 infection and might have utility in clinical management of HIV-1-infected persons.
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PMID:Cd38 expression on Cd8+ T cells in Human immunodeficiency virus 1-positive adults treated with HAART. 1452 79

The infection with non-tuberculous mycobacterium correlates highly with immunodeficiency. Mycobacterium xenopi (M. xenopi) is most commonly isolated in the respiratory tract, as a cause of endogenous spondylodiscitis it occurs but rarely. Only seven such cases have been reported in literature. In this paper, we present the case of an about 28-year-old HIV-positive patient with a long history of back pain. MRI of the spinal column and Positron Emission Tomography with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose as a tracer (F18-FDG-PET) confirmed the suspected spondylodiscitis. After performing a CT-controlled abscess drainage the patient's condition improved. Because of the severe destruction of the spinal segment concerned and because of the epidural abscess formation a vertebrectomy of T10 and surgical debridement of the paravertebral soft tissue via thoracotomy became urgently necessary. The spine was stabilized by interposing a cage and an anterolateral monobar system. M. xenopi could be proven by PCR out of the intraoperative specimen. After operation and antituberculotic therapy there was a fast convalescence. Diagnostics, therapy, and clinical outcome are discussed.
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PMID:Spondylodiscitis caused by Mycobacterium xenopi. 1819 43


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