Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We designed an effective virus concentration method to prevent the infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in laboratories. The absorbent of Minicon concentrators (Amicon Division, M.R. Grace & Co.-Conn.) was changed to chitin, a mucopolysaccharide extracted from the shells of Japanese pink crab. HIV-1 in the supernatant of HIV-1 infected Molt-4 cells was concentrated by Minicon and the new concentrators. The new concentrator showed good concentration rate and equality of concentration speed.
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PMID:[An effective concentration method for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)]. 140 90

From 1980 to 30 September 1990, 1,769 Connecticut cases of AIDS have been diagnosed and reported. The epidemiology of AIDS in Connecticut continues to differ from national patterns in several important ways. Intravenous drug users (IVDUs) have been the most prominent source of new cases since 1986 and made up 49% of all cases reported in 1990. Women comprise 20% of the total adult caseload; twice the national average. Connecticut's pediatric cases are 3.3% of total cases, the highest proportion among US reporting areas with 100 or more total AIDS cases. Blacks and Hispanics comprise 55% of cases, although they represent only 11% of the total population of Connecticut. The most recent annual incidence rate for Connecticut is similar to that for the country as a whole (13.3/100,000). However, Connecticut's three central cities had annual incidence rates that are much higher: Bridgeport, 28.7/100,000; New Haven, 55.5/100,000; and Hartford, 64.9/100,000. The Department of Health Services estimates that approximately 12,000 persons in Connecticut are currently infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). About 4,200 intravenous drug users are already infected. In addition, we estimate that approximately 800 new infections will occur in adults and adolescents each year. Data from various New Haven based seroprevalence studies indicate that seropositivity is high. Among patients in clinics for sexually transmitted diseases, one in every 25 was infected with HIV; among women attending women's health clinics, one in 91 was infected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Conn Med 1991 Jan
PMID:The epidemiology of AIDS in Connecticut. 204 38

A seroprevalence survey of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among childbearing women in Connecticut is being conducted as one of the family of HIV seroprevalence surveys funded by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Between 1 April 1989 and 30 March 1990 dried blood specimens submitted from all newborns (45,890) for metabolic screening were examined for HIV antibodies by standard laboratory techniques in a blinded manner. The overall HIV prevalence rate was 0.30% (138 newborns). Rates did not differ significantly by mother's age group in the overall population. Rates of seropositivity were higher among blacks (1.2%) and Hispanics (0.69%) than among whites (0.10%). Seropositivity by town was highest in New Haven (1.6%) where one in every 63 residents who gave birth was infected. Based upon this survey, we estimate that 45 HIV-infected children were born in Connecticut during the one-year study period and that approximately 2,300 women of childbearing age are currently infected.
Conn Med 1991 Jan
PMID:HIV seroprevalence among childbearing women in Connecticut. 204 48

In an attempt to determine the rate of transmission of infection from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody-positive women to their offspring and to describe the short-term outcome of perinatal infection, we enrolled 62 infants in a prospective cohort study during a 30-month period and followed them up for an additional 6 months. The clinical, immunologic, and serologic status of the children was assessed prospectively. Fourteen subjects were symptomatic: 3 had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, 5 had signs and symptoms that were compatible with HIV-1 infection (Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Ga, class P2A), and 6 had ill-defined symptoms that could not be definitely attributed to HIV. Our data indicated that the maximum rate of vertical transmission of HIV-1 infection in New Haven, Conn, was less than 30%, and the rate of HIV-1-associated disease occurring during the first 3 years of life was 16%. The mean and median time to loss of maternal antibody, as detected by Western blot in seroreverters, was approximately 7 months, and the half-life of passive antibody was 38 days. A continued close follow-up of children in the cohort studied, and others like it, is critical to learn the full range of outcomes of HIV infection in the pediatric population.
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PMID:Rate of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection from mother to child and short-term outcome of neonatal infection. Results of a prospective cohort study. 211 49

Pancreatic tuberculous abscess is rare and has been reported only in the past five years. An association with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is suggested. Extensive drainage and appropriate antibiotic therapy is recommended. Intrapancreatic abscesses should be cultured for M. tuberculosis and, if identified, the patient should be studied for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
Conn Med 1989 Mar
PMID:Pancreatic tuberculous abscess. 265 22

