Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In metazoans, the nuclear export of bulk mRNAs is mediated by the export receptor TAP, together with its binding partner p15. A number of viral mRNAs, including the unspliced and partially spliced mRNA species of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), however, use an alternative export route via the importin beta-related export receptor CRM1. This raises the question of whether a subset of cellular mRNAs might be exported by CRM1 as well. To identify such mRNAs, we performed a systematic screen in different cell lines, using representational difference analyses of cDNA (cDNA-RDA). In HeLa and Cl-4 cells no cellular transcripts could be identified as exported via CRM1. In contrast, we found a number of CRM1-dependent mRNAs in Jurkat T cells, most of which are induced during a T cell response. One of the identified gene products, the dendritic cell marker CD83, was analyzed in detail. CD83 expression depends on a functional CRM1 pathway in activated Jurkat T cells as well as in a heterologous expression system, independent of activation. Our results point to an important role of the CRM1-dependent export pathway for the expression of CD83 and other genes under conditions of T cell activation.
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PMID:Stimulated expression of mRNAs in activated T cells depends on a functional CRM1 nuclear export pathway. 1658 Jun 84

Castleman disease (CD) is widely regarded as a non-neoplastic process, yet clonal cytogenetic abnormalities have been rarely reported and are restricted to the hyaline-vascular variant. It remains unclear whether this reflects true rarity in such tumors - the fact that such cases are not routinely submitted for cytogenetic studies, or that suspension culture techniques are erroneously used rather than in situ cultures. We report a localized plasma cell variant of CD (PC-CD) with clonal abnormalities. A human immunodeficiency virus-negative 35-year-old man sought care for vague abdominal pain and was found to have an isolated 6-cm mesenteric mass. PC-CD was diagnosed by integrating clinical, laboratory, morphologic, and immunophenotypic studies. Flow cytometric, immunohistochemical, and molecular IGH@ gene rearrangement studies were all negative for a clonal B or plasma cell population. A cytogenetic in situ culture analysis revealed an abnormal karyotype: 46,XY,add(6)(p23),add(7)(p15),del(7)(p15),add(9)(q22)[4]/46,XY,inv(9)(p13q22)[2]/46,XY,-3,+r[2]/46,XY[3]. A cytogenetic suspension culture showed a normal karyotype. On the basis of the morphologic and immunophenotypic features, these genetic changes are attributed to the non-lymphoid cells, most probably of stromal, dendritic, or endothelial origin. Because the pathogenesis of PC-CD is not thought to typically involve the proliferation of these cell types, this is a new and unexpected finding and may provide pathogenetic insight.
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PMID:Clonal cytogenetic abnormalities in the plasma cell variant of Castleman disease. 2176 29

Objectives Recently, two point-of-care (PoC) feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) antibody test kits (Witness and Anigen Rapid) were reported as being able to differentiate FIV-vaccinated from FIV-infected cats at a single time point, irrespective of the gap between testing and last vaccination (0-7 years). The aim of the current study was to investigate systematically anti-FIV antibody production over time in response to the recommended primary FIV vaccination series. Methods First, residual plasma from the original study was tested using a laboratory-based ELISA to determine whether negative results with PoC testing were due to reduced as opposed to absent antibodies to gp40. Second, a prospective study was performed using immunologically naive client-owned kittens and cats given a primary FIV vaccination series using a commercially available inactivated whole cell/inactivated whole virus vaccine (Fel-O-Vax FIV, three subcutaneous injections at 4 week intervals) and tested systematically (up to 11 times) over 6 months, using four commercially available PoC FIV antibody kits (SNAP FIV/FeLV Combo [detects antibodies to p15/p24], Witness FeLV/FIV [gp40], Anigen Rapid FIV/FeLV [p24/gp40] and VetScan FeLV/FIV Rapid [p24]). Results The laboratory-based ELISA showed cats from the original study vaccinated within the previous 0-15 months had detectable levels of antibodies to gp40, despite testing negative with two kits that use gp40 as a capture antigen (Witness and Anigen Rapid kits). The prospective study showed that antibody testing with SNAP Combo and VetScan Rapid was positive in all cats 2 weeks after the second primary FIV vaccination, and remained positive for the duration of the study (12/12 and 10/12 cats positive, respectively). Antibody testing with Witness and Anigen Rapid was also positive in a high proportion of cats 2 weeks after the second primary FIV vaccination (8/12 and 7/12, respectively), but antibody levels declined below the level of detection in most cats (10/12) by 1 month after the third (final) primary FIV vaccination. All cats tested negative using Witness and Anigen Rapid 6 months after the third primary FIV vaccination. Conclusions and relevance This study has shown that a primary course of FIV vaccination does not interfere with FIV antibody testing in cats using Witness and Anigen Rapid, provided primary vaccination has not occurred within the previous 6 months. Consequently, Witness and Anigen Rapid antibody test kits can be used reliably to determine FIV infection status at the time of annual booster FIV vaccination to help detect 'vaccine breakthroughs' and in cats that have not received a primary course of FIV vaccination within the preceding 6 months. The duration of antibody response following annual booster FIV vaccination and the resulting effect on antibody testing using PoC kits needs to be determined by further research. The mechanism(s) for the variation in FIV antibody test kit performance remains unclear.
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PMID:Duration of antibody response following vaccination against feline immunodeficiency virus. 2777 18


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