Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastrointestinal disease in AIDS is common and is due to opportunistic infections, aggressive malignancy and possible direct HIV enteropathy. Disabling gastrointestinal symptoms are prominent both in patients with established AIDS and in patients with earlier stages of HIV infection. We report the cases of 160 patients with AIDS who underwent gastroenterological investigations at St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, between November 1983 to October 1987. Of these, 127 had the diagnosis of AIDS established prior to referral and 33 patients had the diagnosis of AIDS established as a result of gastroenterological investigations. Diarrhoea and weight loss (88%) were the most frequent reasons for undertaking gastroenterological investigations. Swallowing disorders (47%), abdominal pain (20%), oral and perianal disease (74%) and evidence of hepatobiliary disease were the other major indications for investigation. In 90% of cases there was evidence of concurrent and active gastrointestinal disease at two or more sites within the alimentary tract. Results from this series reveal a wide range of infectious pathogens: viral (Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex), bacterial (Mycobacterium avium intracellulare) and parasitic (Cryptosporidium, Isospora belli). Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were the only malignancies detected in this series. Gastrointestinal disease associated with HIV infection is common, and contributes significantly to its overall morbidity and mortality. Moreover, chronic diarrhoea, weight loss and malnutrition may also contribute to the overall immunodeficiency.
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PMID:The gastrointestinal manifestations of AIDS. 234 18

The experience of 22 Hodgkin's disease (HD) patients with human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV) antibodies, collected from a cooperative study of six hospitals during 1984-1989 is presented. Young men (average age, 27.6 years) with a high incidence of intravenous drug abuse (86%) were found. The status of the HIV infection at diagnosis of HD was: four patients, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS); eight patients, persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL); and ten patients, asymptomatic. The natural history of HD was unusual, with a high incidence of B symptoms (81%), advanced Stages III to IV (90%), bone marrow invasion (50%), cytopenias before treatment (45%), opportunistic infections (68%), and aggressive histologies. A decreased response to chemotherapy with poor marrow tolerance and a significant decrease in survival, 18 months, was observed. The AIDS and cytopenias pretreatment were associated with a shorter statistically significant survival, which defines the importance of immunodeficiency in HD prognosis. Complete remission after treatment was a factor that contributed to a longer statistically significant survival. The PGL or asymptomatic patients survived longer but also had a poor course, and five of them had AIDS criteria during evolution. A high incidence of HD in relation to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in patients with HIV infection in the six cooperating hospitals was found. Criteria for considering HD as an AIDS-associated lymphoproliferative disease in our environment are discussed.
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PMID:Hodgkin's disease in patients with antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus. A study of 22 patients. 234 9

A 66 year old female with a long history of recurrent pulmonary infection presented with a full-blown malabsorption syndrome. She was found to be suffering from acquired immunodeficiency. She later developed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the cervical lymph nodes. The possible relationships between immunodeficiency, malabsorption and lymphoma are discussed.
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PMID:Acquired immunodeficiency, malabsorption and lymphoma. 234 81

The development of malignant neoplasms in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with a positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody test is a well known phenomenon. According to the guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control (Atlanta, GA), the presence of intermediate-grade or high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in HIV antibody-positive patients is considered a diagnostic criterion for AIDS. The authors describe two cases of malignant plasma cell tumors in two young HIV-infected patients. In light of this and other reports of plasma cell tumors in patients at risk for AIDS or with a positive HIV antibody test, the finding of another manifestation of B-cell neoplasia in these patients may enlarge the spectrum of AIDS-related tumors.
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PMID:Malignant plasma cell tumors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. 236 17

A 26-year-old male seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection presented with atypical Hodgkin's disease. Subsequently, synchronous, aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was identified in this patient. Atypical Hodgkin's disease appears to be an opportunistic neoplasm in patients seropositive for HIV infections and should be considered as an indicator disease for the definition of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
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PMID:Synchronous Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in an adult with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). 238 77

