Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Severe pain is a prominent characteristic of many rheumatic conditions occurring in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. These conditions may affect joints or soft tissues. Some painful syndromes, such as acquired immune deficiency syndrome-associated arthritis, may be unique to HIV-infected individuals, whereas others, such as Reiter's syndrome, may also occur in patients without HIV infection but appear more severe in infected patients. Joint and soft tissue pain is usually most intense in the lower extremities. The pathogenesis of the pain is not completely understood but may involve subclinical neuropathic disease.
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PMID:Painful rheumatic syndromes associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. 204 90

Severe pain is highly prevalent, with rates of 40% to 70% in patients with advanced cancer, liver disease, heart failure, human immunodeficiency virus, and renal failure. Wide variations in pain assessment and reporting methods and the measurement of multiple symptoms should be addressed in future studies. Regarding psychological approaches, determining whether hypnotherapy or other individual psychotherapeutic interventions reduce pain and/or psychological distress in a palliative care population is difficult. Interest is increasing in the concept of demoralization syndromes and the role of posttraumatic stress disorder in modulating responses to pain at the end of life. We review evidence from multiple studies that the use of rehabilitative therapy improves functional status and pain control among patients with advanced cancer, and we raise the possibility that rehabilitation therapy will be helpful in patients with other advanced diseases. We summarize ongoing clinical trials of electronic order sets, clinical care pathways, and care management pathways to improve pain management in palliative care. Wagner's Chronic Illness Model provides a way of analyzing how healthcare systems can be changed to provide adequate and continuing pain management in palliative care. Much work remains to ensure that pain is recognized, treated, and monitored effectively.
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PMID:Pain and palliative medicine. 1755 79