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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thermoregulatory effects of cholecystokinin (CCK) peptides are reviewed with special emphasis on two types of responses, that is hyperthermia (fever) and hypothermia. Central microinjection of CCK in rats induces a thermogenic response that can be attenuated by CCK-B receptor antagonists, but some authors observed a hypothermia. By contrast to its central fever-inducing effect, in rodents exposed to cold CCK-8 elicits a dose-dependent hypothermia on peripheral injection probably acting on CCK-A receptors. It is suggested that neuronal CCK may have a specific role in the development of hyperthermia, and endogenous CCK-ergic mechanisms could contribute to the mediation of fever. The possible role of CCK-ergic mediation in endotoxin (LPS) fever has revealed that while CCK-B receptors seem to be involved in the development of fever, the role of CCK-A receptors could be more complex. In particular, while rats lacking functional CCK-A receptors show an exaggerated fever response, this phenomenon may be associated with a trait different from the absence of this receptor set. The relationship between the putative CCK-ergic febrile mechanism and the established central PGE mediation needs further study.
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PMID:Cholecystokinin: possible mediator of fever and hypothermia. 1476 68

Cholecystokinin (CCK) has long been implicated in body energetics, first as a gastrointestinal hormone assisting fat utilization and later as a neuropeptide acting either peripherally or centrally in the regulation of body mass. In the present review the thermoregulatory role of CCK peptides is reviewed with special emphasis on two types of responses, that is hyperthermia (fever) or hypothermia. Central microinjection of CCK in rats induces a thermogenic response that can be attenuated by CCK2 receptor antagonists, but some authors observed a mild hypothermia. By contrast to its central fever-inducing effect, CCK-8 elicits a dose-dependent hypothermia on peripheral injection probably acting on CCK1 receptors in rodents exposed to cold. It is suggested that neuronal CCK may have a specific role in the development of hyperthermia and endogenous CCK-ergic mechanisms could contribute to the mediation of fever. Recent evidence in rodents lacking either of the CCK receptors appears to support the fever-mediating role of the peptide. In particular, CCK2 receptors seem to be involved in the development of endotoxin fever, while the role of CCK1 receptors could be more complex. In line with that idea, rats lacking functional CCK1 receptors show an exaggerated fever response, a phenomenon that may be associated with a trait different from the absence of this receptor set. The relationship between the putative CCK-ergic febrile mechanism and the established central prostaglandin mediation is also discussed.
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PMID:Cholecystokinin: role in thermoregulation and other aspects of energetics. 2003 21

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is anorexic, irrespective whether it is applied intraperitoneally (IP) or intracerebroventricularly (ICV) in male Wistar rats. The metabolic effects depend on the route of administration: by the IP route it elicits hypothermia (presumably by type-1 receptors, CCK1R-s), while ICV administration is followed by fever-like hypermetabolism and hyperthermia via activation of CCK2R-s, which latter response seems to be most important in the postprandial (compensatory) hypermetabolism. The efficacy of the IP injected CCK varies with age: it causes strong anorexia in young adult 4 and 6-months old and again in old rats (aged 18-24 months), but the middle-aged (12-month old) ones seem to be resistant to this effect. Such pattern of effects may contribute to the explanation of age-related obesity observed in middle-aged animals as well as to the aging anorexia and loss of body weight in old ones. Diet-induced obesity accelerates the appearance of CCK-resistance as well as the return of high sensitivity to CCK in further aging, while chronic calorie-restriction prevents the development of resistance, as if the speed of the age-related regulatory changes was altered by the nutritional state. The effects of ICV applied CCK also change with age: the characteristic anorexic and hypermetabolic/hyperthermic effects can be observed in young adult rats, but the effects gradually and monotonically decline with age and disappear by the old age of 24 months. These disparate age-related patterns of CCK efficacy upon peripheral or central administration routes may indicate that although both peripheral and central CCKR-s exert anorexic effects, they may have dissimilar roles in the regulation of overall energy balance.
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PMID:Age and nutritional state influence the effects of cholecystokinin on energy balance. 2387 29