Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We present our findings in 14 patients with a serologically verified diagnosis of ocular syphilis. Although most patients had iridocyclitis, other ocular findings included episcleritis, scleritis, vitritis, retinitis, papillitis, panuveitis, cystoid macular edema, and retinal detachment. Most patients had only ocular manifestations of syphilis with no other definitive symptoms. Without the use of specific treponemal serologic tests, the diagnosis of ocular syphilis would have been missed in at least 20% of patients. Furthermore, 80% of patients were negative for antibody to syphilis in the cerebrospinal fluid, and therefore, this test should not be used to determine treatment for ocular syphilis. Currently, the most effective therapy for ocular syphilis is the same as that for neurosyphilis (i.e., high-dose intravenous penicillin G 12 to 24 million units/day for ten to 14 days). Human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients should receive a full 14 days of high-dose intravenous penicillin G plus intramuscular benzathine penicillin 2.4 million units weekly for three weeks because their immune defenses are likely to be impaired.
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PMID:Acquired ocular syphilis: diagnosis and treatment. 159 Jun 33

The paper retrospectively reviews the spectrum of ophthalmic manifestations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Singapore between May 1995 and October 1996. One hundred and eighteen patients were examined for ocular abnormalities. Criteria for examination were 1) visual complaints, 2) absolute CD4 count of less than 50 cells/ul, 3) patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining illness or 4) any relevant systemic illnesses which may have ocular involvement. Only 25 patients (21.2%) had visual symptoms. Eighteen patients (15.3%) had abnormalities associated with microvasculature. Forty-four patients (37.3%) had opportunistic infection involving the eye of which 37 were that of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR). Seven patients (5.9%) had neuro-ophthalmic disorders. One patient presented with proptosis due to orbital lymphoma. Four patients (3.4%) had episcleritis and 3 patients (2.5%) had symptomatic dry eyes. It is still not known if episcleritis and dry eyes are associated with HIV infection or are coincidental. Fifty-one patients (43.2%) had no ocular pathology and remained so throughout the period of study. Nine patients (7.6%) had more than one pathology. The major cause of visual loss was due to ocular infections, with CMVR being most prevalent. Recognising the ophthalmic signs in HIV patients will facilitate early diagnosis. Prompt treatment of eye involvement can prevent or delay blindness, which is psychologically and functionally important to these patients.
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PMID:Ophthalmic manifestations in human immunodeficiency virus infection in Singapore. 949 60

Described in the paper are the results of examination of the local immunity in patients with demodectic blepharoconjunctivitis (DBC). Demodicosis of the eyes was established to develop in impairments of the local immunity described by a lower level of IL-4 in lacrimal fluid, a lower relative quantity of CD3+ cells, and a higher relative count of CD16+-lymphocytes infiltrating the eyelid-conjunctiva epithelium. The age-related immunodeficiency manifested as a decreased relative number of CD3+ and CD4+-lymphocytes infiltrating the eyelid-conjunctiva epithelium provokes a higher invasion of ticks and an increased morbidity of demodicosis among elderly people. DBC, when complicated by episcleritis or keratitis, is accompanied by a higher IgE level in lacrimal fluid and a decreased ratio of IgE/IL-4, which matters in prognostication and pathogenetic substantiation of DBC therapy.
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PMID:[Results of examination of the local immunity in demodectic blepharoconjunctivitis]. 1552 32

Juvenile-Takayasu arteritis (j-TA) is a difficult diagnosis and some patients develop uncommon manifestations and associated diseases that may contribute to the delayed diagnosis. Our aim was to identify the misdiagnoses, the associated diseases and the atypical manifestations observed in a j-TA Brazilian multicentre study. 71 children and adolescents who met the classification criteria for j-TA were included. The misdiagnoses, the associated diseases and the atypical manifestations were evaluated. 19 (26.8%) patients had misdiagnoses. The most common of them was aortic coarctation in six (8.4%) patients, followed by rheumatic fever in five (7.0%) and one patient presented with both former diagnoses. Limb pain (two patients), spondyloarthropathy, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), spinal arteriovenous malformation, polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) and fever of unknown origin (FUO) were other misdiagnoses. Patients who had misdiagnoses previously to j-TA diagnosis presented a trend to have a longer diagnosis delay. 11 (15.5%) patients had 14 TA-associated diseases, such as pulmonary tuberculosis (5 patients), rheumatic fever (2 patients), spondyloarthropathy, polyarticular JIA, Crohn's disease, Prader-Willi disease, diabetes mellitus, Moyamoya and primary immunodeficiency. 7 (9.9%) patients presented 10 atypical manifestations, such as pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema nodosum, myositis, chorea, enthesitis, episcleritis, uveitis, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and necrosis of extremities. Our study emphasizes the main misdiagnoses, associated diseases and atypical manifestations that occur in patients with j-TA and warns of the features that may alert paediatricians to this diagnosis, such as constitutional symptoms and elevated inflammatory markers.
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PMID:Takayasu arteritis in childhood: misdiagnoses at disease onset and associated diseases. 2968 55