Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) nucleocapsid protein p15 was produced as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase (GST) in Escherichia coli. Rapid purification of GST::p15 in an active form by one-step glutathione-agarose chromatography was accomplished in the presence of an antioxidant. Recombinant p15 fused to GST was shown to stimulate the dimerization of viral RNA. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase-catalyzed in vitro synthesis of minus-strand cDNA from synthetic human tRNA(Lys3UUU) and natural bovine tRNA(Lys3SUU) primer molecules was enhanced by GST::p15. GST produced in E.coli revealed no effect with respect to RNA dimerization and cDNA synthesis, demonstrating that both activities reside in the p15 portion of the fusion protein.
 ...
PMID:Recombinant HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein p15 produced as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase in Escherichia coli mediates dimerization and enhances reverse transcription of retroviral RNA. 128 Feb 40

Sera from cats with naturally acquired and experimentally induced feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infections were tested by immunoblot analysis, radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA), and a complex trapping/blocking ELISA. In sequentially obtained samples from experimentally inoculated cats, antibodies against the envelope protein gp120 and the core protein p15 were the first to appear, as indicated by results of RIPA, using lysates of FIV-infected lymphocytes. Antibodies could be detected as early as 2 weeks after infection, followed by a response against p24, p43, and p50. By immunoblot analysis, p24 and p15 were the first proteins detectable between postinoculation weeks 3 and 5; an anti-envelope response was never found by use of this assay, but was found by RIPA. Using the latter test, most sera of naturally infected cats were found to recognize the major core protein p24 in addition to 1 or more minor core proteins. All 40 sera tested precipitated the envelope protein; 3 reacted exclusively with it. A complex trapping/blocking ELISA was developed to quantitate the anti-p24 response. Sera from healthy FIV-infected cats were shown to have higher anti-p24 titer than did those from diseased cats.
 ...
PMID:Humoral immune response to feline immunodeficiency virus in cats with experimentally induced and naturally acquired infections. 132 26

This study was designed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the particle agglutination test (PA) for antibody detection and to determine whether it is possible to use this test as a screening routine for anti-human immunodeficiency virus type I antibodies instead of the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum samples were collected from 5,142 subjects and tested with the above two tests. A total of 83 samples were observed to be ELISA-positive. However, only 36 were found to be seropositive by the PA test. These samples were then confirmed by the Western blot analysis and 28 were positive for HIV-1, 33 were negative and 22 gave indeterminate results. The most common indeterminate band was p15/17 and the p24 band came next. The sensitivity and specificity of the PA test were 100% and 99.9%. The results indicate that the PA test is not only a convenient technique but also has a high sensitivity and specificity. It can be used as a primary screening test for antibody against HIV-1 instead of the ELISA.
 ...
PMID:Detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) with the particle agglutination test. 132 79

Lion sera from the Kruger National Park (KNP) dating back to 1977 and from the Etosha National Park (ENP), obtained from 1989 to 1991, have been analysed by ELISA and Western blot analyses using a genetically engineered antigen representing the p24 structural protein of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). It was concluded that some 83% of 98 KNP lion sera reacted with the p24 antigen, while none of 28 ENP lion sera reacted. A few other KNP felids (cheetahs and genets) gave samples that did not react with the FIV p24 antigen. For the KNP lions, apart from a lower prevalence in cubs (50%), no particular trends were demonstrated in terms of age, sex, date or origins of the samples. In Western blot and radio-immunoprecipitation analyses the lion sera reacted with the engineered p24 antigen, as well as with the p15 and p24 gag proteins and the p50 gag precursor protein from FIV, indicating that the agent is probably a lentivirus related to FIV. The ELISA with the engineered p24 antigen required less serum and appears to be more sensitive at detecting FIV-reactive antibodies than assays with available commercial kits.
 ...
PMID:Incidence of feline immunodeficiency virus reactive antibodies in free-ranging lions of the Kruger National Park and the Etosha National Park in southern Africa detected by recombinant FIV p24 antigen. 133 77

