Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using blot hybridization, we analyzed 10 bladder tumors (1 transitional cell carcinoma in situ, 1 adenocarcinoma, and 8 papillary tumors) for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA. We detected HPV 16 DNA in a transitional cell carcinoma in situ, whereas no HPV DNA was found in the other bladder tumors. The patient, a 40-year-old female, who harbored HPV 16 DNA in the bladder tumor, had mild immunodeficiency and recently suffered from the bladder tumor, common warts on the right hand, Bowen's disease of the vulva, and severe dysplasia of the vaginal wall. From each of these lesions, we detected the DNA of HPV 16 or an unclassified HPV. HPV DNAs existed in nonintegrated form in all lesions examined. To our knowledge, this is the first case in which a bladder tumor was shown to harbor HPV DNA. However, HPV does not seem to be regularly present in bladder tumor, because we could not detect HPV DNA from the most common bladder tumor, i.e., papillary tumor. Our demonstration of HPV 16 DNA in a transitional cell carcinoma in situ of the bladder suggests that HPV may be associated with some of the bladder tumors of this type.
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PMID:Presence of human papillomavirus type 16 genome in bladder carcinoma in situ of a patient with mild immunodeficiency. 284 65

The novel herpesvirus-like DNA sequences, which were identified in AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and designated KS associated herpesvirus (KSHV) or human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), have been reported to be associated with various forms of KS. Here, we searched for the presence of KSHV sequences in various other skin lesions including premalignant or malignant skin tumors of a total of 69 clinical cases without immunodeficiency due to AIDS or following organ transplantation. Strikingly high rates of detection were obtained for premalignant Bowen's disease and malignant squamous cell carcinoma, accounting for 71.4% and 50%, respectively. A less frequent but as yet high incidence (33.3%) was scored for actinic keratosis, a premalignant epidermal disorder. In contrast, the frequency remained low (16.7%) for another type of proliferative skin lesions of extramammary Paget's disease and non-proliferative skin lesions (dermatitis, morphea, epidermal cyst and scar). These results suggest a close association of KSHV with at least some non-KS malignant and premalignant skin lesions in non-immunocompromised patients.
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PMID:Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) sequences in premalignant and malignant skin tumors. 897 35

A 39-year-old man with Bowen's disease was troubled with multiple molluscum contagiosum over the trunk and lower extremities. Subsequently oral candidiasis was complicated. Laboratory examination revealed lymphocytopenia and a decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio. His CD4+ T-lymphocyte count was only 187 cells/microl one time and 222 cells/microl another time. No evidence for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was found. He had no family history of immunodeficiencies.
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PMID:Idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia with Bowen's disease. 939 44

Although it is not proven by causative association, several studies indicate that patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) have a high risk for developing cutaneous malignancies, especially lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma. Other malignant cutaneous lesions seen in this patient population include basal-cell carcinoma, squamous-cell cancer, Bowen's disease, and rarely, malignant melanoma. We review the clinical course of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected man with a superficial spreading melanoma of the scapula treated with wide local excision. Ten years later, he was diagnosed as having metastatic and widespread disease. By placing our patient's experience in context with other case reports, we sought to determine whether malignant melanoma in the HIV-infected population presents atypically or has a more aggressive natural history. The appearance of malignant melanoma in homosexual men may be coincidental or reflective of the expanding spectrum of HIV-associated diseases. Of the 22 patients reported to have malignant melanoma and HIV, approximately one-third had metastatic disease at the time of initial examination, and those with a decreased CD4+ cell count were most likely to have systemic symptoms. Melanomas among patients with HIV infection were often atypical in appearance, being multiple or metastatic, as is the case in other well-defined immunosuppressed groups. Further epidemiological and clinical studies are required to determine whether melanoma occurs more frequently or is more likely to metastasize in persons with HIV disease. Laboratory investigators must also concentrate on those factors in the setting of HIV disease that may contribute to melanocyte activation. Our patient's fulminant clinical course should alert clinicians to carefully evaluate patients with HIV infection and unusual pigmented cutaneous lesions, or who have a prior history of malignant melanoma.
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PMID:Malignant melanoma in an HIV-infected man: a case report and literature review. 958 30

Cutaneous horn and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ (i.e., Bowen's disease) were documented concurrently in a cat. The cat had multiple, crusted lesions and a cutaneous horn on the right dorsal lumbar area. All the crusted cutaneous lesions were diagnosed as SCC in situ. Other findings included the presence of a thymoma and hepatoma. This cat was tested, and results were negative for feline leukemia and feline immunodeficiency viruses. At necropsy (eight months after the initial diagnosis was made) the hepatoma had ruptured, resulting in exsanguination and death.
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PMID:Cutaneous horn and squamous cell carcinoma in situ (Bowen's disease) in a cat. 982 83

