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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intraperitoneal administration of ketamine produced dose-dependent hypothermia at the ambient temperatures (Ta) of both 8 and 23 degrees C in unanesthetized rats. At a Ta of 8 degrees C, the hypothermia was brought about solely by a decrease in metabolic heat production. There were no changes in either the tail skin temperature (Ttail) or the sole skin temperature (Tsole). At a Ta of 23 degrees C, the hypothermia was due to an increase in Ttail, and increase in Tsole, and a decrease in metabolic heat production. However, at a Ta of 31 degrees C, there were no changes in rectal temperature in response to ketamine application, since neither heat production nor skin temperatures (e.g., Ttail and Tsole) was affected by ketamine at this Ta. The data indicate that the effect of the drug treatment may be to decrease heat production and (or) increase heat loss.
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1978 Dec
PMID:Effect of ketamine on thermoregulation in rats. 74 35

The effects of social class, season, low temperature and sudden falls in temperature are investigated in 286 cases of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome in Cardiff in the years 1955--1974. The association with low temperature was striking: unsuspected hypothermia may be an important feature of these deaths. Sudden infant death incidence was associated with influenza A but not influenza B epidemics.
Int J Epidemiol 1978 Dec
PMID:Sudden infant death syndrome in Cardiff, association with epidemic influenza and with temperature - 1955-1974. 74 71

Morphine was more lethal to mice housed in groups (aggregated) than to mice housed individually (isolated). The aggregation effect on morphine lethality was increased when ambient temperature was increased to 29 degrees C and abolished when ambient temperature was lowered to 19 degrees C. At 29 degrees C morphine produced hypothermia in isolated mice and hyperthermia in aggregated mice. Both isolated and aggregated mice were hypothermic after morphine administration at 19 degrees C. At 29 degrees C the locomotor activity of morphine-treated aggregated mice was significantly greater than that of morphine-treated isolated mice, whereas at 19 degrees C no significant difference was found. The locomotor activity time course of morphine-treated aggregated mice at 29 degrees C closely resembled the rectal temperature time course, which suggests that the hyperthermia in those animals involves an increase in heat production via an increase in locomotor activity. However, the hyperthermia observed was not sufficient to explain the increased lethality in aggregated mice. Differences between the aggregation effect on morphine lethality and that previously reported for amphetamine were discussed.
Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1978 Dec
PMID:The effect of aggregation on the lethality of morphine in mice. 74 72

In 53 patients with mitral- or aortic-mitral valve disease, the content of ATP and lactate of the papillary muscles resected at the time of valve replacement was investigated at the beginning of ischemic arrest and at the time of reperfusion. Profound body hypothermia (25 degrees C) and injection cardioplegia using magnesium-aspartate-procaine were applied for myocardial protection. In hypertrophic papillary muscles the myocardial ATP content decreased at a slower rate (ATP decay 12% of the initial value after 60 minutes of ischemia) than in normal papillary muscles obtained from patients with isolated mitral stenosis (ATP decay 33% of the initial value after 40 minutes of ischemia). 20% of the patients required temporary inotropic circulatory support postoperatively for 12 to 88 hours. The ATP content of the papillary muscles of these patients differed only little from those, in who no myocardial failure occurred. However the myocardial lactate levels were higher in patients in whom a low cardiac output state evolved.
Thoraxchir Vask Chir 1978 Dec
PMID:[Behaviour of ATP and lactate in human papillary muscle during profound hypothermia and injection cardioplegia with magnesium-asparatate-procaine (author's transl)]. 75 Dec 88

The results of several experiments indicated that the hyperthermic effect of morphine in rats becomes attenuated over the course of successive administrations by a conditional, compensatory, hypothermic response elicited by cues present at the time of morphine administration, thus accounting for hyperthermic tolerance: (a) Rats with a history of morphine administration display a tolerant response to the hyperthermic effect of the drug and a compensatory hypothermia following a placebo if these substances are administered following cues that previously signaled morphine--neither the tolerant reaction to morphine nor the hypothermic response to the placebo results when animals are injected following cues that previously signaled injection of physiological saline (Experiments 1A and 1B); (b) presenting environmental cues previously associated with morphine, but without the drug, abolished established tolerance, that is, pyretic tolerance can be extinguished (Experiment 2); (c) placebo sessions interspersed between morphine sessions impeded the acquisition of tolerance, that is pyretic tolerance is retarded by partial reinforcement (Experiment 3). These findings, implicating a Pavlovian conditioning process in hyperthermic tolerance, are not readily interpretable by tolerance models that do not attribute any role to drug-associated environmental cues in the acquisition of tolerance.
J Comp Physiol Psychol 1978 Dec
PMID:Tolerance to the hyperthermic effect of morphine in the rat is a learned response. 75 60