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been implicated as the etiologic agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and is a member of the sub-family Lentivirinae within the family Retroviridae. HIV type 1 (HIV-1) contains three major genes, gag, pol and env, which code for (1) core proteins, (2) a protease, reverse transcriptase and integrase, and (3) envelope glycoproteins, respectively. The core proteins p17, p24 and p15 are derived from gag precursor, p55, by endoproteolytic cleavage. The two nucleic-acid-binding proteins p7 and p9 are synthesized from p15 by proteolytic cleavage. These two structural proteins are apparently needed for the ribonucleoprotein-core formation. The envelope glycoproteins gp120 and gp41 (gp120-gp41 complex) are also generated by cleavage env precursors, gp160. The assembly of HIV-1 particles, like other retroviruses, appears to involve the association of the env precursor gp160 with the gag proteins. There are several factors which influence the assembly and budding process of HIV-1. In this article, we describe important events in HIV-1 morphogenesis and factors which influence this aspect of the HIV-1 life cycle.
 ...
PMID:Morphogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. 138 14

A simple method for the overproduction in Escherichia coli and purification of major core protein p24 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was described. The gag-pol region encoding p24, p15, and protease was fused to 3' end of lacZ gene on plasmid. A LacZ-Gag fusion protein, the major primary product, is designed to be cleaved by the HIV-1 protease coexpressed through frameshifting. In fact, p24 and its immediate precursor, p25, were produced in the cells grown at 25C, but not at 37C. When the gag and pol frames were fused in-frame to express the protease without frameshifting, the main product, a LacZ-Gag-Pol fusion protein, was efficiently processed to give p24 exclusively both at 37C and 25C, suggesting more efficient expression of the protease. Recombinant p24 was purified to near homogeneity by a simple three-step procedure. The amino-terminal sequence of the recombinant p24 was the same as that of p24 deduced from nucleotide sequence, indicating that correct processing occurred in E. coli by the coexpressed protease. The method described here provides a means to obtain a large amount of highly pure p24, which is useful for crystallographic and functional studies, preparation of specific antibody, and diagnostic and prognostic uses.
 ...
PMID:A simple method for overproduction and purification of p24 Gag protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. 147 33

High sequence variability in the envelope gene of human immunodeficiency virus has provoked interest in nonenvelope antigens as potential immunogens against retrovirus infection. However, the role of core protein antigens encoded by the gag gene in protective immunity against retroviruses is unclear. By using recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the Friend murine leukemia helper virus (F-MuLV) gag gene, we could prime CD4+ T-helper cells and protectively immunize susceptible strains of mice against Friend retrovirus infection. Recovery from leukemic splenomegaly developed more slowly after immunization with vaccinia virus-F-MuLV gag than with vaccinia virus-F-MuLV env; however, genetic nonresponders to the envelope protein could be partially protected with Gag vaccines. Class switching of F-MuLV-neutralizing antibodies from immunoglobulin M to immunoglobulin G after challenge with Friend virus complex was facilitated in mice immunized with the Gag antigen. Sequential deletion of the gag gene revealed that the major protective epitope was located on the N-terminal hydrophobic protein p15.
 ...
PMID:Protection against Friend retrovirus-induced leukemia by recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the gag gene. 153 53