We describe a 67-year-old woman with disseminated warts which she had had for more than 38 years. The lesions consisted of common and plane warts, wart-like plaques and red-brownish macules similar to those in pityriasis versicolor. Furthermore, during follow-up, several solar keratoses, plaques of Bowen's disease and invasive squamous cell carcinomas were excised. The patient also had T-cell immunodeficiency of unknown aetiology. Histopathology demonstrated that all the warts showed the cytopathological features of common warts, but not those of the warts in epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV). We investigated the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in the warts by blot hybridization and molecular cloning and found that the lesions harboured HPV 2, but not EV-HPVs or other HPVs. In addition, the histopathological distribution of the viral DNA was confirmed in paraffin sections of warts from the patient at different ages by in situ hybridization. However, these investigations yielded negative results in specimens of Bowen's disease and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. These results demonstrated that the patient had been infected with HPV 2 from childhood, but the negative results for detection of DNA of HPV 2 in carcinomas from the patient do not support an oncogenic potential for HPV 2. In conclusion, HPV 2, an aetiological agent of common warts in the general population, may induce a lifelong severe verrucosis in some immunosuppressed patients.
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PMID:Lifelong severe verrucosis associated with human papillomavirus type 2: report of a case with a 38-year follow-up. 999 Mar 78

Bowen's disease of the penis is relatively uncommon, but the prevalence has increased in recent years. Risk factors for penile squamous cell cancer include smoking, infection with human papilloma virus (HPV), immunosuppression, and a history of conditions such as balanitis, phimosis, and lichen sclerosis et atrophicus. Bowen's disease of the penis is often managed by local excision of the lesion. Less invasive methods are now employed more frequently and include laser ablation, electrodessication and curettage, cryosurgery, application of5-fluorouracil, and topical imiquimod 5% cream. This case report describes the successful treatment of Bowen's disease of the penis with topical imiquimod 5% cream in a 42-year-old African American male with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease.
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PMID:Bowen's disease of the penis treated with topical imiquimod 5% cream. 1850 44

Anogenital pre-malignancies and malignancies are frequently encountered. Aetiopathogenetically, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection plays a critical role. However, there is a variable degree of association of HPV infection with the development of anogenital malignancies. In this context, the high level of clinically unapparent HPV infection should be considered. Therefore, the question arises if the association with HPV is always causative. Besides HPV, pre-existent lichen sclerosus is also an important aetiopathologic factor in the development of anogenital malignancies. Common anogenital pre-malignancies comprise Bowen's disease (BD), Bowenoid papulosis (BP) and erythroplasia of Queyrat (EQ). From a clinical point of view, these are clearly different entities, but from a histopathological point of view, BD, BP and EQ are indistinguishable. They all represent forms of squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (IN). Intraepithelial neoplasia (IN) is not only restricted to squamous variants, but also includes non-squamous IN, Paget's disease (PD) and melanoma in situ. The risk of developing anogenital (pre)malignancies or other tumours is higher in immunocompromised and immunodeficient patients, in particular those suffering from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Such risk factors will affect treatment and follow-up modalities. Regarding prophylactic measures, a relatively recent but very important development is the availability of HPV vaccination on a large scale. Momentarily, the effects of such vaccination, on a population-based scale, are not yet clear but will become apparent in the near future. Management of anogenital pre-malignancies and malignancies should be tailor-made and may be organized in a multidisciplinary fashion.
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PMID:Anogenital malignancies and pre-malignancies. 2127 92

Bowen's disease (BD) is a form of squamous cell carcinoma in situ often associated with human papillomavirus. Co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with a greater risk of malignancy. We describe a case of BD in a 52-year-old unmarried HIV-positive male who presented with extensive skin lesions of 1-year duration. Histopathology was suggestive of BD. He had been tried with topical imiquimod cream and cryo-therapy for 6 months. We observed no response for these above therapies. He was started on with anti-retroviral therapy (ART) as his CD4 count was 253 cells/mm3. The entire cutaneous lesions completely disappeared within 6 months of ART, which was an interesting incidence.
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PMID:Anti-retroviral therapy's miracle in the treatment of Bowen's disease in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient: A rare case report. 2789 Sep 59

Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is an uncommon intraepithelial carcinoma usually found as an irregular, pruritic plaque on the apocrine-rich anogenital skin. Diagnosis of EMPD is challenging due to the rarity of the disease and the uncharacteristic clinical aspect and requires histopathological confirmation. We report the case of a 62-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive male, which presents with a lesion of the left part of pubic area with clinical and dermatoscopic appearance suggestive for Bowen's disease but with histopathological diagnosis of EMPD. We present pathological and immunohistochemical data to confirm the diagnosis.
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PMID:Extramammary Paget's disease in an HIV-positive patient. 2925 Jun 82


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