Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The reproducibility of a simplified, sensitive and rapid agarose-cell droplet assay for leucocyte migration inhibition factor (LIF) activity was studied. Removal of T cells with anti-T-cell serum eliminated LIF activity, indicating that in humans it is probably the T cell that produces LIF. Cord blood lymphocytes produce LIF, although spontaneous migration of leucocytes is less than in older children. The cause of this apparently does not reside in the PMN leucocytes. Studies of children with immunodeficiency suggest that the T-cell population in humans is heterogenous. B-cell deficiencies such as hypogammaglobulinaemia, have normal PPD and PHA induced LIF production, whilst some patients with ataxia-telangiectasia have defective PPD LIF activity, their PHA LIF activity being only minimally depressed. On the other hand, Down's syndrome patients with reduced blood T cells have remarkably deficient LIF activity to PHA and relatively good activity to PPD. Children receiving steroid therapy lose much of their ability to produce LIF to the specific antigen PPD, but not to the non-specific mitogen PHA.
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PMID:Leucocyte migration inhibition factor (LIF) production by lymphocytes of normal children, newborns, and children with immune deficiency. 13 10

Blood lymphocytes from nineteen patients with Hodgkin's disease were tested in vitro before and after treatment. The patients were retested in complete and unmaintained remission at least 15 months after termination of radiotherapy. All patients except two had been treated with total nodal irradiation. The lymphocyte-DNA synthesis induced by concanavalin A (Con A) and PPD was poor and the spontaneous DNA synthesis was increased in untreated patients. Most patients had a T lymphocytopenia before treatment. After irradiation the total lymphocyte counts were reduced drastically. The number of T lymphocytes was particularly low, though the number of B lymphocytes decreased as well. However, the lymphocyte response to Con A and PPD remained low and unchanged. The results may suggest a persisting immunodeficiency in Hodgkin's disease as reflected by the lymphocyte response to Con A and PPD.
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PMID:Persisting lymphocyte deficiences during remission in Hodgkin's disease. 30 64

We studied the immunocompetence of 6 healthy twins, whose monozygotic or dizygotic same-sexed twin partner had died from Hodgkin's disease. Lymphocyte DNA synthesis induced by concanavalin A was markedly reduced at 3 different concentrations in all twins compared to an age-matched group of healthy controls. The lymphocyte response to pokeweed mitogen and to phytohaemagglutinin was also impaired. PPD induced lymphocyte DNA synthesis was low in 3 twins and correlated well with their delayed skin hypersensitivity to the antigen. One twin was completely anergic to 3 different skin antigens. The mean total blood lymphocyte count did not differ from that of controls. There was no change in T or B-lymphocyte subpopulations. The presence of a functional lymphocyte deficiency in all twins strongly suggests that the immunodeficiency in Hodgkin's disease is partly caused by genetic and/or environmental factors.
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PMID:Immunological defects in healthy twin siblings to patients with Hodgkin's disease. 56 30

27 consanguineous and non-consanguineous relatives to 12 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) have been studied. The lymphocyte DNA synthesis induced by concanavalin (ConA) was depressed in 6 patients. 7 out of 15 tested relatives (3 first degree relatives and 4 spouses) showed a profound impairment in lymphocyte response to ConA stimulation. None out of 12 relatives to ConA normal patients was defect in this respect. In relatives to ConA hyporesponsive patients there was a small but statistically significant decrease in lymphocyte response to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and PPD in vitro. No differences in lymphocyte subpopulations were seen. The findings strongly support an exogenous factory (probably a virus) causing the depressed mitogen response in relatives to immunodeficient patients with HD. A possible linkage between the immunodeficiency and the pathogenesis of HD is discussed.
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PMID:Immunological family studies in Hodgkin's disease. Is the immunodeficiency horizontally transmitted? 65 9

Cell-mediated immune response was investigated in fifteen patients with miliary tuberculosis. Delayed hypersensitivity skin test with "recall" antigens PPD and SKSD was positive in two and one patients respectively. An irritant dose of DNCB failed to induce non-specific inflammatory response in the skin of thirteen patients and the same patients also did not develop contact sensitivity to DNCB. Leucocyte migration test in the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was also negative in eight of eleven patients studied. The proportion of E rosette-forming cells was found to be significantly depressed, though the proportion of EAC rosette-forming cells did not show any abnormality. On repeat skin tests in five patients after 3 months of chemotherapy and clinical improvement four showed a positive PPD and DNCB response. It was concluded that there is a marked degree of secondary immunodeficiency in miliary tuberculosis.
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PMID:Secondary immunodeficiency in miliary tuberculosis. 108 82