The configuration of the MYC gene in diffuse large cell lymphomas (DLCL) with translocations involving band 8q24 [t(8q24)] has not been systematically studied. We collected cytogenetic and clinical data on 171 consecutive cases of DLCL, including cleaved, noncleaved, and immunoblastic types, of which 96 had DNA available and 124 had abnormal karyotypes. The cases with DNA available were evaluated for MYC rearrangement (MYC-R) by Southern hybridization of EcoRI-digested tumor DNA using an exon-1 probe, a combination of probe and enzyme known to detect over 85% of breaks in sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma. In cases studied at diagnosis, MYC-R, t(8;14)(q24;q32), or other t(8q24) were not prognostically significant. Among the 124 cases with karyotypic abnormalities, seropositivity for human immunodeficiency virus was significantly more common in cases with a t(8q24) (72%) than in cases without it (9%) (P less than .05). Of the four cases with an MYC -R, two had a t(8;14), one had a t(7;8;14)(p15;q24;q32), and one had a t(8;?)(q24;?) and a del(8)(q24). In the three previous cases with translocations involving 8q24 and 14q32, comigration of the rearranged MYC band with either the J region or the switch-mu region of the Ig heavy chain gene could not be demonstrated, leaving the 14q32 breakpoint undefined at the molecular level. Among the remaining 72 cases where both an abnormal karyotype and molecular data were available, 11 had a t(8q24), either t(8;14) or t(8;22)(q24;q11), in the absence of an MYC-R. In these cases, the 8q24 break was presumably located outside of the EcoRI MYC fragment. All 15 cases with a t(8q24) were also screened for point mutations in the PvuII site in the first exon of MYC; two cases that were not MYC-R showed loss of this restriction site. These results indicate that in most DLCL with t(8;14) or other t(8q24), the 8q24 breakpoint lies away from the MYC gene; in a minority of these cases, point mutations in regulatory noncoding regions were detected.
 ...
PMID:MYC rearrangement and translocations involving band 8q24 in diffuse large cell lymphomas. 167 47

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) grown in cat lymphocyte and thymocyte cultures was labelled with L-[35S]methionine or [3H]glucosamine and virus-coded proteins were identified using immunoprecipitation. Polypeptides with apparent Mr values of 15K, 24K, 43K, 50K, 120K and 160K were detected. An additional polypeptide of 10K was detected by Western blot analysis. The two highest Mr species sometimes appeared as one band, of which only the 120K polypeptide was glycosylated. In the presence of tunicamycin gp120 was no longer detectable and a non-glycosylated precursor of 75K was found instead. Pulse-chase experiments suggested that the smaller polypeptides p24 and p15 are cleavage products of both p160 and p50. Western blot analysis using a rabbit serum directed against p26 of equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV) and an anti-EIAV horse serum from a field case of infection revealed a cross-reactivity with p24 of FIV. Cat sera collected late after experimental FIV infection recognized p26 of EIAV, indicating a reciprocal cross-reactivity.
 ...
PMID:Intracellular proteins of feline immunodeficiency virus and their antigenic relationship with equine infectious anaemia virus proteins. 169 Feb 64

Thirty-two hybridoma clones producing monoclonal antibody (MAb) against HIV-2[GH-1] were established from mice immunized with NP-40-disrupted purified whole virus of a Ghanaian isolate of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2), strain HIV-2[GH-1]. Of these 32 MAbs, 20 reacted with p26 and the other MAbs recognized p15 of the HIV-2[GH-1] isolate. From the results of serological characterization by these MAbs, p26 and p15 were identified as capsid proteins and matrix protein, respectively, of HIV-2[GH-1] gag products. In addition to two gag proteins, a 55-kD protein corresponding to the primary translational product of gag gene and 39-kD protein corresponding to an intermediate product of cleavage of p55 were recognized by these MAbs in the lysate of HIV-2[GH-1]-infected cells. Moreover, these MAbs were used to analyze the number of antigenic epitopes on p26 and p15 of HIV-2[GH-1] isolate. The results of cross-reactivity with different HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) isolates and competitive binding assay suggest that there are at least four and five antigenic epitopes in p26 and p15, respectively, of the HIV-2[GH-1] isolate. The biological activity of MAbs was studied by performing syncytium inhibition assay and infection inhibition assays. However, our MAbs could not inhibit syncytium formation and infection by cell-free virus.
 ...
PMID:Multiple antigenic epitopes expressed on gag proteins, p26 and p15, of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 2 as defined with a library of monoclonal antibodies. 169 78


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>