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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A thermodifferential chemotherapy, consisting of systemic administration of antitumor drug and local hyperthermia combined with general hypothermia, was examined and gave satisfactory antitumor results. In search of basic optimal conditions required, this therapeutic system was tested on Ehrlich tumor implanted in the hind limbs of mice. The results obtained were as follows: (a) From the viewpoint of either the antitumor effect or the adverse effect of the therapy, local hyperthermia at 41 degrees for 60 min combined with general hypothermia at 20 approximately 24 degrees was found to be the best thermodifferential condition. (b) The thermodifferential treatment alone without drug administration displayed little antitumor effect. (c) General hypothermia applied not only enhanced the antitumor effect of the drug in loco but also reduced general toxicity of the drug. In the present therapy, carboquone displayed the best antitumor effect among the drugs tested. This suggests that the potentiation of tumoricidal activity of carboquone under the acidic condition produced by cancer cell metabolism in hyperthermia was deeply involved in the effectiveness of this therapy.
Gan 1979 Dec
PMID:Antitumor effect of thermodifferential chemotherapy with carboquone on Ehrlich carcinoma. 53 87

The concentrations of adrenaline and noradrenaline, and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase in the plasma, and certain haemodynamic parameters, were determined in 14 children undergoing surgical correction of congenital cardiac defects under hypothermia at 30 degrees C and methoxyflurane anaesthesia. During the pre-operative phase of hypothermia at 30 degrees C, the adrenaline levels rose to about 300% of the inital levels, and the noradrenaline levels to about 200%. During the postoperative phase of re-warming at 34 degrees C, a further dysregulative release of catecholamines led to an increase in adrenaline levels to a critical concentration of about 800% of the norm, and in noradrenaline levels of about 400% of the norm. No change was seen in dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity. Hypothermia thus results in a massive activation of the sympatho-neuronal and sympatho-adrenal systems, which is not prevented by methoxyflurane anaesthesia, and which may endanger the recently operated heart, particularly during the early post-operative period, because of the increased oxygen requirements imposed on the myocardium. In normothermia, on the other hand, methoxyflurane anaesthesia results in only a slight degree of activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which increased only slightly during the post-operative period. Under these conditions, the plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity remains unchanged. Unlike the changes in plasma catecholamine levels, dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity cannot be regarded as an index of changes in sympatho-neuronal activity.
Anaesthesist 1979 Dec
PMID:[The effect of hypothermia and methoxyflurane-anaesthesia on sympatho-neuronal and sympatho-adrenal activity in the course of cardiac surgery (author's transl)]. 53 49

The effects of intraperitoneal administration of sodium acetylsalicylate (aspirin) on thermoregulatory responses (Ta) of 15, 22 and 29 degrees C were assessed. Intraperitoneal administration of aspirin produced dose-dependent hypothermia at both 15 and 22 degrees C. The hypothermia was brought about by cutaneous vasodilation (as indicated by an increase of the tail and foot skin temperatures). However, in the heat (29 degrees C), i.p. administration of the same amount of aspirin produced no change in rectal temperature, since the thermo-regulatory responses were unaffected by aspirin application at this Ta. Thus it appears that aspirin increases heat loss and leads to hypothermia in rats.
Pflugers Arch 1978 Dec 28
PMID:Effects of sodium acetylsalicylate on thermoregulatory responses of rats to different ambient temperatures. 56 41

Two cases of delayed non-mycotic false aneurysm arising from ascending aortic cannulation site, presenting one-and-a-hald years and seven years after cardiopulmonary bypass, are described. These two cases represent an incidence of 0.12% of this complication. Repair using profound hypothermia and circulatory arrest with femoral artery and femoral vein cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass is recommended. The advantages and complications of aortic cannulation are discussed and recommendations to minimise the complications of cannulation are made. The clinical presentation and diagnosis of non-mycotic false aneurysms arising from the aortic cannulation site are described. In addition one delayed and two early cases of non-mycotic cannulation site false aneurysms previously published are analysed. Surgeons should be alert to the possibility of this complication in all patients who have had aortic cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass even in the distant past. Unexpected symptoms such as constant anterior chest pain, dysphagia, hoarseness, and increasing widening of the superior mediastinum on the chest radiograph warrant prompt investigation.
Thorax 1977 Dec
PMID:Delayed non-mycotic false aneurysm of ascending aortic cannulation site. 60 39

