Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The role of T lymphocytes in atopic disease is of considerable importance because animal studies indicate that cells of this lymphoid series may influence reaginic antibody response. T lymphocyte subpopulations were studied in a group of 76 children with allergic respiratory disease. There was no statistical difference between atopic children with asthma and those with allergic rhinitis as compared with an age-matched control population of 20 non-atopic children in terms of levels of active T lymphocytes or total T lymphocytes. The results of this study do not support the concept of a T cell immunodeficiency in children with allergic respiratory disease.
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PMID:T lymphocytes in children with allergic respiratory disease. 30 67

20 cats in a cat home were treated prophylactically and therapeutically with Baypamun HK. The animals were allocated into three groups as described. 7 freshly admitted clinically healthy cats were treated prophylactically on day 1, 2 and 9 with 1 ml Baypamun HK (group I). 7 cats, who already were allocated for one year in the home and were sick of the feline respiratory disease complex were treated as described for group I (group II). 6 further cats, who also showed symptoms of the feline respiratory disease complex and had stayed for one year in the home were treated with physiol.saline solution according to group I (group III). From all cats blood samples were taken at day 1, 3, 10 and 17. The blood samples were checked for antibodies against feline calicivirus (FCV), feline herpesvirus (FHV), panleukopenia virus (PLV), feline peritonitis virus (FIPV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Also the occurrence of the feline leukemia virus (FeLV) was evaluated. The cellular immunity was evaluated by means of the lymphocyte transformations test (LTT), nitroblue-tetrazolium reduction test (NBT) and cytochrome C-reduction test (CRT). Mean value and standard deviation was calculated from the results. The significance was determined by the t-test. The animals were examined clinically daily for 20 days for the feline respiratory disease complex. When necessary, the animals were treated by homeopathic and antibiotic products. At the time of admission to the home all cats were or had been treated with an attenuated panleukopenia vaccine. The serologic parameters were not influenced in the cats of group I.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The effectiveness of paramunization for the control of feline coryza]. 152 77

A case of primary Pneumocystis carinii infection involving the left middle ear of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is described, and the literature on the otic and ophthalmic pneumocystosis is reviewed. Otic pneumocystosis typically presents as a unilateral polypoid mass, and it is clinically manifested as otalgia, hearing loss, or, sometimes, otorrhea without evidence of current respiratory disease or previous Pneumocystis pneumonia. In contrast, choroidal pneumocystosis usually occurs in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with at least one previous episode of Pneumocystis pneumonia and aerosolized pentamidine treatment, it is usually asymptomatic and bilateral, and it may be discovered only because of other concurrent human immunodeficiency virus-related ophthalmic disease. The diagnosis is made clinically, and intravenous antiparasite treatment is successful.
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PMID:Otic and ophthalmic pneumocystosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Report of a case and review of the literature. 158 Jul 53

Chlamydia pneumoniae is being recognized as a common cause of respiratory tract infections. Bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients were examined by culture for this pathogen. Of 50 specimens examined, 5 (10%) were positive for C. pneumoniae. Four of these (80%) were also positive for other pathogens frequently implicated as causes of respiratory disease in this patient population. C. pneumoniae may frequently inhabit the respiratory tracts of human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals.
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PMID:Isolation of Chlamydia pneumoniae from the lungs of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. 200 49

This study assessed the incidence and clinical significance of recovery of Staphylococcus aureus from the respiratory tract of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In a retrospective review of 129 consecutive episodes of respiratory disease in HIV-seropositive patients where respiratory tract cultures were obtained, S. aureus was recovered in 30 (23%) of the episodes. Twenty-nine of these were evaluated in this study, and the recovery of S. aureus was found to represent pneumonia in 8 cases (28%), to be of indeterminate significance in 18 cases (62%), and to represent colonization in 3 cases (10%). Episodes of S. aureus pneumonia were usually community-acquired (seven of eight episodes) and had an acute or subacute clinical presentation. Fever and physical signs of pneumonia were present in all patients. Chest radiographic presentations varied, but local infiltrates were seen in seven of eight episodes. Concomitant pulmonary disorders were common (seven of eight episodes). All patients were appropriately treated; five patients recovered and three died, giving a mortality rate of 38%. We conclude that S. aureus is a frequent isolate from respiratory tract cultures of HIV-seropositive patients referred for evaluation of pulmonary disease. It can cause a pneumonia with a high mortality rate, as it did in 6% of all episodes of pulmonary disease reviewed in this study. Clinicians should be aware that HIV-seropositive patients may develop respiratory disease secondary to S. aureus infection and that when this organism is suspected, appropriate antibiotic therapy should be instituted.
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PMID:The incidence and significance of Staphylococcus aureus in respiratory cultures from patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. 229 90

AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) seems to be related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and is characterized by severe T-helpers lymphocyte dysfunction. Many of the AIDS patients (47-70%) develop pulmonary manifestations, both infectious and neoplastic, in the course of their disease. In the Department of Infectious Diseases of our Hospital are studied many patients HIV+. Every year 246 seropositive new patients have been discovered. Among them we have studied 25 subjects with respiratory disease, by chest radiographs; successively, according to clinical picture, we have performed thoracic computed tomography, Gallium scintigraphy, fiberoptic bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy (TBB), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL); the majority of these patients (68%) had AIDS, only 28% had ARC and 4% had PGL. In our experience, the diagnosed diseases were mainly infections (92%), and most frequently (52%) due to Pneumocystis carinii, alone or in association with other etiologic agents. We have not found pathognomonic radiographic abnormalities, but chest X-ray evaluated with clinical and laboratory data, may often be useful to obtain diagnostic indications and in order to determine a more specific and aggressive diagnostic approach.
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PMID:[Thoracic manifestations of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)]. 260 34

