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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Total body washout (hct less than 1%) in hypothermia was performed in 31 dogs using either a crystalloidal or a colloidal perfusate. Blood exchange and cooling was achieved by means of partial bypass and heat exchanger. Short lasting blood exchange for crystalloids without cardiac arrest resulted in 66% survival of the animals. When in addition circulatory arrest was established for 30 min at 14 degrees C oesophageal temperature blood exchange for crystalloids was not tolerated. All four animals of this group died within 19 hours presenting massive interstitial edema. Replacement of the crystalloidal perfusate by a colloidal solution (2.5 g% Dextran 60 at Ringer's Lactate) and establishing circulatory for 30 or 60 min resulted in survival rates of 71% and 50% respectively. The use of the colloidal perfusate effectively prevented edema formation. Death could not be correlated with the parameters controlled.
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PMID:[Hypothermic circulatory arrest after total blood exchange in dogs (author's transl)]. 68 88

The terms "consumption coagulopathy" and "disseminated intravascular coagulation" are used synonymously, though the former expression refers to the process of consuming the haemostatic potential, whereas the latter is based upon the generalized formation of microthrombi. Both terms apply to an acquired disturbance of blood clotting leading to an increased turnover of coagulation factors and platelets by which the production sites are being exhausted. Such a process is triggered off by generalized activation of the haemostatic system: after a period of hypercoagulability, haemostasis changes into hypocoagulability with subsequent haemorrhagic diathesis. Additionally, the generalized activation of the haemostatic system leads to a formation of microthrombi in the microcirculation. Since consumption coagulopathies are bound to be secondary disorders, any underlying disease prone to lead to disseminated intravascular coagulation, should be treated as early and as intensively as possible. Solely by this and by restoring circulatory functions impaired by the underlying disease, it is possible in the majority of cases to stop the consumptive coagulopathy and to repair its sequelae. The shock frequently going along with a consumption coagulopathy requires immediate therapy: correction of hypothermia, treatment of acid-base and electrolyte disorders as well as fighting against hypovalaemia, anuria, and uraemia. Dextran does not serve only as plasma expander, but also corrects hypercoagulability and improves the rheological qualities of circulating blood. If these measures fail to stop the consumptive reaction of blood coagulation and/or fail to restore microcirculation in vital organs, indication for the use of anticoagulants or fibrinolytic drugs is given.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Therapy of consumption coagulopathies]. 307 Mar 63

Mucosal injury caused by ischemia and reperfusion has been well documented with the small intestine, but little is known about the colon. In the present study, the effect of warm and cold ischemia on the canine colon was studied and compared to that on the small intestine. After in situ flushing, the small intestine and the colon from six beagle dogs were removed and stored for 0.5, 1.5, and 3 hr at 37 degrees C (warm ischemia) or for 1, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hr at 4 degrees C (cold ischemia). Electrophysiology, permeability, biochemistry, and histopathology of the specimens at each ischemic period and after reperfusion in the Ussing chamber were determined. Warm and cold ischemia induced duration-dependent suppression of electrophysiology in both organs, but the colonic mucosa retained higher activity of absorptive enterocytes and cryptic cells than the small intestine. Only the colon showed increased permeability of FITC-conjugated Dextran from the mucosal surface to the submucosal layer after prolonged ischemia. Changes in adenine nucleotides and purine catabolites were not markedly different between the organs. Histopathologic abnormalities during ischemia and after reperfusion were more serious with the small intestine than with the colon. Compared to warm ischemia, hypothermia lessened or delayed these morphofunctional derangements in both organs, which became universally worsened after reperfusion. Colonic mucosa receives morphofunctional derangements from ischemia and reperfusion, but the severity of the damage was much less severe in the colon than in the small intestine.
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PMID:Effect of ischemia on the canine large bowel: a comparison with the small intestine. 860 7