Skin sensitization with DNCB was carried out in forty-five untreated, 106 "on treatment" and fifteen fully treated patients with pulmonary tuberculosis along with fifty-five controls. Mantoux test with PPD was also carried out simultaneously. All the normal controls could be sensitized to DNCB and the degree of sensitization was 4+ in majority of the subjects. In contrast, in untreated patients only eighteen could be sensitized to DNCB and the degree of sensitivity did not reach 4+ in any patient. Similarly, fifty-five patients could not be sensitized with DNCB in the group of 106 subjects who were still suffering from active disease and were on therapy and none gave a 4+ response. The difference in the proportion of subjects who could be sensitized to DNCB in these two patient groups was significantly less in comparison to controls. Among fifteen patients who were fully treated and did not have active disease thirteeen could be sensitized with DNCB, but the degree of response was again found to be less than the controls. All the patients as well as the controls gave a high proportion of Mantoux positivity. These findings indicate that there is a subtle degree of immunodeficiency in pulmonary tuberculosis which improves simultaneously with the clinical improvement.
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PMID:Dinitrochlorobenzene contact sensitization in pulmonary tuberculosis. 122 85

From January 1989 to February 1992, 19 pregnant women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were attended at the Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia in Mexico City, all of them at the end of pregnancy as well as 15 of their offspring. Sexual transmission was found in 15 patients; the initial classification of 16 was CDC II, only one case with AIDS, and during pregnancy 2 cases changed their clinical status. Absolute CD4 count in 2 cases was lower 20%, None of 10 had positive VDRL and one case showed a positive PPD. All neonates were at term and eutrophics. During their first 3 months of life, 2 had an infectious disease and died. The serologic follow-up at the moment reports 3 having HIV infection (20%), 3 no HIV infection and 9 in study are sero-positive.
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PMID:[Perinatal transmission of AIDS. Experience at the National Institute of Perinatology]. 138 81

The effect of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on mycobacterial antibody production was investigated. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting IgG against Mycobacterium tuberculosis PPD, it was observed that individuals at risk of HIV infection show a pattern of humoral response to the tubercle bacillus similar to that previously found in the immunocompetent population not exposed to risk factors: 6 of 12 (50.0%) tuberculosis cases had elevated levels of antibodies to PPD and 27 of 30 (90.0%) asymptomatic individuals had antibody levels within the normal range. In an HIV-seropositive group without AIDS indicator diseases, 8 of 22 (36.4%) tuberculous patients had detectable mycobacterial antibodies whereas 156 of 164 (95.1%) non-tuberculous subjects did not. Among AIDS cases, only 1 of 20 (5.0%) patients with tuberculosis and none of 53 non-tuberculous subjects showed a positive result. The study evidenced an increasing humoral unresponsiveness to PPD in the progression of HIV infection to AIDS. Thus, a serodiagnostic method for detecting tuberculosis such as the ELISA here employed noticeably decreases its utility in the latency stage of the HIV infection, and it is practically useless in clinical AIDS.
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PMID:Humoral response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. 147 83

The present paper describes the clinical and laboratory follow-up of 11 patients with the diagnosis of common variable immunodeficiency. Their age varied from 8 to 45 years. The mean disease time was 12.6 years and mean diagnosis time 4.3 years. Infectious manifestations, mainly of the respiratory and digestive tracts, occurred in all patients. Polyadenomegaly was noted in seven, hepatomegaly in six, splenomegaly in five and arthralgia in four patients. All of them presented serum IgG less than 250 mg/dl. IgA less than 33 mg/dl and IgM less than 31 mg/dl, except one with IgM = 176 mg/dl. The isohaemagglutinin titers were less than 1/20 in all but one patient. The determination of the number of B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood revealed normal counts in three, elevated in one and decreased in five patients. The CD-4/CD-8 ratio was less than 1 in 8 and greater than 1 in three of them. Five patients had positive cutaneous late reactions to at least one of the following antigens: PPD, SK-SD (Varidase), Trichophytin and Levedurin (Candidin). A decrease of the proliferative activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by lectins (PHA, Con-A, PWM) was also noted. Natural killer function was decreased. The association a possible role of regulatory lymphocytes in the immunopathogenesis of this disease. The data presented here emphasize the diversity of clinical and immunological manifestations of this disease, which could be noted between diverse patients and in the follow-up of a single one. In our cases the disease had an evolutive character, with a primarily humoral dysfunction followed by cellular immunity disturbances that determined poorer prognosis and progressive difficulties in the therapeutics. We suggest a conceptual reevaluation of this condition and a new denomination, for instance "Late-Onset Combined Immunodeficiency". The long delay between the initial clinical manifestations of the disease and its diagnosis was a handicap for an adequate treatment. Early intervention could certainly decrease the morbidity and mortality of the disease.
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PMID:[Common variable immunodeficiency (hypogammaglobulinemia of late onset or acquired hypogammaglobulinemia): initial follow-up of 11 cases]. 172 73

The occurrence of tuberculosis among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has prompted the development of guidelines for the management of those who may have both tuberculous and HIV infections (1). These guidelines include the recommendation that all persons who are known to be infected with HIV, or are at increased risk of HIV infection, receive a tuberculin skin test (Mantoux test with tuberculin units 5 [TU] of purified protein derivative [PPD]-tuberculin). Those persons who have at least a 5 mm reaction to PPD should be considered for 1 year of isoniazid preventive therapy, unless otherwise contraindicated.
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PMID:Purified protein derivative (PPD)-tuberculin anergy and HIV infection: guidelines for anergy testing and management of anergic persons at risk of tuberculosis. 203 6


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