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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report our experience of anaesthesia for orthotopic liver transplantation in seven patients. Pre-, intra- and postoperative management requires highly cooperative team-work. Advantages of neuroleptanalgesia are pointed out for this operative procedure. Intraoperative problems such as mass transfusion, clotting disturbances, changes in haemodynamic parameters, metabolic acidosis, hypovolaemia, hypoglycaemia and hypothermia are discussed and adequate therapeutic measures proposed. The value of an extensive perioperative monitoring is demonstrated. Controlled ventilation has been performed during the immediate postoperative period in all patients.
Anaesthesist 1978 Sep
PMID:[Orthotopic liver transplantation in man from the anaesthesiological point of view (author's transl)]. 36 80

A low volume (16 ml) ultrafiltration cell was used ten times in two small, fluid overloaded children to remove plasma water. The device was simple to use and, at slow blood flow rates (25-50 ml/minutes) and low transmembrane pressures (10-30 mm Hg), provided controlled removal of excess fluid. Although no major complications were encountered, hypothermia and hypotension (at ultrafiltrate flux rates exceeding 0.5 ml/kg/minute) were observed. The ultrafiltrate solute concentration was similar to plasma and no significant shifts in serum electrolytes were induced. The ultrafiltrate protein concentration of 64 to 2,760 mg/dl was much higher than previously reported.
Clin Nephrol 1977 Sep
PMID:Experience with a low volume ultrafiltration cell in small children*. 41 May 70

The present study reports on the epicardial spread of excitation during premature beats and during the initial stages of ventricular fibrillation, both of which were induced by single-test stimuli during regional ischemia or local hypothermia. Simultaneous recording of the activity at 48 epicardial sites on the right ventricle of dog hearts enabled us in some instances to demonstrate a circus movement.
Circ Res 1979 Sep
PMID:Circus movement in canine right ventricle. 45 4

Although aneurysms involving the aortic arch are usually well localized and amenable to reconstructive operation, the reported results of this form of therapy at this level are not as good as in other portions of the aorta. The difference is due to cerebral and bleeding disturbances associated with cerebral protection techniques. This report describes 30 patients and emphasizes the variability of extent of these lesions and the results of methods employed for cerebral protection, which varied according to extent of disease. The aneurysm involved all but the proximal ascending aorta in one patient and was replaced with a permanent ascending aorta-innominate and left common carotid artery bypass graft. Eight aneurysms were limited to the transverse arch; one was removed with the aid of temporary bypass and seven with cardiopulmonary bypass and separate brachiocephalic normothermic perfusion. Temporary and permanent bypass grafts were used in four patients with lesser involvement. None of these techniques was used in 17 patients who had distal arch involvement. Of the 30 patients, 26 survived and 18 are still alive despite the treatment being spread over a 22 year period. Cerebral complications occurred in 3 patients, two of whom died. These problems were avoided in five patients treated more recently by using lows flows under low pressures. Coagulopathies did not occur. Although the technique of cardiopulmonary bypass, profound hypothermia, and circulatory arrest provides a more convenient and technically simpler method of operation, the disadvantages of coagulopathies with excessive bleeding, pulmonary problems, and lack of consistent cerebral protection argue against its routine use at this time.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1979 Sep
PMID:Treatment of aneurysm of transverse aortic arch. 47 Apr 18

The diagnosis and repair in infancy of interrupted aortic arch and aortopulmonary window is described. Using deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest, aortic continuity was established with a prosthetic graft, which was anastomosed to the aortic orifice of the aortopulmonary window. The pulmonary artery side of the aortopulmonary window was closed directly. Postoperative cardiac catheterization demonstrated a good reconstruction. Previous experience with this rare variety of interrupted aortic arch complex is reviewed.
Ann Thorac Surg 1979 Sep
PMID:Repair of interrupted aortic arch and aortopulmonary window in an infant. 48 30

