Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A phase I study to determine safety, maximum tolerated dose, and biologic response during multiple once-a-week administration of oral imiquimod, an immune response modifier, was conducted in 12 adults with early human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. All completed the dose-escalation phase of weekly dosing at 100-mg increments and received at least one maintenance dose, 100 mg below the patient's toxic dose, for 12 weeks. Dose-limiting toxicity occurred in 3 patients at 200-mg, 5 at 300-mg, and 3 at 400-mg dose levels. One tolerated the 500-mg dose without dose-limiting toxicity. Dose-limiting toxicities included fatigue, fever, malaise, increased transaminases, hypotension, vomiting, and depression. Seven of 12 completed 12 weeks of maintenance. At > or = 200 mg of imiquimod, all patients had biologic responses, measured by elevations in serum interferon, beta2-microglobulin, and neopterin levels. Imiquimod induced pronounced levels of circulating interferon in asymptomatic HIV-infected persons, with variable effect on virus load.
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PMID:Administration of imiquimod, an interferon inducer, in asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons to determine safety and biologic response modification. 972 59

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes disease by infecting lymphocytes and progressively destroying critical regulatory and effector cells of the immune system, leaving patients vulnerable to a number of bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. Facial herpes (herpes simplex virus-1 [HSV-1]), genital herpes (HSV-2), herpes zoster (varicella zoster virus), oral hairy leukoplakia (Epstein-Barr virus), Kaposi's sarcoma (HHV-8), molluscum contagiosum, condyloma acuminata (human papillomavirus [HPV-6, HPV-11]), plantar warts (HPV-1), and facial warts and flat warts (HPV-5) are some of the cutaneous viral diseases most commonly seen in HIV-infected patients. Two immunomodulatory agents, imiquimod (Aldara), shown to be safe and effective in the management of genital warts, and alitretinoin gel, shown to be safe and effective in the treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma, may offer a new therapeutic approach to treatment of cutaneous viral diseases. There is a strong scientific rationale to suggest that imiquimod and alitretinoin gel may be useful in the treatment of a variety of cutaneous viral diseases that have been shown to respond to immunomodulatory drugs. This represents a new approach in the therapeutic treatment paradigm for treatment of cutaneous viral diseases at their site of infection.
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PMID:Immunomodulatory therapy in the management of viral infections in patients with HIV infection. 1086 Nov 4

Imiquimod is a recently developed imidazoquinolin heterocyclic amine that is an immune response modifier. Treatment with topical 5% imiquimod cream has shown promising results in the treatment of genital warts in immunocompetent individuals. We report here the first case of successful treatment with topical 5% imiquimod cream of facial verrucae in an individual with human immunodeficiency virus.
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PMID:Treatment of facial verrucae with topical imiquimod cream in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus. 1087 36

Imiquimod, an imidazoquinoline amine, is approved for the topical treatment of external anogenital warts induced by human papilloma virus. Several clinical trials have shown imiquimod to be an effective and safe drug for treatment of anogenital warts. Consequently, it was considered that imiquimod might be effective on warts caused by the same aetiological agent located on other skin areas. We describe the favourable outcome of a case of multiple facial verrucae in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patient treated with imiquimod 5% cream. This is a promising finding which supports those of two previous reports. We feel that imiquimod could be used in HIV-infected patients with multiple facial warts in whom conventional therapies are ineffective or produce significant side-effects.
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PMID:Successful treatment of multiple filiform facial warts with imiquimod 5% cream in a patient infected by human immunodeficiency virus. 1278 Jul 7

Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus is rare, but more common in men with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We describe our findings in 50 biopsies done on 37 HIV-positive men over 5 years. The men were referred from our HIV clinic for abnormal cytology on anal pap or anal condyloma. Thirty-seven patients were referred from the HIV clinic for abnormal cytology on anal pap or the presence of anal condyloma. Biopsies were done in the operating room using acetic acid to visually localize areas of dysplasia. If no abnormalities were seen, biopsies were taken from each quadrant of the anus. A retrospective review was done for biopsy indication, pathology, recurrence, and correlation with anal pap results. On initial biopsy, anal condyloma conferred the presence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) in 64.7 per cent (11 of 17), abnormal paps in 83.3 per cent (10 of 12), and both in 50 per cent (3 of 6). Patients with anal condyloma had AIN in an average of 2.5 quadrants whereas those with abnormal cytology had AIN in 2.3 quadrants. Thirty-four of 50 biopsies showed abnormalities (68%), with AIN present in 32 cases, one case of carcinoma in situ, and one case of invasive carcinoma. Aldara was used nine times with improvement in four cases. In HIV-positive men, the presence of condyloma warrants surgical biopsy. Performing anal cytology on patients with anal condyloma did not increase the rate of positive results. Patients with AIN often had disease in more than two quadrants, making surgical excision problematic.
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PMID:Screening human immunodeficiency virus-positive men for anal intraepithelial neoplasia. 2285