Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) is a complex primary immunodeficiency characterized by atopic dermatitis associated with extremely high serum IgE levels and susceptibility to infections with extracellular bacteria. Nonimmunological abnormalities, including a distinctive facial appearance, fracture following minor trauma, scoliosis, hyperextensive joints, and the retention of deciduous teeth are also observed in most patients. Recent studies have demonstrated that dominant-negative mutations in the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) gene result in the classical multisystem form of HIES, whereas a null mutation in the tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) gene causes an autosomal recessive HIES associated with viral and mycobacterial infections. In both patients, signal transduction for multiple cytokines, including IL-6 and IL-23, was defective, resulting in impaired T(H)17 function. These findings suggest that the defect in cytokine signaling constitutes the molecular basis for the immunological and nonimmunological abnormalities observed in HIES.
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PMID:Hyper-IgE syndrome. 1971 92

Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is necessary but not sufficient to cause Kaposi sarcoma (KS). Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), in the absence of antiretroviral suppressive therapy, drastically increases the risk of KS. Previously, we identified that HIV-1 transactivative transcription protein (Tat) was an important cofactor that activated lytic cycle replication of KSHV. Here, we further investigated the potential of Tat to influence tumorigenesis induced by KSHV Kaposin A, a product of KSHV that was encoded by the open reading frame K12 (a KSHV-transforming gene). By using colony formation in soft agar, (3)H-TdR incorporation, cell cycle, and microarray gene expression analyses, we demonstrated that Tat enhanced proliferation as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling induced by Kaposin A in NIH3T3 cells. Animal experiments further demonstrated that Tat accelerated tumorigenesis by Kaposin A in athymic nu/nu mice. Cells obtained from primary tumors of nude mice succeeded inducing tumors in immunocompetent mice. These data suggest that Tat can accelerate tumorigenesis induced by Kaposin A. Our data present the first line of evidence that Tat may participate in KS pathogenesis by collaborating with Kaposin A in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related KS (AIDS-KS) patients. Our data also suggest that the model for Kaposin and Tat-mediated oncogenesis will contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis of AIDS-KS at the molecular level and may even be important in exploring a novel therapeutic method for AIDS-KS.
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PMID:Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat accelerates Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus Kaposin A-mediated tumorigenesis of transformed fibroblasts in vitro as well as in nude and immunocompetent mice. 2001 35

The hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) is a rare primary immunodeficiency characterized by a highly elevated serum IgE, recurrent staphylococcal skin abscesses and cyst-forming pneumonia. Non-immunological abnormalities, including a distinctive facial appearance, hyperextensive joints, scoliosis, fracture following minor trauma, and the retention of primary teeth are also observed in many patients. Recently, it was shown that heterozygous mutations in signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), can cause autosomal-dominant HIES. Here we identify and characterize a novel mutation in the DNA-binding domain of STAT3 in a patient with hyper-IgE syndrome. Sequence analysis revealed a de novo heterozygous transition of a G-to-A, causing a substitution of a glycine residue for an aspartic acid in the translated sequence (G342D). The patient has normal levels of STAT3, which is able to translocate to the nucleus upon IL-6 stimulation. However, enzyme-linked DNA-protein interaction analysis showed that the G342D mutation affects the binding ability of STAT3 to target DNA sequences. In addition, as shown by qRT-PCR, the mutation abrogates the STAT3-dependent transcription of the retinoid-related orphan receptor gammat (ROR gammat) gene, an indispensable transcription factor for the commitment of naive CD4+ T cells to the Th17 lineage. These data suggest that the novel G342D mutation affects the binding of STAT3 on DNA and the STAT3-dependent expression of ROR gammat mRNA, leading to the HIES phenotype.
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PMID:A novel mutation in the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) gene, in hyper-IgE syndrome. 2014 60

Hyper-immunoglobulin E syndromes (HIES) including compound primary immunodeficiency and nonimmunological abnormalities are characterized by extremely high serum IgE levels, eosinophilia, eczema, susceptibility to infections, distinctive facial appearance, retention of deciduous teeth, cyst-forming pneumonias, and skeletal abnormalities. Itis reported that some cases of familial HIES are relative to autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance, but most cases are sporadic, and result from mutations in the human signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) gene. In this paper, we firstly report a young man diagnosed of Hyper-IgE syndrome with STAT3 mutation in Mainland China, and investigate the autosomal dominant trait of his family members.
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PMID:Hyper-IgE syndrome with STAT3 mutation: a case report in Mainland China. 2049 Feb 71

Autosomal-recessive hyper-IgE syndrome (AR-HIES) is a combined immunodeficiency recently found to be associated with mutations of DOCK8. Clinically, this disorder is characterized beside recurrent bacterial complications, in particular by an unusual susceptibility to extensive cutaneous viral complications and by a high risk for squamous cell carcinoma. Here, we report on lasting control over the disorder in two patients by hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Both patients were suffering from extensive long-lasting cutaneous viral complications, in particular from disfiguring molluscum contagiosum infections, when treated at the age of 10 and 17 years. Donors were matched unrelated, and conditioning was carried out with a combination of fludarabine, melphalan and BM-targeted radioimmunotherapy. Both patients developed stable, full donor cell chimerism, with the exception of persistent low-IgA serum levels and the exception of normal immune functions. Over the course of several months, cutaneous manifestations of viral disease resolved completely and both patients remain clinically well and free of infectious complications at 4 and 2 years, respectively, after transplantation. This represents the first report indicating HCT to be curative in patients with AR-HIES, which should be considered early before life-threatening complications develop, which include malignancies.
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PMID:Curative treatment of autosomal-recessive hyper-IgE syndrome by hematopoietic cell transplantation. 2062 10

