Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 58-year-old, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative, male farmer presented with a right-sided hemorrhagic, exudative, eosinophilic, rapidly reaccumulating pleural effusion. Pleural biopsy revealed secondary deposits from a squamous cell carcinoma. Wet mount film of pleural fluid unexpectedly showed filariform larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis. Our observation suggests that strongyloidiasis should be considered as the etiological cause for pleural effusion of obscure etiology. The threshold for suspicion should be high if the pleural effusion is exudative and eosinophil rich.
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PMID:Eosinophilic pleural effusion and presence of filariform larva of Strongyloides stercoralis in a patient with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma deposits in the pleura. 1271 35

Fractionated extracts of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) peels were studied for cytotoxic activity, multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal activity, anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity and anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) activity. The potent cytotoxic activity against human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (HSC-2) and human submandibular gland tumor (HSG) cells was found in the acetone fractions (A4 and A5) with IC(50) ranging from 21 to 59 micro g/mL. However, the cytotoxic activity was not correlated with the radical intensity of the fractions. Three 70% MeOH extract fractions (70M2-4) produced radical and efficiently scavenged the O(2)(-) produced by hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase reaction. All of the fractions tested were not effective for anti-H. pylori and anti-HIV. Fractions H3 and H4 of hexane extract, and M2 and M3 of MeOH extract showed a remarkable MDR reversal activity comparable with that of (+/-)-verapamil (a positive control). These results indicate the therapeutic value of persimmon peel extracts as potential antitumor and MDR-reversing agents.
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PMID:Biological activity of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) peel extracts. 1274 86

To describe the pattern of ocular diseases seen during the study period. Retrospective review of surgical pathology and cytology records from January 1991 to December 1999. Reference was also made to case notes where necessary. A total of 225 orbital and ocular surgical pathology specimens were reviewed. One hundred and twenty-five (56.8%) were from males and 100 from females (ratio: 1.3:1). Over 50% of the specimens were obtained from children and young adults less than 20 years of age. There were 168 tumours, with malignancies accounting for 73.8% of all tumours. Other pathological lesions included, inflammatory conditions, benign tumours, and degenerative conditions, which represent 21.8%, 19.6%, and 2.2% of all lesions respectively. Retinoblastoma accounted for 57.3% of all malignancies, the age range was 3 months to 12 years, mean 2.65 years. The modal age was 2 years. Squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva, accounting for 12.1% of all malignancies was the commonest malignancy seen in the adult age group. Malignant melanoma was rare and no case of Kaposi's sarcoma was seen. Commonest non-neoplastic lesions resulting in enucleation of the eye were panophthalmitis and endophthalmitis. Human immunodeficiency virus screening was only done in 3 of 8 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and was positive in 2 of them. Malignancies of the eye and orbit continue to make up majority of orbit and ocular pathologies requiring enucleation in children and young adults. Despite an observed increase in the frequency, insufficient information precludes evaluation of a link between HIV and squamous cell carcinoma as well as other obito-ocular lesions such as Kaposi sarcoma.
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PMID:A clinicopathological study of orbito-ocular diseases in Ibadan between 1991-1999. 1503 69

Fractionation of barbados cherry (acerola fruit, a fruit of Malpighia emarginata DC.) extracts were performed by organic solvent extractions and column chromatographies, using two extraction methods. Higher cytotoxic activity was concentrated in fractions A4 and A6 (acetone extract), and H3 and HE3 (hexane extract). These four fractions showed higher cytotoxic activity against tumor cell lines such as human oral squamous cell carcinoma (HSC-2) and human submandibular gland carcinoma (HSG), when compared with that against normal cells such as human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLF) and human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). HE2 (hexane extract), AE2 (ethyl acetate extract), AE3, AE4, AE5, A8, A9 and A10 showed some relatively higher anti-bacterial activity on the Gram-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 1228 but were ineffective on the representative Gram-negative species E. coli and Ps. aeruginosa. The fractions were inactive against Helicobacter pylori, two representative Candida species, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). H3, H4 and HE3, which displayed higher tumor-specific cytotoxicity also showed higher multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal activity, than (+/-)-verapamil as positive control. ESR spectroscopy shows that the radical-mediated oxidation is not involved in the induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic activity. The tumor specific cytotoxic activity and MDR reversal activity of barbados cherry may suggest its possible application for cancer therapy.
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PMID:Biological activity of barbados cherry (acerola fruits, fruit of Malpighia emarginata DC) extracts and fractions. 1510 68

