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Query: UMLS:C0021051 (immunodeficiency)
 71,517 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

46 subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were followed up to determine psychiatric morbidity, both prior to and after information regarding their HIV status was revealed to them. Among these patients, 4 had AIDS syndrome while 42 individuals were HIV carriers. The preinformation morbidity in the AIDS group included 2 individuals who presented with delirium and 1 with an adjustment disorder. The psychiatric diagnosis among the HIV carriers revealed 1 patient with major depression, 4 with adjustment disorders, and 4 with alcohol dependence syndrome. The additional morbidity after the diagnosis was revealed and included major depression and adjustment disorders which could be managed by psychological intervention and counseling in most instance. The individual who later developed major depression committed suicide. The study, though preliminary in nature, suggests that it may be beneficial to include psychiatric management as past of the general care of individuals with HIV infection.
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PMID:Psychiatric morbidity in HIV infected individuals. 185 20

To determine differences in inpatient psychiatric morbidity, a total of 573 soldiers seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were matched with 2,266 seronegative soldiers by age, sex, race, marital status, military rank, length of active service, military occupation, and date of HIV test. An HIV-infected individual was seven times more likely to be hospitalized than an uninfected individual. The rate of total hospitalizations was 16 times higher for the HIV-infected soldiers. The median length of hospital stay was six days for the infected soldiers and four days for the control group. The incidence of psychosis, organic mental disorders, and adjustment disorder in the HIV-infected group was significantly higher.
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PMID:Inpatient psychiatric morbidity of HIV-infected soldiers. 186 73

Ninety-five randomly selected human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive Air Force personnel were psychiatrically examined during a routine medical evaluation. Of the 95, 95% did not have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and were largely asymptomatic; 61.1% had clinical axis I diagnoses, which included simple phobia, adjustment disorders, hypoactive sexual desire disorder, alcohol use disorder, major depression, and organic mental disorders; 30.5% had personality disorders. Significantly higher frequencies (p less than 0.05) of simple phobia and hypoactive sexual desire disorder were noted with knowledge of HIV seropositivity. Disorders that occurred more commonly than in age-matched Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) participants included: simple phobia, antisocial personality disorder, alcohol abuse, and organic mental disorders. The high prevalence of major psychiatric illness in this sample supports the notion that screening for psychiatric illness, and counseling where indicated, should be integral to HIV screening programs.
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PMID:Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a mandatory screening program for infection with human immunodeficiency virus: a pilot study. 210 56

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has created a multidimensional crisis that is challenging the health care system. Individuals with or without risk behaviors have anxieties about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and need support and counseling. Once symptoms of HIV infection develop, crisis intervention and support need to be integrated into ongoing medical care. A biopsychosocial approach enables persons with AIDS to develop strategies for coping, to improve adherence, and to prevent transmission and suicide. Persons with AIDS are confronted with severe illnesses, neuropsychiatric disorders, discrimination, and death. Each person deserves the best medical and psychologic care available and the services of other disciplines where indicated. Caregivers, anxious about contagion, are devastated by the complexity, severity, and multiplicity of the illnesses that comprise AIDS and the lack of adequate resources to combat the epidemic. AIDS is a paradigm of a medical illness that requires a biopsychosocial approach. Psychiatric sequelae complicate the HIV epidemic, affecting both the uninfected and infected. The psychiatric manifestations of the uninfected include anxiety, phobia, factitious disorder, delusions, and Munchausen's AIDS. Psychiatric disorders associated with HIV infection include organic mental disorders, substance abuse disorder, affective disorders, adjustment disorders, anxiety disorders, and personality disorders. The consultation-liaison (C-L) psychiatrist is in a unique position to clarify and treat the psychiatric complications and to provide leadership for multidisciplinary programs. The biopsychosocial approach enables persons with HIV infection, their loved ones, and caregivers to meet the challenges of the HIV epidemic with compassion, optimism, and dignity.
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PMID:Biopsychosocial approach to the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic. A clinician's primer. 240 16

While it is not yet known what role anxiety may play in causing or exacerbating the immunologic aberration characteristic of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with a high incidence of psychologic and neuropsychiatric complications, including anxiety and adjustment disorders. The anxiety may be exacerbated by the isolation and fear patients may experience as a result of the stigma attached to the HIV diagnosis. The author addresses the consequences of anxiety related to the AIDS stigma and discusses appropriate psychiatric interventions.
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PMID:Anxiety and stigmatizing aspects of HIV infection. 268 Nov 75

Cerebral infection with human immunodeficiency virus can result in the development of symptoms covering a wide spectrum of psychiatric disorders and including adjustment disorders, affective disorders, delirium and dementia. The rapid and insidious nature of the disease requires an approach that relies on differential diagnosis, thorough psychiatric and neurological examination and, when indicated, additional tests such as EEG, LP, CT or MRI. The treatment of psychiatric symptoms is based on traditional pharmacological principles, although at lower doses due to the patients' propensity to develop delirium. Supportive psychotherapy and education of the patient and his family on the special aspects of HIV-associated psychiatric disorders are also cornerstones of treatment.
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PMID:[HIV infection of the central nervous system: psychiatric consequences]. 338 Oct 71

Psychiatric consultation was requested for 22 of 150 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC) admitted to St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney. The mean age of the patients was 35 years and all were homosexual or bisexual men. Ten patients had an organic brain syndrome: six as a result of cerebral opportunistic infection, two due to metabolic or iatrogenic causes and two apparently due to the direct neurotropic effects of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Hallucinations and delusions were documented in five patients, of whom two had symptoms that fulfilled the criteria for a diagnosis of functional psychosis. Four patients were diagnosed as having adjustment disorder-depressive mood and one patient may have had a major depressive illness. Marked denial of illness was seen in two patients and four had markedly slow mentation with only mild or no evidence of cognitive impairment. It is concluded that patients with AIDS may have a wide variety of neuropsychiatric manifestations.
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PMID:Requests for psychiatric consultation concerning 22 patients with AIDS and ARC. 343 75

With increasing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) activity and improvement in outcomes, there are many thousands of HSCT survivors currently being followed by non-transplant clinicians for their healthcare. Several types of late sequelae from HSCT have been noted, and awareness of these complications is important in minimizing late morbidity and mortality. Late effects can include toxicities from the treatment regimen, infections from immunodeficiency, endocrine disturbances, growth impairment, psychosocial adjustment disorders, second malignancies, and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). A variety of risk factors for these complications have been noted. The clinician should be alert to the potential for these health issues. Preventive and treatment strategies can minimize morbidity from these problems and optimize outcomes.
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PMID:Stem cell transplantation: supportive care and long-term complications. 1244 35