Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

RNA helicase plays an important role in host mRNA and viral mRNA transcription, transport, and translation. Many viruses utilize RNA helicases in their life cycle, while human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) does not encode an RNA helicase. Thus, host RNA helicase has been involved in HIV-1 replication. Indeed, DDX1 and DDX3 DEAD-box RNA helicases are known to be required for efficient HIV-1 Rev-dependent RNA export. However, it remains unclear whether distinct DDX RNA helicases cross-talk and cooperate to modulate the HIV-1 Rev function. In this study, we noticed that distinct DDX RNA helicases, including DDX1, DDX3, DDX5, DDX17, DDX21, DDX56, except DDX6, bound to the Rev protein and they colocalized with Rev in nucleolus or nucleus. In this context, these DEAD-box RNA helicases except DDX6 markedly enhanced the HIV-1 Rev-dependent RNA export. Furthermore, DDX3 interacted with DDX5 and synergistically enhanced the Rev function. As well, combination of other distinct DDX RNA helicases cooperated to stimulate the Rev function. Altogether, these results suggest that distinct DDX DEAD-box RNA helicases cooperate to modulate the HIV-1 Rev function.
 ...
PMID:Distinct DDX DEAD-box RNA helicases cooperate to modulate the HIV-1 Rev function. 2360 57

RNA helicases are a large family of proteins that rearrange RNA structures and remodel ribonucleic protein complexes using energy derived from hydrolysis of nucleotide triphosphates. They have been shown to participate in every step of RNA metabolism. In the past decade, an increasing number of helicases were shown to promote or inhibit the replication of different viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Among these helicases, the DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX17 was recently reported to modulate HIV-1 RNA stability and export. In this study, we further show that the helicase activity of DDX17 is required for the production of infectious HIV-1 particles. Over expression of the DDX17 mutant DQAD in HEK293 cells reduces the amount of packaged viral genomic RNA and diminishes HIV-1 Gag-Pol frameshift. Altogether, these data demonstrate that DDX17 promotes the production of HIV-1 infectious particles by modulating HIV-1 RNA metabolism.
 ...
PMID:DDX17 promotes the production of infectious HIV-1 particles through modulating viral RNA packaging and translation frameshift. 2376 41

Host RNA helicase has been involved in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication, since HIV-1 does not encode an RNA helicase. Indeed, DDX1 and DDX3 DEAD-box RNA helicases are known to be required for efficient HIV-1 Rev-dependent RNA export. However, it remains unclear whether DDX RNA helicases modulate the HIV-1 Tat function. In this study, we demonstrate, for the first time, that DDX3 is required for the HIV-1 Tat function. Notably, DDX3 colocalized and interacted with HIV-1 Tat in cytoplasmic foci. Indeed, DDX3 localized in the cytoplasmic foci P-bodies or stress granules under stress condition after the treatment with arsenite. Importantly, only DDX3 enhanced the Tat function, while various distinct DEAD-box RNA helicases including DDX1, DDX3, DDX5, DDX17, DDX21, and DDX56, stimulated the HIV-1 Rev-dependent RNA export function, indicating a specific role of DDX3 in Tat function. Indeed, the ATPase-dependent RNA helicase activity of DDX3 seemed to be required for the Tat function as well as the colocalization with Tat. Furthermore, the combination of DDX3 with other distinct DDX RNA helicases cooperated to stimulate the Rev but not Tat function. Thus, DDX3 seems to interact with the HIV-1 Tat and facilitate the Tat function.
 ...
PMID:DDX3 RNA helicase is required for HIV-1 Tat function. 2418 23

Central to the development of new treatments for human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) is a more thorough understanding of the viral life cycle and the cellular cofactors upon which this depends. Targeting cellular proteins and their interaction with HIV-1 has the potential to reduce the problem of emerging viral resistance to drugs as mutational escape is more difficult. We performed a short interfering RNA (siRNA) library screen targeting 59 cellular RNA helicases, assessing the effect on both viral capsid protein production and infectious virion formation. Five RNA helicases were identified which, when knocked down, reproducibly decreased infectious particle production: DDX5, DDX10, DDX17, DDX28 and DDX52. Two of these proteins (DDX5 and DDX17) have known roles in HIV-1 replication. A further helicase (DDX10) was a positive hit from a previous genome-wide siRNA screen; however, DDX28 and DDX52 have not previously been implicated as essential cofactors for HIV-1.
...
PMID:Identification of RNA helicases in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) replication - a targeted small interfering RNA library screen using pseudotyped and WT HIV-1. 2570 21