In human immunodeficiency virus infection as well as in related syndromes, cervico-facial and otorhino-laryngologic manifestations are current. A retrospective study in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology service of Brazzaville University Hospital from December 1995 to November 2001 has been reported. 253 patients were selected from a total of 1352 consultations. The study population is young (average age: 34 +/- 4.8 years), and most of the patients are 30 to 49 years old (75.9%). Men represent 51% and women 49%. Although sexual multipartnership (59.7%) is the main risk factor, traditional practices (22.8%) are not neglictible in Africa. Among all cases, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is found in 72.3% of cases. The affections are located in the neck (40.5%), ear (24.9%), pharynx (17.3%), rhinosinus (13.3%), oral cavity and vestibule (2.7%) and larynx (1.3%). These main affections are represented by: parotidosis (20.1%), peripheric facial paralysis (15.4%), pharyngeal candidiasis (14.6%), sinusitis (14.2%) and ganglial tuberculosis (11.5%). Lymphoma (7 cases), kaposi's sarcoma (7 cases) and epidermoid carcinoma (1 case) are the malignant affections identified in 15 cases (6%). The diagnosis of some affections like cystic parotiditis (11%), noma (1.6%), African histoplasmosis (0.4%) and rhinoscleroma (0.4%) constitutes this study particularity The Oto-rhino-laryngologist's role is important in early diagnosis of HIV infection as well as in the followed-up of patients.
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PMID:[Cervico-facial and ENT symptoms due to HIV infection in tropical area. About 253 Congolese cases]. 1510 61

There are very few reported cases of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in patients with a background of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We report a case of a 42-year-old man who developed a T2 N0 left vocal cord well differentiated SCC with an 11 year history of HIV infection. He successfully completed a course of radical radiotherapy 66 Gy in 33 fractions over 47 days. During his treatment he experienced only a grade 1 Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) acute toxicity reaction to the larynx and no weight loss. At 32 months follow up he remains disease free and has no significant late morbidity. Prior to his radiotherapy his CD4 count was 350 cells mm(-3); we discuss the view that the treatment chosen needs to be individually tailored with respect to the patient's immune status.
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PMID:Case report: radical radiotherapy for early laryngeal cancer in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus: no evidence of increased toxicity. 1515 76

A patient with cervical non-Hodgkin lymphoma was treated with chemotherapy. Fourteen months after the diagnosis of the lymphoma, an endometrial adenocarcinoma was detected as a secondary malignant tumor. The patient was treated with surgery followed by radiotherapy. Approximately 7 years after the diagnosis of endometrial cancer, vaginal invasive squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed as the third primary malignancy, and a second-line palliative radiotherapy was applied. Seven months after the last radiotherapy, postradiational sarcoma in the vagina was diagnosed. Congenital and acquired immune system disorders, viral oncogenes, and various human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types were investigated. Total blood count and lymphocyte subset analysis were performed, and CD4+ lymphopenia was detected. Serologic tests were carried out for human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, human papillomavirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and herpes simplex virus infection. Epstein-Barr virus viral capsid antigen IgG was found positive. Low-risk human papillomavirus panel was detected by Hybrid Capture method in the cervical smear. The HLA investigation revealed HLA-A2, HLA-A3, HLA-B57, HLA-B35, HLA-B4, HLA-B6, HLA-DR3, HLA-DR1, HLA-DR51, HLA-DR52, HLA-DQ6(1), and HLA-DQ7(3). The patient died because of the disease.
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PMID:A case with multiple gynecological malignancies. 1582 28

Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased risk of developing skin cancers. These at-risk patients may have atypical presentations and/or altered clinical courses. This article will review and discuss management issues for the following malignancies: lymphomas, malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma.
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PMID:Approach to the treatment of cutaneous malignancy in HIV-infected patients. 1584 15

Anastasia Black (Russian sweet pepper) of Capsicum annuum L. var. angulosum Mill. (Solanaceae) was successively extracted with hexane, acetone, methanol and 70% methanol, and the extracts were further separated into a total of twenty-three fractions by silica gel or octadecylsilane (ODS; C18) column chromatography. These extracts and fractions were investigated for their cytotoxicity, anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), urease inhibition and multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal activity. Some fractions of hexane and acetone extracts showed higher cytotoxic activity against three human oral tumor cell lines (squamous cell carcinoma HSC-2, HSC-3, submandibular gland carcinoma HSG) than against three normal human oral cells (gingival fibroblast HGF, pulp cell HPC, periodontal ligament fibroblast HPLF), suggesting a tumor-specific cytotoxic activity. No fractions displayed anti-HIV activity, but some hydrophobic fractions showed higher anti-H. pylori activity, urease inhibition activity and MDR reversal activity. The higher MDR activity of these fractions against MDR gene-transfected L5178 mouse lymphoma T cells may possibly be due to their higher content of carotene or polyphenol. These data suggest that Anastasia Black should be further investigated as a potent supplement for cancer chemotherapy.
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PMID:Bioactivities of anastasia black (Russian sweet pepper). 1615 35

Carotenoid fractions were extracted from red paprika, Valencia orange peel and the peel of Golden delicious apple. Thus, hypophasic carotenoids of paprika (PM1), orange (PM3) and apple (PM4), and epiphasic extractions of paprika (PM2) and apple (PM5) were obtained by extraction, saponification and partition between MeOH-H(2)O (9:1) (hypophasic) and hexane (epiphasic). A high content of capsanthin was quantified in hypophasic carotenoids (PM1) from red spice paprika, whereas the hypophasic fractions from orange (PM3) and apple (PM4) were mainly composed of violaxanthin, zeaxanthin and lutein. On the other hand, a high content of beta,beta-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin was found in epiphasic fractions (PM2 and PM5). The extracts were studied for their anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), cytotoxic, multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal and radical scavenging activity. Among five PM extracts and beta,betacarotene, PM4 showed potent anti-H. pylori activity (MIC(50) = 36 microg/mL), comparable to metronidazole (MIC(50) = 45 microg/mL). The extracts were inactive against HIV. PM3 and PM4 showed slightly higher cytotoxic activity against three human tumor cell lines (squamous cell carcinoma HSC-2, HSC-3, submandibular gland carcinoma HSG) and human promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells than against three normal human oral cells (gingival fibroblast HGF, pulp cell HPC, periodontal ligament fibroblast HPLF), suggesting a tumor-specific cytotoxic activity. PM1, PM3 and PM4 displayed much higher MDR-reversing activity than (+/-)-verapamil. ESR spectroscopy demonstrated that PM1-5 and beta,beta-carotene produced little or no detectable radical under alkaline conditions and did not scavenge the O(2) (-) produced by the hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase reaction. On the other hand, PM1 and PM2 scavenged efficiently 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, whereas singlet oxygen was also quenched efficiently by PM5 and PM2. The data suggest the potential importance of carotenoids as possible anti-H. pylori and MDR reversal agents. The active principles in the carotenoid extract might differ, depending upon the types of fruits and vegetables.
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PMID:Biological activity of carotenoids in red paprika, Valencia orange and Golden delicious apple. 1617 74


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