Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

As shown in our previous study, hypothermia provokes a variety of hormonal changes including inhibition of insulin secretion and increase in blood serum glucagon level. According to Therminarias et al. the administration of exogenous insulin to dogs subjected to hypothermia causes a calorigenic effect by enhancing oxygen consumption and rising the intensity of shivering thermogenesis. The study was aimed at establishing whether exogenous insulin administered to rats subjected to brief hypothermia and having the shivering thermogenesis blocked by thiobutabarbital anesthesia can influence rectal temperature, the levels of some hormones and energy metabolism. The results obtained suggest that 1) insulin administration causes an increase in the energy charge potential (ECP) both in the liver and in skeletal muscle of the rat, indicating the domination of anabolic processes both in normothermic and hypothermic conditions, 2) there is a negative correlation between the levels of insulin and free fatty acids and the activity of isocitric dehydrogenase in rat liver mitochondria, and 3) the administration of insulin at a dose provoking metabolic response both in normothermic and hypothermic conditions was ineffective in provoking temperature response, indicating the existence of a functional dissociation between the various effects of the same dose of exogenous insulin.
Endokrynol Pol 1993
PMID:[Effect of insulin on temperature and metabolic responses in rats during normothermia and hypothermia]. 805 Mar 87

The effect of repeated administration of (+)-OXA (a noradrenaline (NA) uptake inhibitor) and (-)-OXA (devoid of an effect on the NA uptake, but a clinically active antidepressant drug) on central 5-HT receptor subpopulations was studied. (-)-OXA given repeatedly, but not acutely, attenuated the 8-OH-DPAT-induced hypothermia in mice. (+)-OXA administered acutely, as well as repeatedly, was inactive in that test. The 8-OH-DPAT-induced syndrome in rats was attenuated by both OXA isomers administered either acutely or repeatedly. The hypothermia induced by m-CPP in mice was attenuated by single-dose administration of (+)-OXA and (-)-OXA; when given repeatedly, (+)-OXA increased the action of m-CPP. (-)-OXA administered repeatedly was inactive in that test. Either single or repeated administration of (+)-OXA had practically no effect on the depression of exploratory activity induced by m-CPP. (-)-OXA administered acutely or repeatedly attenuated the effect of m-CPP in the same manner. Acute, but not chronic, administration of (-)-OXA reduced the number of head-twitch episodes induced by 5-HTP in mice. Repeated, but not acute, treatment with (+)-OXA attenuated the effect of 5-HTP. The obtained results indicate that (+)-OXA administered repeatedly increases the reactivity of 5-HT1B receptors, decreases the reactivity of 5-HT2 receptors, and has no effect on the reactivity of 5-HT1A- (pre- and postsynaptic) and 5-HT1C-receptors. (-)-OXA given repeatedly decreases the reactivity of presynaptic 5-HT1A receptors and has no influence on the reactivity of postsynaptic 5-HT1A-, 5-HT1B-, 5-HT1C- and 5-HT2-receptors.
Pol J Pharmacol
PMID:The effect of repeated treatment with oxaprotiline enantiomers on central 5-HT receptor subpopulations. 840 66

The acute phase of spinal cord injury includes primary and secondary pathological patterns. Primary patterns include the effects of contusion, laceration, stretch of neural tissue and direct vascular trauma. These changes are irreversible. Secondary patterns include posttraumatic ischemic changes, loss of energy metabolism, oedema, release of cytotoxic substances such as free radicals, and electrolyte changes such as an increase in intracellular calcium ions. These changes may be reversible. This determines treatment strategies. Free-radical scavengers, opioid receptor antagonists include TRH and its analogues, calcium channel blockers, volume expander, osmotic diuretics, hypothermia, antioxidants, cycloxygenase inhibitors, serotonin antagonists and NMDA receptor antagonists were tested in experimental models during the last 4 years. The successful treatment should break the feedback loops and trails of secondary injury cascade in many places so combined treatment connected with many elements and surgery decompression is necessary.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[The physiopathology of acute spinal cord injury and a hope for a successful treatment]. 865 40

Synthesis and the results of preliminary pharmacological evaluation of four new 9-substituted pyrimidino[2,1-f]purines, containing pyrimidinyl-piperazine substituent are described. Some of these substances induced hypothermia, antagonism of amphetamine action and neurotoxic effects. All compounds had weaker activity on the central nervous system than previously studied compounds containing phenyl-piperazine substituent.
Pol J Pharmacol
PMID:The influence of new 9-(omega-[4-(2-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinyl]alkyl) pyrimidino[2,1-f]purines on the central nervous system. 868 90

The behavioral and biochemical effects of EMD 57445, a selective sigma receptor ligand with potential antipsychotic activity, on the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system were studied in rats and mice. The drug influence was investigated in three behavioral tests: 8-OH-DPAT (5-HT1A agonist)-induced behavioral syndrome in rats, m-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP, 5-HT1B agonist)-induced hypothermia in mice and L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP)-induced head twitches (5-HT2A stimulation) in rats. EMD 57445 did not show any activity in all three behavioral models. In biochemical studies, no changes in the 5-HT and 5-HIAA levels in rat brain cortex, nucleus accumbens, striatum, hypothalamus and hippocampus were found. The results indicate that EMD 57445 does not interact with 5-HT (5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT2A) receptor subpopulations and does not affect 5-HT metabolism.
Pol J Pharmacol
PMID:EMD 57445, the selective sigma receptor ligand, has no effect on the 5-hydroxytryptamine system. 956 54