We describe the identification, experimental transmission, and pathogenesis of a naturally occurring powerfully immunosuppressive isolate of feline leukemia virus (designated here as FeLV-FAIDS) which induces fatal acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 100% (25 of 25) of persistently viremic experimentally infected specific pathogen-free (SPF) cats after predictable survival periods ranging from less than 3 months (acute immunodeficiency syndrome) to greater than one year (chronic immunodeficiency syndrome), depending on the age of the cat at time of virus exposure. The pathogenesis of FeLV-FAIDS-induced feline immunodeficiency disease is characterized by: a prodromal period of largely asymptomatic viremia; progressive weight loss, lymphoid hyperplasia associated with viral replication in lymphoid follicles, lymphoid depletion associated with extinction of viral replication in lymphoid follicles, intractable diarrhea associated with necrosis of intestinal crypt epithelium, lymphopenia, suppressed lymphocyte blastogenesis, impaired cutaneous allograft rejection, hypogammaglobulinemia, and opportunistic infections such as bacterial respiratory disease and necrotizing stomatitis. The clinical onset of immunodeficiency syndrome correlates with the replication of a specific FeLV-FAIDS viral variant, detected principally as unintegrated viral DNA, in bone marrow, lymphoid tissues, and intestine. Two of seven cats with chronic immunodeficiency disease that survived greater than 1 year after inoculation developed lymphoma affecting the marrow, intestine, spleen, and mesenteric nodes. Experimentally induced feline immunodeficiency syndrome, therefore, is a rapid and consistent in vivo model for prospective studies of the viral genetic determinants, pathogenesis, prevention, and therapy of retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency disease.
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PMID:Experimental transmission and pathogenesis of immunodeficiency syndrome in cats. 282 40

Tuberculosis is primarily a respiratory disease and transmission of infection within and between species is mainly by the airborne route. Mycobacterium bovis, the cause of bovine-type tuberculosis, has an exceptionally wide host range. Susceptible species include cattle, humans, non-human primates, goats, cats dogs, pigs, buffalo, badgers, possums, deer and bison. Many susceptible species, including man, are spillover hosts in which infection is not self-maintaining. In countries where there is transmission of infection from endemically infected wildlife populations to cattle or other farmed animals, eradication is not feasible and control measures must be applied indefinitely. Possible methods of limiting spread of infection from wildlife to cattle including the use of vaccines are outlined. The usefulness of DNA fingerprinting of M. bovis strains as an epidemiological tool and of BCG vaccination of humans and cattle as a control measure are reviewed. The factors determining susceptibility to infection and clinical disease, and the infectiousness of infected hosts and transmission of infection, are detailed. Reports of the epidemiology of M. bovis infections in man and a variety of animal species are reviewed. M. bovis infection was recognised as a major public health problem when this organism was transmitted to man via milk from infected cows. The introduction of pasteurization helped eliminate this problem. Those occupational groups working with M. bovis infected cattle or deer, on the farm or in the slaughter house, are more likely to develop pulmonary disease than alimentary disease. In recent years, tuberculosis in farmed cervidae has become a disease of economic as well as public health importance in several countries. Nowadays, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with a greatly increased risk of overt disease in humans infected with Myobacterium tuberculosis. It is believed this increased risk also occurs in the case of M. bovis infections in humans.
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PMID:The epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis infections in animals and man: a review. 875 18

A cross-sectional echocardiographic study of 50 black Zimbabwean children with clinical human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was carried out. The median age was 9 months. Seventy per cent had chronic cough, 60% respiratory distress and 40% cyanosis. Sixty per cent had pericardial effusion and 48% right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) and dilation. However, the clinical diagnosis of heart failure was difficult as most of these children (80%) had hepatomegaly. These findings suggest that respiratory disease plays a role in the causation of RVH in these children. As cardiac causes of RVH were absent, this was presumed to be due to cor pulmonale. HIV-infected children presenting with respiratory distress may have clinically unapparent cor pulmonale. Early and appropriate management may by beneficial.
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PMID:Cor pulmonale in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. 767 13

Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are two important linked public health problems in the world of today. Tuberculosis in HIV infected patients is frequently atypical in its clinical and radiological findings and commonly has an extrapulmonary dissemination. Atypical mycobacteriosis have also been reported in patients with HIV infection. We review here all the patients admitted from 1986 to 1991 with definitive diagnosis of tuberculosis and HIV infection at the National Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Mexico City. Out of 220 patients with HIV infection and pulmonary complications, 19 had proven tuberculosis. Their mean age was 34 +/- 8 years and seven were homosexual males. In 16 patients (84%), respiratory symptoms (cough with sputum) and fever were the first manifestations of the HIV infection. Only two patients had the typical cavitary lesions but also coexisting with miliary tuberculosis. The rest had several types of non cavitated pulmonary opacities or other thoracic or pleural alterations. Eleven patients (58%) had, in addition, extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured in 11 of 12 patients but no atypical mycobacteria were isolated. Only seven of the 19 patients completed at least six months of treatment and two of them relapsed. Three patients died in their first admission; the rest were lost in the follow up. Our results show that the clinical features of tuberculosis associated to HIV infection are similar to those described in other countries.
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PMID:[Tuberculosis associated with HIV infection]. 789 38


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