Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a group of 37 haemophilics, 9 (24.3%) were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), while 9 (24.3%) and 10 (27%) were positive for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) respectively. Haemophilics who were HIV seropositive had higher prevalence of HBV and HCV. Seropositivity for HIV was more in patients with severe haemophilia A who required frequent factor VIII replacement. The need for long term surveillance of voluntary blood donors for transfusion associated viruses like HIV, HBV and HCV, is emphasized.
 ...
PMID:Sero-surveillance of transmissible hepatitis B & C viruses in asymptomatic HIV infection in haemophilics. 128 80

A multicenter prospective study was carried out to evaluate whether a vapor-heated factor VIII concentrate transmitted blood-borne viral infections over a surveillance period of 15 months. Thirty-five patients with hemophilia and von Willebrand disease who had never received any blood components were treated. Twenty-eight were analyzed and found not to have non-A, non-B hepatitis. Sera from 20 of these 28 patients were also tested for the antibody to the hepatitis C virus. None had sero-converted during the follow-up period. None of the patients analyzed developed markers of the hepatitis B virus (n = 17) or the human immunodeficiency virus (n = 31). This vapor-heated factor VIII concentrate carries a low risk of transmitting hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus infection.
 ...
PMID:Low risk of viral infection after administration of vapor-heated factor VIII concentrate. International Investigator Group. 131 76

It has been postulated that high-purity factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates, since they contain less alloantigenic proteins than intermediate-purity concentrates, might cause lesser deterioration of the immune systems of hemophilic patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). To evaluate this hypothesis, we have prospectively compared T-lymphocytes subsets and delayed hypersensitivity reactions to skin tests in 17 asymptomatic HIV-positive hemophiliacs randomly assigned to continue treatment with an intermediate-purity concentrate with those of 16 hemophiliacs changed to a high-purity concentrate. For both groups, during the 24-month follow-up period CD4 cell counts showed similar rates of fall from baseline values. There was also no difference in the number of patients anergic to skin tests. Three patients treated with the intermediate purity concentrate and one treated with the high-purity concentrate developed symptoms of HIV infection. On the whole, no striking benefit is conferred to the immune status of asymptomatic HIV-positive hemophiliacs by using this high-purity concentrate for 2 years.
 ...
PMID:Immune status of asymptomatic HIV-infected hemophiliacs: randomized, prospective, two-year comparison of treatment with a high-purity or an intermediate-purity factor VIII concentrate. 135 42

39 human immunodeficiency-virus-1 (HIV-1)-positive hemophiliacs who had been regularly treated with non-virus-inactivated intermediate-purity factor VIII concentrates were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of 21 patients with a CD4/CD8 cell ratio of less than 1.0 and group B of 18 patients with a CD4/CD8 cell ratio of greater than 1.0. All patients of group A were switched to a high-purity virus-inactivated factor VIII concentrate, whereas patients of group B continued to receive the intermediate-purity concentrate. There was no significant difference in the average decline of CD4 cells between the two groups during the observation period. 9 patients of group A and 4 patients of group B developed AIDS. 5 patients of group A but 11 patients of group B remained clinically asymptomatic. We conclude that the 15-fold increase in purity of the factor VIII concentrate had no apparent beneficial effect on the CD4 cell counts in this patient group.
 ...
PMID:Factor VIII concentrates in HIV-1-positive hemophiliacs--is pure better? 152 24

A study evaluating the risk of a commercial factor VIII (FVIII) concentrate's transmitting the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was carried out on hemophiliacs, by using multiple serological markers and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Twenty-nine hemophiliacs, negative for HIV antibodies, were treated for 18 months with a concentrate that had been inactivated by solvent-detergent. HIV-1 antibodies and antigen were assayed during the follow-up period. At the end of the study, all patients were also tested by the HIV 1 + 2 combined antibody assay; Western blot (WB) antibody analysis; and in eight cases, by an HIV-1 PCR technique. Patients received a yearly median FVIII dose of 35,330 IU (range 3,300-306,000); the median number of lots given to each patient was 6 (1-45). During the follow-up period and at the end of the study, HIV-1 antibodies and antigen were not detected in any of the subjects. The HIV 1 + 2 combined assay and WB analysis carried out only at the end of the study were negative. HIV-1 PCR was negative in all the tested patients. This study has shown that this solvent-detergent-treated FVIII concentrate did not transmit HIV.
 ...
PMID:Low risk of transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus by a solvent-detergent-treated commercial factor VIII concentrate. 158 69