Penetrating injuries of the thoracic aorta are usually rapidly lethal. Few patients survive for long enough to undergo surgical treatment. When penetrating injuries of the thoracic aorta are complicated by arteriovenous fistula a correct preoperative diagnosis is important for adequate planning of the surgical repair, and so selective angiography is essential. The best approach is through a median sternotomy with the use of total cardiopulmonary bypass with or without deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest. Fistulae between aorta and innominate vein invariably lead to congestive cardiac failure. A review of the literature suggests that signs of cardiac failure rarely appear early. Congestive failure developed within 30 days of the initial trauma in only two of the 12 reported cases. In our case, the early onset of cardac failure refractory to therapy and the appearance of an expanding pulsatile mass at the base of the neck, threatening rupture, necessitated emergency surgical treatment.
Thorax 1976 Dec
PMID:Repair of traumatic aortic arch to innominate vein fistula under deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest. 79 45

1 The hypothermia produced by intraventricular injections of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in unanaesthetized cats has been investigated. 2 TRH is more potent than either noradrenaline or calcium ions. It is estimated that the equi-potent molar ratio for TRH: noradrenaline:calcium is 1:900:27,000. 3 TRH injections is also produce profuse salivation, tachypnoea, cutaneous vasodilatation and frequently defaecation and vomiting. It is considered that the increased respiration is a major cause of the hypothermia. 4 Prior administration of phentolamine antagonized noradrenaline-induced hypothermia but did not affect hypothermia produced by TRH or calcium ions. Pretreatment with alpha-methyltyrosine did not affect the hypothermia induced by TRH, calcium ions or noradrenaline. 5 The calcium antagonists verapamil and xylocaine did not antagonize hypothermia induced by an injection of calcium ions. 6 The constituent amino acids of TRH did not produce hypothermia either individually or collectively. Thyroxine sodium produced a rise in temperature that was slow in onset, consistent with its known metabolic effects. TSH produced a small hypothermia unrelated to dose.
Br J Pharmacol 1976 Dec
PMID:A comparison between the hypothermia induced by intra-ventricular injections of thyrotropin releasing hormone, noradrenaline or calcium ions in unanaesthetized cats. 82 97

Accidental hypothermia may develop within a few minutes by immersion in cold water, in a matter of hours by exposure to cold weather, and in a matter of days in debilitatted victims by continuous exposure to milder cold stress. The prognosis in accidental hypothermia depends on the patient's premorbid condition, the depth and duration of the hypothermia and the degree of exhaustion and metabolic acidosis that result from physiologic attempts to compensate for the heat loss. For deep hypothermia (deep body temperature below 20 C [82.4F]), internal rewarming is strongly recommended as a means of supporting function in body core organs and minimizing the risk of "rewarming shock". For lesser degrees of hypothermia, recoverability depends more on the adequacy of supportive care than on the method of rewarming. The rapid and complete recovery experienced in the case presented is not surprising since the patient's premorbid condition was good, chilling had been rapid, metabolic exhaustion was mild, and internal rewarming was accomplished without delay, using heated peritoneal dialysis.
JACEP 1977 Dec
PMID:Accidental hypothermia: peritoneal dialysis. 92 14

Successful total repair in one stage was performed in a 3-year-old girl who had interrupted aortic arch associated with aortic septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus. Surface-induced deep hypothermia and interrupted perfusion were used. The results of postoperative catheterization and angiocardiographic studies are analyzed, and the literature and results of previous surgical attempts at correction are reviewed.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1977 Dec
PMID:Total one-stage repair of interrupted aortic arch associated with aortic septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus. 92 17

Four cases of aneurysm of the aortic arch were encountered within 1 year at the National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. All four patients underwent resection of the aneurysm and graft replacement of the aortic arch without cardiopulmonary bypass or hypothermia. Temporary external shunting with Tygon tube from the ascending aorta to the femoral artery, with and without permanent bypass grafts from the ascending aorta to the carotid arteries, was used in three patients. Permanent bypass grafts with multiple anastomoses was used in one patient. The over-all operative mortality rate was 25 percent. Some adjuncts are made to perfect the safe and simple technique of temporary external shunting, which has been reported previously from the same institution.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1977 Dec
PMID:Resection of aneurysm of the aortic arch without cardiopulmonary bypass. 92 18


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