Between January 1981 and December 1986, 4,178 patients were cultured for mycobacteria at a community teaching hospital in Hartford. The number of patients with positive cultures totaled 278 (6.65%). Mycobacterium other than tuberculosis (MOTT) was isolated from 228 (82%). MOTT isolation increased yearly from 1.5% of the patients in 1981 to 14.5% of the patients in 1986. Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAI) was the most common MOTT species isolated (197/228). Fifty-nine patients were under the age of 50, but 23 had predisposing factors for MOTT. Of the 36 who did not have an underlying condition, 25 had the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The isolation of MAI preceded the diagnosis of AIDS/ARC in nine patients, in 10 others it coincided with their diagnosis and in six it followed the diagnosis. Isolation of MAI in a patient under the age of 50 with no predisposing factors may suggest concommitant HIV disease.
Conn Med 1989 Jul
PMID:Mycobacterium avium intracellulare as a marker of human immunodeficiency virus disease. 275 31

Stimulated by reports that some children who are seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV+) have been abandoned in the hospital, we studied the extent of, and reasons for, medically unnecessary hospital use at Yale-New Haven (Conn) Hospital among HIV+ children. We reviewed inpatient stays for all HIV+ children hospitalized through Oct 31, 1987. Hospital days were judged to be unnecessary if they failed to meet any of the criteria on the Pediatric Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol. Among 34 children eligible for the study, 54% of their hospital days were judged medically unnecessary; 59% of the children had at least one such day. Unnecessary use was 100% for one-day stays (all for gamma-globulin infusions) and 58% for stays longer than three weeks, with 94% of those unnecessary days being secondary to placement problems. The rate of unnecessary days has declined from 64% of all hospital days in 1983 and 1984 to 30% in 1987 as a result of improved outpatient services and access to foster care. Improved medical and social services could substantially reduce the cost of medically unnecessary hospital care in HIV+ children.
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PMID:Medically unnecessary hospital use in children seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus. 341 52

The author has a Master of Arts degree in religion from the International School of Theology and he has lectured to thousands of students and professors at universities on six continents. He argues that condom use does not guarantee 100% protection against the transmission of HIV and that the only truly safe sex occurs in a faithful mutually monogamous relationship between two HIV-seronegative individuals. It is the author's belief that young people should wait until marriage before having sexual intercourse. It is known that condoms can slip, break, and leak during in vivo use. Condoms have a 15% failure rate in protecting against unplanned pregnancy. A sperm cell, however, is much larger than the human immunodeficiency virus. This failure rate therefore indicates that if sperm cells can penetrate/bypass the condom when having sex, the far smaller HIV can most certainly do the same thing. HIV can easily pass through many of the tiny pores in latex condoms. The author further argues that while premarital sex is physically risky, one can also be hurt emotionally and relationally. Sex can breed insecurity and generate performance fears which impede sexual response. Waiting until marriage helps both partners to have the confidence, security, trust, and self-respect which a solid, intimate relationship needs. In closing, the author acknowledges the physical and emotional difficulty of delaying the initiation of sexual intercourse.
Conn Med 1995 May
PMID:Safe sex? 767 3

Human immunodeficiency (HIV) infection often presents with an unusual symptom complex. Although cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a frequent opportunistic infection in the late stage of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), CMV pneumonitis as an initial manifestation of HIV infection is not documented in the medical literature. We report a previously healthy patient with bilateral interstitial pulmonary infiltrates who was found to have CMV pneumonitis; only later was HIV virus infection diagnosed. Cytomegalovirus is a frequently isolated pathogen from respiratory secretions in AIDS patients. The role of CMV as a sole pulmonary pathogen is controversial. After exclusion of other pathogens, CMV was demonstrated by histological changes and viral culture in our case. This case indicates that pulmonary infiltrates presenting as the first manifestation of HIV infection can be caused by CMV infection.
Conn Med 1999 Oct
PMID:Cytomegalovirus pneumonitis as an initial presentation in an HIV-infected patient. 1057 48

Human herpes virus, type 8, also called Kaposi's sarcoma-associated virus, is associated with primary effusion lymphoma, an uncommon and unusual subset of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related lymphomas mostly confined to body cavities, which primarily affects human immunodeficiency virus-positive men. We report the case of a 40-year-old male with primary effusion lymphoma that presented initially with generalized lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly, followed by pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade, in a previously undiagnosed human immunodeficiency virus patient. Cytomorphological studies disclosed a large-cell lymphoma with a population of cells demonstrating intermediate CD45 expression and partial coexpression of CD20 and CD23 markers, as well as universal expression of HLA-DR, CD71, CD38, and CD-30. Molecular studies showed clonal B-cell gene rearrangements and molecular evidence of human herpes virus, type 8. This case stresses the necessity, even in the absence of the 'classical clinical features,' of molecular testing for human herpes virus, type 8 in a subset of patients with high risk for human herpes virus, type 8-associated lymphomas.
Conn Med 2000 Oct
PMID:Unusual presentation of "extracavitary" primary effusion lymphoma in previously unknown HIV disease. 1110 Jun 30


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