To reduce the risk of pathogenic virus transmission associated with the therapeutic administration of plasma-derived anti-hemophilic factor (FVIIIc), a process utilizing anti-FVIIIc immunoaffinity chromatography to isolate FVIIIc has been developed. In addition, the starting cryoprecipitate solution has been treated with an organic solvent/detergent mixture to inactivate lipid-enveloped viruses. A final ion exchange chromatography step is used to further remove contaminants, e.g., anti-FVIIIc antibody, potentially leached with FVIIIc during the immunoaffinity step. The purified FVIII is stabilized for lyophilization and storage by the addition of human albumin. The monoclonal anti-FVIIIc antibody used in the immunoaffinity step of the process is not detectable in the final preparation. Viral reduction studies performed at specific steps of the process demonstrate that 11 logs of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and greater than 4-5 logs of other lipid-enveloped viruses are inactivated within the first 30 s of exposure to the solvent/detergent mixture and 4-5 logs of various model viruses, e.g. Endomyocarditis virus (EMC), are physically removed during washing of the immunoaffinity column. The lyophilized product is reconstituted using sterile water in a matter of seconds. The pharmacokinetics of Hemofil M were compared to those obtained using a standard heat-treated concentrate (Hemofil CT) in five severe factor VIII deficient hemophiliacs in a randomized, cross-over study. No statistically significant differences were observed in mean half life (p greater than 0.6) or median recovery (p = 0.4) between the two preparations. No clinically significant adverse effects were observed in patients receiving either FVIII preparation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Treatment of hemophilia A with a highly purified factor VIII concentrate prepared by anti-FVIIIc immunoaffinity chromatography. 161 78

A wide range of enveloped viruses, including human herpes simplex virus type 1, human cytomegalovirus, human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I, human immunodeficiency virus type 1, Sindbis virus, and Friend erythroleukemia virus, are highly susceptible to merocyanine 540 (MC 540)-sensitized photoinactivation. By contrast, human pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells, red cells, factor VIII, and von Willebrand factor are much less sensitive. This suggests that MC 540 may be useful for the inactivation of enveloped viruses in blood and blood products. The dye has a low acute systemic toxicity, is rapidly eliminated from the blood stream, and has little or no mutagenic potential. The currently available data support the view that MC 540-sensitized photo-inactivation interferes with early events in the infectious process, notably the ability of the virus to adhere to and penetrate its host cell. The viral envelope is a major target of photodynamic damages which appear to be mediated at least in part by singlet molecular oxygen.
 ...
PMID:Merocyanine-sensitized photoinactivation of enveloped viruses. 161 87

We present a patient with haemophilia A showing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and factor VIII inhibitor in whom a novel T-cell subpopulation, double-negative (CD4-CD8-) T cells bearing T-cell receptor (TCR)-alpha beta, proliferated polyclonally in the peripheral blood. An interleukin-2-dependent T-cell line with a CD4-CD8-TCR-alpha beta+ phenotype was established from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of the patient, and its biological functions were studied. It was found that the CD4-CD8-TCR-alpha beta+ T cells possessed both HLA-unrestricted cytotoxicity and helper function for immunoglobulin production by B cells. In addition, these T cells were found to produce interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 following activation via CD3-TCR complexes. These data demonstrating the multifunction of these newly defined CD4-CD8-TCR-alpha beta+ T cells thus suggest that these cells play an important role in protection against HIV infection. The mechanism of production of factor VIII inhibitor in the present case is also discussed focusing on the CD4-CD8-TCR-alpha beta+ T cells.
 ...
PMID:Proliferation of double-negative (CD4-CD8-) T cells bearing T-cell receptor-alpha beta in a haemophiliac with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and factor VIII inhibitor: functional properties of double-negative T-cell receptor-alpha beta+ T cells. 166 Nov 24

A device was designed to deliver a constant source of given concentrations of ozone to fluids containing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Ozone was found to inactivate HIV-1 virions in a dose-dependent manner. Greater than 11 log inactivation was achieved within 2 hours at a concentration of 1,200 ppm ozone. Similar concentrations of ozone had minimal effect on factor VIII activity in both plasma and immunoaffinity-purified preparations of factor VIII treated for the same time period. The data indicate that the antiviral effects of ozone include viral particle disruption, reverse transcriptase inactivation, and/or a perturbation of the ability of the virus to bind to its receptor on target cells. Ozone treatment offers promise as a means to inactivate human retroviruses in human body fluids and blood product preparations.
 ...
PMID:Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by ozone in vitro. 171 74

Eleven cases of severe type hemophiliacs who had received long-term factor VIII injections were tested for the serological markers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus (HCV). The period of factor VIII concentrate injections ranged from 2 to 32 years. The seropositive rates of HIV and HCV were 9/11(82%) and 11/11(100%), respectively. The seropositive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen was only 1/11(9%), while the seropositive rates of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen were 9/11(82%) and 7/11(64%), respectively, Although the patients had no symptoms related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, they were noted to have inverted helper/suppressor T-lymphocyte ratio, suggesting that hemophiliacs with long-term factor VIII injections have a high incidence of HIV and HCV infection, with immunological aberration.
 ...
PMID:HIV, HBV and HCV seropositivity in hemophiliacs. 172 73


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>