Fourteen infants with complete common atrioventricular canal (CCAVC) underwent open heart surgery under deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest. There were three operative deaths and two late deaths. Postoperative studies performed in seven of the nine survivors revealed nearly normal hemodynamics. There were no residual shunts, and excellent mitral valve function was observed in six patients. In one patient, residual mitral regurgitation was noted. The pulmonary artery pressures and pulmonary vascular resistances were normal except in one who had severe pulmonary vascular obstructive disease before surgery. The mean left ventricular end-diastolic volume changed from 175 +/- 24% (SEM) before surgery to 106 +/- 7% after surgery (P less than 0.01). The corresponding right ventricular end-diastolic volume changed from 166 +/- 16% to 102 +/- 19% (P less than 0.025). Left ventricular ejection fraction was mildly decreased before and after surgery (0.63 +/- 0.02). Surgical repair of CCAVC is possible during the first year of life, with likely normalization of cardiac size and function. Unsatisfactory results related to pulmonary vascular obstruction may be anticipated if repair is delayed much beyond the first year.
Circulation 1978 Sep
PMID:Complete common atrioventricular canal in infancy--surgical repair and postoperative hemodynamics. 67 47

This study tests the hypothesis that the efficacy of cardioplegic solution depends upon its chemical constituents rather than on its temperature alone. A standard preparation of right heart bypass in the dog was utilized. Left ventricular function curves were inscribed before and after 1 hour of aortic cross-clamping. No deterioration in function was observed in nonischemic control hearts or in hearts protected with cardioplegic solution consisting of potassium chloride (25 mEq. per liter) and mannitol (12.5 Gm. per liter in 5 percent dextrose and 0.2 percent saline at either 4 degrees C or 28 degrees C. Severe myocardial depression was observed in hearts rendered ischemic for 1 hour at 28 degrees C. without protection and also in hearts perfused with 5 percent dextrose and 0.2 percent saline at 28 degrees C. without the potassium chloride and mannitol. The evidence from this study indicates that cardioplegic solution exerts a protective effect beyond that which is afforded by hypothermia.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1978 Sep
PMID:Effect of temperature of cardioplegic solution. 68 67

Three breast-fed infants of primiparous women had hypothermia, azotemia, and severe dehydration and malnutrition. No disease entities were identified. Although the cause of inadequate breast nutrition was unclear, these cases underscore the necessity for close follow-up and support of first-born breast-feeding babies.
Am J Dis Child 1978 Sep
PMID:Critical malnutrition in breast-fed infants. Three case reports. 68 6

Cerebral metabolic and vascular effects of hypothermia (30 C) and deep pentobarbital anesthesia, separately and combined, were evaluated in 15 mongrel dogs. External cardiovascular support was not used, and mean arterial blood pressures remained greater than 60 torr. Normothermic deep pentobarbital anesthesia, characterized by an electroencephalographic (EEG) frequency of less than 1 Hz, was associated with 30% decreases in cerebral metabolic rates for oxygen (CMRO2) and glucose (CMRG) from lightly anesthetized control values. Hypothermia (30 C) alone caused similar decreases in CMRO2 and CMRG in the presence of an active EEG. The use of pentobarbital anesthesia and hypothermia combined achieved significantly greater (P less than 0.05) decreases in CMRO2 (70%) and CMRG (72%) from the control state. Cerebral vascular resistance (CVR) increased by 70% (P less than 0.05) during hypothermia and about 20% when pentobarbital was administered to normothermic dogs. In hypothermic animals the addition of pentobarbital had a minimal effect on CVR. No alteration in the oxygen-glucose or lactate-glucose index indicative of cerebral hypoxia occurred in any experimental group. This study indicates that barbiturates combined with hypothermia decrease cerebral metabolism to a greater extent than hypothermia or barbiturate alone. When cerebral hypometabolism is therapeutically necessary, barbiturates may be indicated as an adjunct to moderate hypothermia.
Anesthesiology 1978 Sep
PMID:Cerebral hypometabolism obtained with deep pentobarbital anesthesia and hypothermia (30 C). 68 36

This simple on-line monitor provides simultaneous noninvasive quantification of continuous processes within the brain, by measuring the augmented delta quotient (ADQ; the proportion of low frequency components in the electroencephalogram). The response of the ADQ, both during experiments in animals and in children undergoing surgery, during cardiopulmonary bypass with and without hypothermia, demonstrates that this concept may prove valuable both to monitor anaesthetic depth and to warn of impending cerebral impairment.
Can Anaesth Soc J 1978 Sep
PMID:A brain function monitor for use during anaesthesia. Preliminary report. 69 74


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