Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Both naive and vaccinated macaques acquired a virus-specific proliferative helper T-cell reactivity in response to infection with the nonpathogenic human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2). In contrast, macaques infected with the pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus of the macaque strain (SIVmac) did not develop a helper T-cell response. Furthermore, a vaccine-induced preexisting T-cell reactivity was abrogated after SIVmac infection in vaccine failures. These differences may reflect the different pathogenicity of the two closely related viruses.
J Med Primatol 1994 Jul
PMID:Early helper T-cell dysfunction in simian immunodeficiency virus but not in human immunodeficiency virus type-2-infected macaques. 786 58

This study reports the prevalence of simian immunodeficiency virus and the relationship of serostatus to age and sex among a wild population of Ethiopian grivet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops aethiops). Seropositivity paralleled patterns of sexual activity, being nearly universal in females of reproductive age, and absent in all males except those that were fully adult. One female seroconverted between two capture seasons at an age consistent with first breeding. Our findings support a predominantly sexual mode of transmission among SIVagm infected grivets.
J Med Primatol 1994 Jan
PMID:Sexual transmission of SIVagm in wild grivet monkeys. 793 33

Spontaneous lymphosarcoma, likely of renal origin, was diagnosed in a naive, juvenile, male cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Histologically, renal architecture was effaced by dense infiltrating sheets of plump cells with indistinct borders and scant amphophilic cytoplasm. Mitoses were uncommon. Similar neoplastic infiltrates were also present in the right renal cortex, one adrenal medulla, the prostate, seminal vesicles, myocardium, and the pulmonary interstitium. Serological tests were negative for infection with Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV), Simian T-Lymphotropic Virus-1 (STLV-1), and Simian Retrovirus-5.
J Med Primatol 1994 Jan
PMID:Spontaneous renal lymphosarcoma in a juvenile cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). 793 41

Monkeys infected rectally with low dose simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) were resistant to high dose challenge with SIV. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from two of four challenged monkeys were unable to support SIV replication in vitro unless cultures were depleted of CD8+ lymphocytes. Monkeys that had survived high dose rectal infection with SIV also suppressed virus replication in cultured PBMC. PBMC from uninfected monkeys supported virus replication in both unfractionated and CD8-depleted cultures. Virus-suppressive activity of PBMC may be an important correlate of protective immunity in AIDS.
J Med Primatol
PMID:Cellular immune responses in rhesus macaques infected rectally with low dose simian immunodeficiency virus. 796 26

The exposure of human or rhesus monkey peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to interleukin 2 (IL-2) in vitro resulted in a selective outgrowth of gamma delta lymphocytes. Using positive selection by monoclonal antibodies and magnetic beads, gamma delta T lymphocytes were isolated from these cultures. Without priming by viral antigens, the purified gamma delta T lymphocytes lyse immunodeficiency virus-infected cells substantially better than the uninfected counterparts.
J Med Primatol
PMID:Antiviral activity of primate gamma delta T lymphocytes isolated by magnetic cell sorting. 796 27

A variant simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) from sooty mangabeys, SIVsmmPBj, induces an acutely lethal disease in pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina). This study further characterizes the viral genetic determinants involved in this acutely lethal disease. We have generated chimeric molecular clones constructed between SIVsmmPBj and either SIVsmH4 or SIVsmm9 to analyze the role of the 5' half of the genome and the envelope gene in the induction of acute disease. These studies suggest that the gag and gp40 of SIVsmmPBj are required for the development of lethal disease, and an additional determinant in the central regulatory gene region of the SIVsmmPBj genome is also required.
J Med Primatol
PMID:Viral genetic determinants in SIVsmmPBj pathogenesis. 796 28

The possible physical association of heat shock proteins (Hsp's) with immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV) has been examined. The virions were purified by a) polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation and Sepharose 4B filtration, b) PEG precipitation and centrifugation over a Renografin gradient, or c) PEG precipitation and Matrex Cellufine Sulfate affinity chromatography. Western blotting revealed an Hsp60 related protein associated with HIV and SIV. Other Hsp's (such as Hsp70) were not detected, suggesting a specific interaction between Hsp60 and viral factors.
J Med Primatol
PMID:An Hsp60 related protein is associated with purified HIV and SIV. 796 30

The antiretroviral drugs azidothymidine (AZT) and 9-(-2-phosphonyl-methoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA) were individually tested for prevention of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmne) infection in macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Macaques were pretreated with either drug before inoculation with SIVmne, and drug treatment was continued for four weeks. The virus, antibody, and clinical status of the macaques was monitored for up to 36 weeks following inoculation. While AZT prophylaxis resulted in reduced virus load in some macaques, PMEA prophylaxis was highly efficacious in preventing acute SIVmne infection.
J Med Primatol
PMID:Comparison of the efficacy of AZT and PMEA treatment against acute SIVmne infection in macaques. 796 33

Twenty-one cynomolgus monkeys were immunized with whole inactivated HIV-2 preparations administered with various adjuvants (incomplete Freund's adjuvant, Alum, Ribi, MDP, or Iscoms) and challenged with 10 or 100 MID50 of a homologous monkey-cell grown, cell-free HIV-2. Seven animals were completely protected against infection, three showed reduced virus replication. The vaccines elicited neutralizing and ADCC antibodies; the titers did not correlate with protection. Immunization with a whole inactivated vaccine can protect primates from intravenous challenge with a monkey-cell grown cell-free human immunodeficiency virus type 2.
J Med Primatol
PMID:Efficacy of inactivated whole HIV-2 vaccines with various adjuvants in cynomolgus monkeys. 796 39

An effective AIDS vaccine must protect against sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Therefore, vaccine regimens which stimulate antiviral immunity in the genital tract as well as in peripheral blood and systemic lymphoid tissues are needed. Here, we describe a method of immunization by direct inoculation of the vaginal submucosa with a live attenuated SIV, SIVmac1A11. Immunization by this route generated low levels of SIV-specific IgG and IgA antibodies in serum and vaginal secretions and viral specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity in peripheral blood.
J Med Primatol
PMID:Mucosal immunization with a live, virulence-attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) vaccine elicits antiviral cytotoxic T lymphocytes and antibodies in rhesus macaques. 796 40


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