Mucormycosis is an uncommon infection caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. During an 8-year period, mucormycosis was diagnosed in 13 patients from three Madrid hospitals. There were 8 males and 5 females, with ages ranging from 21 to 75 years (mean 45 years). There were several underlying diseases, and 4 patients had more than one. Five had diabetes mellitus, 4 chronic renal failure, 2 acute myeloblastic leukemia, 2 were narcotic abusers and were infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 1 had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 1 was a carrier of a renal allograft and 1 had systemic necrotizing vasculitis. There were different clinical presentations: rhino-orbital in 3, paranasal in 2, cutaneous in 2, pulmonary in 2, primary cerebral in 2, rhinocerebral in 1, and peritoneal in 1. The diagnosis was made during the first week in 6 patients, in the second week in 4, and it was delayed for more than one month in 2. Fresh examination of clinical samples was carried out in 3 patients and hyphae were visualized in all 3. Cultures were taken in 10 patients and they were positive in 7. All isolates were identified as Rhizopus sp. One patient died within 24 hours without being treated, 12 were treated with amphotericin B and 9 received surgical therapy. Six patients (46%) died. The involvement of central nervous system and the absence of surgical therapy were associated with a poor outcome. These results indicate that mucormycosis can develop in several clinical contexts and has a varying clinical presentation. It is a potentially curable infections when early diagnosed and appropriately treated.
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PMID:[Mucormycosis. The disease spectrum in 13 patients]. 239 7

We report a 3 1/2-week-old male infant with Down's syndrome who presented with abdominal distention, ascites, and eosinophilia and was subsequently diagnosed as having an abdominal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of T-cell type. Because of the unusual association of these two conditions, especially at this early age, the literature was reviewed regarding the possible oncogenic mechanisms in Down's syndrome patients and the various malignancies associated with this condition. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is discussed briefly with emphasis on its possible etiologic mechanisms and predisposing conditions, especially the immunodeficiency states. Because this infant presented with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma at an early age, it is considered unlikely that an immunoaberration is responsible. Also, a short discussion of this patient's peripheral and bone marrow eosinophilia is given, implicating a T-cell product (e.g., eosinophil differentiation factor) as the putative pathophysiologic mechanism.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a neonate with Down's syndrome. Case report and literature review. 252 4

Nine instances of oral non-Hodgkin's lymphoma occurring in homosexual male patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus were evaluated for clinical features, histopathologic features, lymphocyte phenotypic markers, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA. Histologically, the tumors represented immunoblastic sarcoma and small noncleaved cell lymphomas, some manifesting Burkitt-like features. Five cases exhibited positive staining with monoclonal antibody L26, a B-cell marker; none of the tumors showed evidence of a T-cell lineage with the use of monoclonal antibody UCHL 1. DNA in situ hybridization studies disclosed the presence of EBV DNA sequences in seven instances. These findings indicate that most oral lymphomas among patients with AIDS, similar to extraoral lymphomas in this population, are of B-cell lineage and harbor EBV DNA.
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PMID:Oral lymphomas in HIV-infected patients: association with Epstein-Barr virus DNA. 254 61

An increased incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has been described in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Mechanisms related to abnormal immune regulation have been postulated, but no patients with rheumatoid arthritis and lymphoma have been previously well characterized immunologically. We describe here a patient with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis in whom a B-cell diffuse large-cell lymphoma developed. He was found to have a severe T-cell immunodeficiency and evidence of persistent Epstein-Barr virus infection. Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen was not found to be present within lymphoma cells. The combination of defective T-cell function and persistent Epstein-Barr virus infection may have predisposed this patient with rheumatoid arthritis to the development of a malignant clone of B lymphocytes.
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PMID:Diffuse large-cell lymphoma of B-cell origin and deficient T-cell function in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. 254 74

The IgG and IgA antibody subclass responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide antigens type 6A and 19F were studied after immunization with a 14-valent vaccine (Pneumovax, MSD), in 53 splenectomized patients (11 Hodgkin's disease, 13 nonHodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), 9 immune haemolytic anaemia or idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura and 20 posttraumatic splenectomized patients) and 18 non-splenectomized controls. The antibodies were mainly restricted to the IgG2 and IgA2 subclasses. NHL patients had lower pre-vaccination values to the studied antigens and lower antibody response to vaccination than the other patient groups in which the antibody responses did not differ from those of controls. 1 vaccinated NHL patient experienced two episodes of pneumococcal septicaemia, both occurring after chemotherapy which abolished the previously normal IgG2 antibody levels to the pneumococcal antigens. It is concluded that the antibody response to 6A and 19F antigens after pneumococcal vaccination is not reduced in splenectomized patients but is impaired in immunodeficiency states associated with B-cell lymphoma and treatment with cytostatic drugs.
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PMID:Type-specific anti-pneumococcal antibody subclass response to vaccination after splenectomy with special reference to lymphoma patients. 261 13


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