Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

B and T lymphocytes separation by use of various cell markers had been previously described. These differential lymphocyte subpopulation counts have been helpful in elucidating immunodeficiency, lymphoproliferative and other disease states. Expanding clinical utility has moved these assays into the general laboratory for routine determination. Specific methodology for differentiation of B and T cell subpopulations is described. The mean T cell population is 68.1 percent +/- 4.2 and the mean B cell population is 8.4 percent +/- 2.1 for 30 ambulatory normals. A bi-modal distribution of T and B lymphocyte cell lines is noted in a family with a high incidence of carcinoma. Preliminary data on patients in the diabetic clinic of the Medical University of South Carolina shows a statistically significant difference in the T cell population of diabetics versus normal.
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PMID:B and T lymphocytes: methodology and normal ranges. 30 85

Two patients had adenocarcinoma of the stomach in association with common variable immunodeficiency syndrome. There has been an increased prevalence of malignancy in this late-onset immunodeficient state. Similar to five previously reported cases, our patients had gastric carcinoma as a late complication. Further documentation of this association stresses the need for long-term follow-up in this premalignant condition.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoma of the stomach with common variable immunodeficiency syndrome. 71 18

Nowadays there are references that immuno-reactions of patients with carcinoma against tumour-associated antigens are of essential significance for the development and progressing of tumours. Also the frequent appearance of neoplasms in primary immunodeficiency syndromes indicates this fact. Also in human leukaemias there exist leukaemia-associated antigens. Humoral as well as cell-bound immunoreactions may be proved. Possibly leukaemia-associated immunoglobulins are blocking factors which prevent the cellular immunoreactions against leukaemia-associated membrane antigens. The presence of specific reactions against antigens on leukaemia-cells was the condition for a successful immunotherapy. Despite many theoretical possibilities the immunotherapy in the clinic at present restricts to the BCG-vaccination and to the application of living or irradiated leukaemia-cells. The hitherto reported results are encouraging.
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PMID:[Prerequisites and possibilities of immunotherapy in acute leukemias]. 108 36

Human papillomavirus (HPV) detection was done using the polymerase chain reaction technique on tumor tissue from 44 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Only one of the 44 was associated with HPV infection. The HPV-positive patient was not known to have immunodeficiency or genital warts, and the tumor was not morphologically different from the other tumors. Control experiments excluded the possibility that this finding was caused by contamination of the sample. This study confirms that HPV infection is a rare condition in bladder carcinoma.
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PMID:Low incidence of human papillomavirus type 16 DNA in bladder tumor detected by the polymerase chain reaction. 131 Aug 88

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been classically associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt's lymphoma, a monoclonal B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Since the EBV genome has also been found in post-transplant lymphomas and lymphomas arising in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, evidence has now accumulated that EBV might be the initiator of a multi-step process leading from polyclonal B-cell hyperplasias to monoclonal lymphoma. In a retrospective study of 60 T-cell lymphomas of various types, we found EBV DNA in 21 (35%) using Southern- and/or dot-blot techniques. Eight of 14 nodal samples of angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (57%) were shown to harbour detectable EBV DNA. The tumour with the next highest frequency, 47% (7/15 cases analyzed) was pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma, medium- and large-cell type; EBV was found both in nodal and in extranodal lymphomas of this type. Lymphoepitheloid (Lennert's) lymphoma and large-cell anaplastic lymphoma were positive in 2/5 and 3/8, respectively, of the cases analyzed. No viral DNA could be demonstrated in 3 T-immunoblastic and 5 T-lymphoblastic lymphomas. Clonotypic analysis revealed monoclonal as well as oligoclonal virus populations. Our data suggest that, at least in some of these entities, the presence of the EBV genome might be due to secondary mechanisms such as escape from immune surveillance.
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PMID:Prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in different T-cell lymphoma entities in a European population. 131 68

Infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a major feature of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Gastrointestinal involvement is being seen more frequently. Our collective experience involves nine patients with stomach involvement. Seven patients were intravenous drug abusers or homosexuals with AIDS. One developed CMV gastritis as a complication of leukemia and one patient was a West African with lymphoma and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. All our patients had biopsy-proven CMV inclusion bodies. The radiographic appearances varied widely. The findings included markedly thickened edematous folds, erosive gastritis with aphthous ulceration, and superficial and deep ulceration. One patient had deep ulceration with fistula formation. Computed tomographic (CT) scans confirmed the greatly thickened gastric wall and coarsened folds in two patients. Associated gastrointestinal infections included candida and herpes, and, in addition, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) was present in two patients. CMV gastritis may mimic several other conditions including erosive gastritis, peptic ulceration, lymphoma, and carcinoma. It should be strongly considered in immunosuppressed patients.
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PMID:Cytomegalovirus gastritis: protean radiologic features. 131 63

The phenotype and cytotoxic activity of lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL) from the colorectal mucosa have been investigated primarily to analyse the role of LPL in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The results reported here show that LPL strictly required a proliferative stimulus [either interleukin-2 (IL-2) or phytohaemaglutinin (PHA) to develop strong in vitro cytotoxicity, since freshly isolated LPL do not exhert cytotoxicity against either natural killer (NK)-sensitive or NK-resistant target cells. The cytotoxicity of activated LPL against a large panel of myeloid tumours or colorectal carcinoma target cells shows the irrelevance of the tissue origin of target cells. Moreover, activated LPL lysed HIV-infected H9 cells more efficiently than peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), and were susceptible to HIV infection. In contrast, unstimulated LPL failed to be cytotoxic and susceptible to HIV. Thus, we strongly suggest that for the lymphocytes of the colorectal mucosa expression of cytotoxic activity and susceptibility to HIV-infection show two faces of the same coin, and therefore may be relevant in understanding the mechanisms and paths of transmission of HIV infection.
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PMID:Cytotoxic activity of intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected cells. 162 89

The ability of a variety of epithelial, embryonal, placental, and neuronal cells to express the CD4 antigen and to be infected by human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) was examined. Only two (IMR-32 and HeLa-T4) expressed CD4 detectable by indirect immunofluorescence, and both were infectable by HIV-1. Two others, a human laryngeal carcinoma (HEp-2) and human colonic carcinoma (HT-29), did not express CD4 antigen but were infectable by HIV-1. Infection of the HEp-2 cells was detectable four months (and 20 serial passages) later. Infection of HEp-2 cells was not inhibited by anti CD4 monoclonal antibody but was by the lectin concanavalin A. These results suggest the presence of a receptor other than CD4 can be involved in HIV-1 infection.
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PMID:Growth of human immunodeficiency virus I in cultured cells in the absence of the CD4 antigen. 180 30

In populations with non-HIV immunodeficiency, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and soft tissue sarcoma, especially Kaposi's sarcoma, are the most prominent tumours, but Hodgkin's disease, gastric carcinoma, squamous cell skin cancer, malignant melanoma, hepatoma, myeloid leukaemia and/or colorectal carcinoma have been linked in various studies. Population based cancer registries and cohort studies of HIV infected persons have generally failed to detect HIV related increases in total cancer incidence or in specific tumours other than non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma; however, associations with anal carcinoma, hepatoma and Hodgkin's disease have been suggested by some studies. Although not indicating increased risk, HIV induced immunosuppression has been linked to an acceleration of cervical and anal neoplasia and to increased aggressiveness of Hodgkin's disease with a relative excess of the mixed cellularity type. Advances in treatment for HIV infection will delay progression to AIDS and may allow an altered natural history to emerge, including the occurrence of excesses of additional cancer types.
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PMID:HIV infection and cancers other than non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma. 182 20

50 conisation or hysterectomy specimens with different degrees of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), carcinoma in situ (CiS) or invasive carcinoma, as well as controls, were studied by conventional histological methods as well as by immunohistochemistry. In CIN I and II there is a significant reduction of T lymphocytes, macrophages and T accessory cells, whereby CIN III, CiS and invasive carcinoma show a noticeable increase in the number of immunocompetent cells. The depletion of immunocompetent cells in CIN probably represent a local immunodeficiency state which permits progression of HPV-associated CIN, whilst the marked increase of accessory and effector cells in the stroma of high grade CIN and invasive carcinoma does not appear to exert control over the neoplastic cells, due to an ineffective tumour-specific activation.
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PMID:[Local immune reactions in carcinoma in situ and cervix cancer--a histologic and immunohistochemical study]. 185 Nov 16


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