Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anetoderma is a rare benign dermatosis caused by a loss of mid-dermal elastic tissue resulting in well-circumscribed areas of pouchlike herniations of flaccid skin. Anetoderma is classically categorized as either primary (idiopathic) or secondary (following an inflammatory dermatosis in the same location). We report a case of primary anetoderma (PA) occurring in a human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1)-infected man. We review the clinical presentation, possible etiologies, associated conditions, and limited treatment options of this disease.
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PMID:Anetoderma: a case report and review of the literature. 1866 93

Sweet's syndrome (SS), a rare reactive neutrophilic dermatosis, has been reported to occur in association with a variety of systemic disorders, categorized by von den Diesch into idiopathic, paraneoplastic, pregnancy and parainflammatory subgroups. The parainflammatory group has been well defined, and includes a wide spectrum of infectious triggers and disorders of immune dysregulation. To date, however, no cases of SS have been described in the context of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). We report a case of paediatric-onset SS, previously reported as idiopathic, with a subsequent diagnosis of CVID.
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PMID:Sweet's syndrome in association with common variable immunodeficiency. 1878 23

Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated skin disease affecting approximately 1% to 3% of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected population. The presentation of psoriasis in patients with HIV varies. It either presents as the first clinical manifestation of HIV or, less commonly, appears in the advanced stages of HIV when it has progressed to AIDS. This 2-part series reviews the pathogenesis of HIV-associated psoriasis as well as the various therapeutic regimens that have effectively treated psoriasis in patients with HIV These therapies address the profound immune dysregulation that defines psoriasis. The first part of the series focuses on the pathogenesis of HIV-associated psoriasis.
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PMID:Psoriasis in the patient with human immunodeficiency virus, part 1: review of pathogenesis. 1879 43

Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated skin disease affecting approximately 1% to 3% of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected population. Psoriasis appears in patients with HIV either as the first clinical manifestation of the disease or, less commonly, during the advanced stages of HIV when it has progressed to AIDS. This 2-part series reviews the pathogenesis of HIV-associated psoriasis as well as the various therapeutic regimens that have effectively treated psoriasis in patients with HIV. These therapies address the profound immune dysregulation that defines psoriasis. The second part of the series focuses on the treatment of HIV-associated psoriasis.
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PMID:Psoriasis in the patient with human immunodeficiency virus, Part 2: Review of treatment. 1885 60

Human immunodeficiency virus infection causes changes in the immune system and disease evolution can be partially measured by levels of T CD4(+) lymphocytes. Knowledge of the chronology of skin disease in relationship to the immune status of the patient may help understand the pathogenesis of AIDS. One hundred twenty-seven children were prospectively evaluated for skin diseases and their relationship to immune status. Immunodeficiency in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children was correlated with infectious dermatoses whereas normal CD4(+) T lymphocyte levels was correlated with diseases mediated by hypersensitivity mechanisms.
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PMID:Infectious and inflammatory skin diseases in children with HIV infection and their relation with the immune status--evaluation of 127 patients. 1895 Apr 6

Psoriasis is a common, chronic skin disorder, the pathogenesis of which is incompletely understood. Results from various clinical and experimental studies indicate that psoriasis is a complex, multifactorial disease with a genetic predisposition. Factors such as climate, physical trauma, drug, stress and infections (Streptococcus, human immunodeficiency virus) are known to trigger psoriasis. The success of treatment of psoriasis with T-cell depletion and antitumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha treatment is explained by the involvement of T cells and TNF- alpha in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The biochemical basis for the pathogenesis of psoriasis can be attributed to both overexpression and underexpression of certain proteins in psoriatic lesions. The anomalies in protein expression can be classified as abnormal keratinocyte differentiation, keratinocyte hyperproliferation and inflammation. Oxidative stress (OS) and increased free-radical generation have been linked to skin inflammation in psoriasis. The review presents evidence for various markers of psoriasis that can be targeted for effective treatment, including biomarkers of inflammation, keratinocyte hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation, and stress.
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PMID:A comprehensive review of biomarkers in psoriasis. 1955 84

Pyoderma gangrenosum is an uncommon chronic ulcerative dermatosis with unknown aetiology and with a pathology which is still obscure. In 15-45% of cases, it is related to intestinal chronic inflammatory disease (MICI), to a systemic disease that it can sometimes reveals or to an immunodeficiency This disease starts whether with a pustule, a bubble or a nodule which leads during its evolvement to a superficial ulceration with clear edges. Its diagnosis is easy and is mainly clinical. It is a disease which is localized preferably in lower limbs. Treatment is mainly based on oral route corticotherapy. We report a case of gangrenosum pyoderma localized on the penis in a 43-year-old HIV infected patient. It is an uncommon localization, misleading and delicate. We have treated successfully this patient by oral corticotherapy combined with local antiseptic treatments for 6 months.
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PMID:[An uncommon localization of pyoderma gangrenosum on the penis of an HIV infected patient in the Ivory Coast]. 1958 26

Sweet syndrome, or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is characterized by the presence of fever, peripheral leukocytosis, painful erythematous plaques and nodules, and a predominately neutrophilic dermal infiltrate. We report a case occurring in a 10-week-old male child, with preceding upper respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal infection symptoms. Sweet syndrome occurring in an infant should prompt a work-up for immunodeficiency, as well as a review of the peripheral blood smear to rule out the rare case of malignancy.
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PMID:Sweet syndrome in infancy. 2053 82

Psoriasis is a chronic papulosquamous skin disease that is thought to be a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disorder of keratinocyte proliferation. The association between psoriasis and HIV infection seems paradoxical, but insights into the role of T-cell subsets, autoimmunity, genetic susceptibility, and infections associated with immune dysregulation might clarify our understanding of the pathogenesis of psoriasis with HIV in general. HIV-associated psoriasis can be clinically confusing because several comorbid skin disorders in patients with HIV can mimic psoriasis. Phenotypic variants such as a Reiter's syndrome or fulminant erythroderma provide diagnostic clues to underlying immunodeficiency. The management of moderate and severe HIV-associated psoriasis is challenging, although patients typically improve with highly active antiretroviral therapy. Conventional systemic treatments might be contraindicated or need dose adjustment to avoid toxicity. New biological treatments in this setting are promising and warrant further study.
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PMID:HIV-associated psoriasis: pathogenesis, clinical features, and management. 2061 Mar 29

Skin and mucosal diseases can be the first manifestation of asymptomatic HIV infection, may indicate advancing immunodeficiency, or may represent systemic opportunistic infections or neoplasms. Mucocutaneous diseases are highly prevalent in the HIV-infected population and multiple pathologies are common particularly with advanced immunosuppression. The dominant HIV-associated skin diseases are infectious and inflammatory and they can cause significant morbidity. Although skin cancers are less common their prognosis is often worse. Clinical presentations are often atypical and may vary depending on the level of immunosuppression. Managing skin disease in the context of advanced immunosuppression is challenging and they often respond poorly to conventional therapies. This improves with the commencement of antiretrovirals (ARVs) and immune restoration. Despite the significant decline in HIV-related skin diseases with ARVs, the drugs themselves have brought with them a range of other skin-associated problems: adverse effects, an increased risk of drug reactions, and immune reconstitution-associated skin diseases. Therefore, the burden of skin disease remains high even in the era ARVs and the aim of this review is to equip physicians managing HIV-infected patients with knowledge of the spectrum of skin disorders associated with HIV-related immunosuppression.
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PMID:Cutaneous markers of HIV infection and progression. 2063 78


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