Pharmacological effects of acute treatment with venlafaxine (VEN), a clinically active antidepressant [a noradrenaline (NA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor without any affinity for neurotransmitter receptors] were studied in mice and rats. VEN inhibited the reserpine- or apomorphine-induced hypothermia and enhanced the L-5-HTP-induced head twitches in mice. It reduced the immobility time in Porsolt's test in mice and rats, but either did not change the locomotor activity (mice) or decreased it (rats). VEN reduced the locomotor hyperactivity induced by amphetamine (AMP), apomorphine (APO) and quinpirole (QUI), as well as the APO-induced stereotypy; the stereotypy induced by AMP in rats was prolonged. VEN neither changed the clonidine-induced aggressiveness in mice nor the behavioral syndrome induced by oxotremorine in rats. The obtained results indicate that VEN, given acutely, shows a pharmacological profile similar to that of tricyclic NA and 5-HT reuptake inhibitors. In contrast to the antidepressants mentioned above, VEN does not exhibit an alpha 1-adrenolytic or a cholinolytic activity (in vivo tests).
Pol J Pharmacol
PMID:Pharmacological profile of venlafaxine, a new antidepressant, given acutely. 979 62

The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of hypothermia on lactate level in the rat cerebral ischaemia. Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to injection of 0.05 ml of air into the ligation of left common carotid artery. Lactate level increased in cerebral hemispheres after 4 hours following air emboli. Mild hypothermia (28 degrees-31 degrees C) continued for 4 hours of cerebral ischaemia, and its beneficial effect was observed. A statistically significant decrease of lactate concentration was noted. The above phenomenon was confirmed by the increase of cerebral acidosis after 24 hours when mild hypothermia was interrupted from the 4th hour of the experiment on. It seems to be of a great importance to adjust proper time of initiation and a duration of hypothermia in cerebral ischaemia treatment.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Effect of hypothermia on lactate acidosis in experimental ischemia of rat brain]. 1035 29

The influence of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and pefloxacin on acute toxicity of ethanol, ethanol-induced hypothermia, ethanol sleeping time was investigated in mice. Moreover, the combined effect of fluoroquinolones and ethanol on spontaneous locomotor activity, motor coordination in mice and ethanol abstinence syndrome in rats was examined. The fluoroquinolones (20 and 80 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally. The drugs were given in single or repeated doses for 7 days. In acute experiments, drugs were given 30 min before ethanol administration. In chronic experiments, the last dose of fluoroquinolones was given 18 h prior to ethanol injection. It has been shown that the fluoroquinolones decrease acute toxicity of ethanol, antagonize its hypothermic effect, decrease ethanol inhibitory effect on motor coordination in mice, and increase ethanol-induced hypermotility in mice and audiogenic seizure response in rats during alcohol abstinence syndrome. Ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin administered repeatedly increase the influence of ethanol on duration of ethanol-induced sleep. The influence of fluoroquinolones on ethanol central action depends on the drug used, its dose and route of administration.
Pol J Pharmacol
PMID:Influence of fluoroquinolones on the central action of ethanol. 1038 47

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of changes of chosen immunological parameters on postoperative course patients after cardiopulmonary bypass operation. Complement components C3, C4 and immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, IgM were taken into account. The group consisted of 70 patients, 51 men at mean age 52.6 +/- 10.8 years and 19 women at mean age 50.7 +/- 11.0 years. All patients were operated in moderate hypothermia 26-32 degrees C with use of crystalloid cardioplegia. We used membrane oxygenators: Safe II (Polystan), Monolyth (Sorin), Maxima (Medtronic) and Bentley (Baxter). In 36 patients with multivessel coronary artery disease the internal thoracic artery and saphena vein grafts were performed. 27 patients underwent the valve prosthesis implantation procedure and 7 correction of the congenital heart dis-ease. The mean extracorporeal perfusion time was 127.5 +/- 51.0 min. The mean aortic cross-clamping time was 65.6 +/- 26.9 min. 6 blood samples were taken in the time periods called from 0 to 5: 0--before the operation, 1--right after the operation, 2--1 day after the operation, 3--3 days after the operation, 4--7 days after the operation, 5--14 days after the operation. All the immunological parameters were measured at the Technicon RA-1000 System device using plasma antibody serum of Behring Company. We compared two groups: 1) 21 patients extubated at operation day with 42 patients extubated at 1-th postoperative day, 2) 38 patients with postoperative organ failure with 32 patients without organ complications. The intubation time was shorter in patients with higher levels of C3 (to 7-th day) and C4 (at 1-th postoperative day). The postoperative organ failure were more frequently in patients with lower postoperative C3 (to 3-th day) and with lower C4 at 1-th postoperative day. The postoperative changes of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, IgM were similar in patients with complicated and uncomplicated postoperative course.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1999 Jun
PMID:[Changes of selected immunological parameters after cardiopulmonary bypass in postop period]. 1048 43

Pharmacological effects of acute treatment with milnacipran (MIL), a clinically active antidepressant (a noradrenaline [NA] and 5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT] reuptake inhibitor without any affinity for neurotransmitter receptors) were studied in mice and rats. MIL inhibited the reserpine- or apomorphine-induced hypothermia in mice and enhanced the L-5-hydroxytryptophan-induced head twitches in rats. It reduced the immobility time in Porsolt's test in mice and rats, but either did not change the locomotor activity (mice) or decreased it (rats). MIL changed neither the clonidine-induced aggressiveness in mice nor the behavioral syndrome induced by oxotremorine in rats. The obtained results indicate that MIL, given acutely, shows a pharmacological profile similar to that of tricyclic NA and 5-HT reuptake inhibitors. In contrast to the antidepressants mentioned above, MIL does not exhibit an alpha1-adrenolytic or cholinolytic activity (in vivo tests).
Pol J Pharmacol
PMID:Pharmacological profile of milnacipran, a new antidepressant, given acutely. 1054 Sep 63


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>