Autosomal dominant hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES, or Job syndrome) is a rare primary immunodeficiency characterized by elevated immunoglobulin E (IgE), eosinophilia, recurrent skin and pulmonary infections, dermatitis, and connective tissue and skeletal abnormalities. A 26-year-old male with known HIES presented with abdominal pain and diarrhea. Imaging showed sigmoid diverticulitis without abscess or perforation. Conservative management with antibiotics failed, and he developed a peridiverticular abscess, which was percutaneously drained with plans for elective resection. He returned four days later with progression of his diverticulitis, requiring partial colectomy with primary anastomosis. To our knowledge, this is the first case of diverticulitis in HIES. Diverticulitis is rare in younger individuals, raising the possibility that the connective tissue abnormalities of HIES patients may predispose them to colonic diverticula. Although the majority of complications are sinopulmonary and skin infections, diverticulitis should be considered in the differential of intra-abdominal processes in HIES.
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PMID:Diverticulitis in a young man with hyper-IgE syndrome. 2103 22

Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (AD-HIES), characterised by eczema, increased susceptibility to skin and lung infections, elevated IgE and skeletal abnormalities is associated with heterozygous STAT3 mutations. The autosomal recessive variant (AR-HIES) has similar immunological findings but mainly lacks extraimmune manifestations. Several AR-HIES patients have recently been shown to harbour mutations in the gene for dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8). Here, we present the long-term outcome of a girl having received a hematopoietic stem cell graft for an at that time genetically undefined combined immunodeficiency associated with severe eczema, multiple food allergies, excessively elevated serum IgE levels and eosinophilia. She was recently found to carry a homozygous nonsense mutation in the DOCK8 gene. HSCT resulted in complete immunological correction, even though mixed donor chimerism occurred. Clinically, the outcome was characterised by disappearance of skin manifestations and severe infections, improvement of pulmonary function and constant decline of IgE levels. Outcome in untransplanted DOCK8 deficient patients is poor because of frequent life-threatening infections, CNS bleeding and infarction, and increased susceptibility to malignancy. This argues for early curative therapeutic approaches, supported by this report of successful long-term outcome after HSCT.
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PMID:Successful long-term correction of autosomal recessive hyper-IgE syndrome due to DOCK8 deficiency by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 2105 21

Autosomal dominant HIES (AD-HIES) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by dominant negative mutations in STAT3 clustered in the DNA binding and SH2 domains. Although in vitro differences in mutational constructs are observed, clinical phenotypic correlates of these genetic changes have not been described. We reviewed the charts of 65 AD-HIES patients (DNA binding n=35; SH2 n=30), recorded the components of the NIH HIES clinical scoring system as well as brain and coronary artery abnormalities and analyzed data by mutation region in adults and children. Patients with SH2 domain mutations had increased frequency of high palate, broad inter-alar distance, upper respiratory tract infections and, in the pediatric sub-group, significant scoliosis. There was suggestion of increased mortality for patients with DNA binding mutations. Although subtle differences in phenotype were observed to depend on the STAT3 genotype, overall the clinical phenotypes were similar between individuals with DNA binding and SH2 domain mutations.
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PMID:Paucity of genotype-phenotype correlations in STAT3 mutation positive Hyper IgE Syndrome (HIES). 2128 77

Hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome is an uncommon primary immunodeficiency characterized by high serum levels of total IgE, eczema-like dermatitis, recurrent skin abscesses and staphylococci pneumonias, which can produce abscesses with mild inflammatory signs. It also causes dental, musculoskeletal and connective tissue abnormalities. The classical (type 1) variation is caused by autosomal-dominant mutations in signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. An incomplete form (type 2) has been described with only the immunological manifestations, but without the mesenchymal manifestations, has been described. This incomplete form is caused by recessive mutations in the tyrosine kinase 2 gene. Both kinds of mutations produce deficient formation of Th17-cells. These advances in the genetic and immunologic knowledge of hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome have allowed a better clinical comprehension of the clinical phenomena of the disease.
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PMID:[Hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome: pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic management]. 2170 Feb 78

Loss of function of DOCK8 is the major cause of autosomal recessive hyper IgE syndrome, a primary immunodeficiency with adaptive and innate immune dysfunction. Patients affected with ARHIES have atopic dermatitis and recurrent, potentially life-threatening viral and bacterial infections. Three consanguineous Pakistani siblings presented with severe atopic dermatitis and superinfection. Direct sequencing of DOCK8 in all three affected siblings demonstrated homozygosity for a deleterious, novel exon 14 frame shift mutation. Current newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCID) and related T cell disorders relies on the quantitation of T Cell Receptor Excision Cells (TRECs) in dried blood spots (DBS). Significantly, both older affected siblings had undetectable TRECs, and TREC copy number was reduced in the youngest sibling. These findings suggest that AR-HIES may be detected by TREC newborn screening, and this diagnosis should be considered in the evaluation of newborns with abnormal TRECs who do not have typical SCID.
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PMID:Deficient T Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) in autosomal recessive hyper IgE syndrome caused by DOCK8 mutation: implications for pathogenesis and potential detection by newborn screening. 2187 21


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