We report about clinical experiences with the cardioplegia according to Bretschneider combined with deep selective hypothermia of the heart in 44 patients. Before, during and after cardioplegia we made biopsies from the left ventricle of 6 patients for electronmicroscopical examinations. Besides the mitochondrial changes already known we saw a break-down of the nexuses. We discuss the importance if these changes for the action of the cardioplegia. Both changes seemed to be reversible. The clinical results and the immediate and later postoperative follow-up demonstrate, that with the described technique a good myocardial protection can be done. This procedure allows operating with a low risk at a completely arrested and relaxed heart until 130 minutes.
Thoraxchir Vask Chir 1977 Dec
PMID:[Cardioplegia according to Bretschneider for valve replacement: clinical experiences and electronmicroscopical results (author's transl)]. 60 69

The effect of controlled systemic hypotension on intraocular pressure (IOP) and visual function was measured in a group of 12 patients undergoing extracorporeal perfusion during cardiovascular surgery. When venous pressure was controlled, intraocular pressure was noted to fall following a fall in the systemic blood pressure. There was a return of IOP toward normal levels with recovery of the systemic blood pressure. Systemic hypotension of 25 to 100 mm Hg for up to 201 minutes in the presence of hemodilution and hypothermia was not associated with any functional or morphologic change in ocular function.
Ann Ophthalmol 1977 Dec
PMID:The effect of systemic hypotension during cardiopulmonary bypass on intraocular pressure and visual function in humans. 60 35

Plasma lipids, blood glucose, plasma insulin (IRI) and serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) were measured in 30 subjects undergoing surface-induced deep hypothermia with circulatory arrest for open-heart surgery. Non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) in the plasma rapidly increased at the lowest temperature (23 degrees C) reached and other lipids in the plasma decreased during the cooling period. An increase of NEFA and a decrease of triglyceride have been attributed to the action of lipoprotein lipase activity stimulated by heparin. It is also likely that the decrease of other lipids and beta-lipoprotein in the plasma results from the transient hypofunction of the liver due to hypothermia. Blood glucose increased during the cooling period, while plasma insulin showed no significant change. Serum DBH reflecting catecholamine also showed no significant change during the cooling or rewarming periods. Therefore, hyperglycemia in hypothermic open-heart surgery may result from the decrease of peripheral utilization of glucose and from the inhibition of insulin secretion due to the transient pancreatic hypofunction.
Jpn J Surg 1977 Dec
PMID:Studies on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism during surface-induced deep hypothermia with circulatory arrest for open-heart surgery. 60 91

Anesthetized dogs were cooled to a core body temperature of 26 degree C. or maintained at a body temperature of 37 degree C. during periods of 5 and 10 hours of LAD coronary artery occlusion. Subsequent macroscopic dehydrogenase enzyme mapping showed that ischemic injury was 25 per cent less after 5 hours of coronary occlusion and 20 per cent less after 10 hours of occlusion in hypothermic dogs than in normothermic controls. The heart rate and left ventricular minute work in hypothermic dogs decreased to roughly half the levels measured in normothermic animals, while left ventricular contractility was 10 to 40 per cent lower in hypothermic dogs than in normothermic dogs. However, cardiac index and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure were unchanged by whole-body cooling. Thus, hypothermia appeared to diminish the oxygen requirements of the ischemic myocardium without reducing the performance of the heart as a pump. Hypothermia may be useful as a therapeutic adjunct to myocardial revascularization or pharmacologic interventions.
Am Heart J 1978 Dec
PMID:Protection of ischemic myocardium by whole-body hypothermia after coronary artery occlusion in dogs. 71 40

In an experimental study, involving ten dogs, the feasibility of transvenous perfusion cooling of the kidney is proven. The theoretical basis of this new method of regional renal hypothermia is presented. The technique is easy to perform and requires cannulation of the renal vein. The perfusate leaves the kidney either via the capsular veins which were divided during renal exposure or through the proposed nephrotomy. Renal vein thrombosis or venous disruption have not been observed. The only complication encountered in one instance was hemorrhage from the puncture site of the renal vein.
Langenbecks Arch Chir 1978 Dec 20
PMID:[Transvenous perfusion, a new simple and effective technique of regional renal hypothermia. An experimental study (author's transl)]. 72 79

Repeated intracisternal injections of human beta-endorphin lead to development of tolerance with respect to the catalepsy, analgesia, and hypothermia which are seen following a single injection. The initial injection of beta-endorphin results in increases in the dopamine metabolites, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA), in neostriatum, as well as increases in the serotonin metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), in hypothalamus and brainstem and a decrease in 5-HIAA in hippocampus. In the present study, we report changes in metabolism of dopamine and serotonin in specific brain areas during the development of tolerance to beta-endorphin. Thus, the development of tolerance to beta-endorphin with respect to catalepsy, analgesia, and hypothermia may be mediated by development of tolerance to the effects of beta-endorphin on brain dopamine and serotonin release.
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1978 Dec
PMID:Alterations in brain dopamine and serotonin metabolism during the development of tolerance to human beta-endorphin in rats. 74 24


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