Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

RMI 61 140, RMI 61 144 and RMI 61 280 are newly synthetized N-[8-R-dibenzo(b,f)oxepin-10-yl]-N'-methyl-piperazine-maleates which show interesting psychopharmacologic effects. This work contains the results of a study performed with these three compounds, in order to demonstrate their neuropsycholeptic activity in comparison with chloropromazine (CPZ) and chlordiazepoxide (CPD). The inhibition of motility observed in mice shows that the compounds reduce the normal spontaneous motility as well as the muscle tone. The central-depressant activity is evidenced by increased barbiturate-induced sleep and a remarkable eyelid ptosis can also be observed. Our compounds do not show any activity on electroshock just as do CPZ and CPD. As to the antipsychotic outline, our compounds show strong reduction of lethality due to amphetamine in grouped mice and a strong antiapomorphine activity. They show also an antiaggressive effect and an inhibitory activity on avoidance behaviour much stronger than CPZ. We have also found extrapyramidal effects, as catalepsy, common to many tranquillizers of the kind of the standards used by us. As for vegetative phenomena, the compounds show hypotensive dose related action ranging from moderate to strong, probably due to an a-receptor inhibition. Adrenolytic activity against lethal doses of adrenaline, antiserotonin and antihistaminic effects, as well as other actions (hypothermia, analgesia, etc.) confirm that RMI 61 140, RMI 61 144 and RMI 61 280 are endowed with pharmacologic properties similar and more potent than those of CPZ. Studies on the metabolism of brain catecholamines show that they are similar to CPZ, although with less effect on dopamine level.
Arzneimittelforschung 1975 Sep
PMID:Pharmacological properties of new neuroleptic compounds. 0 25

The pharmacological activities of amineptine (S 1694) and (+)-amphetamine and their interaction with biogenic amines have been examined in rats. The locomotor activity, stereotyped behaviour and hypothermia induced by amineptine were similar to but not as marked as those produced by (+)-amphetamine, and there was little or no anorectic action. Amineptine does not modify the concentrations of brain noradrenaline or acetylcholine which are respectively reduced and increased by (+)-amphetamine. Moreover, amineptine does not affect significantly the decrease of brain noradrenaline induced by an intraventricular injection of 6-hydroxydopamine, an effect significantly antagonized by (+)-amphetamine. On the other hand, like amphetamine, amineptine significantly reduces the effect of 6-hydroxy-dopamine on brain dopamine. Both drugs increase the striatal concentrations of homovanillic acid and show a cross tolerance in this action. Therefore they could act similarly on the striatal dopaminergine system. Amineptine thus appears to be a new type of antidepressant with a brain biochemical profile differing from that of other drugs used in depressive disorders.
J Pharm Pharmacol 1977 Sep
PMID:Biochemical and pharmacological studies on amineptine (S 1694) and (+)-amphetamine in the rat. 2 Dec 61

A lipophilic thermostable lipopolysaccharide (LPS) complex was isolated by phenol extraction from purified suspensions of the typhus group rickettsiae. The LPS complex is antigenic and possesses some endotoxic properties such as toxicity for actinomycin D-treated mice, pyrogenicity for rabbits and guinea pigs, ability to elicit hypothermia in white rats and local Schwartzman reaction and active cutaneous anaphylaxis in rabbits.
Acta Virol 1977 Sep
PMID:Some biological properties of an endotoxic lipopolysaccharide from the typhus group rickettsiae. 2 40

1 The central alpha-adrenoceptors responsible for mediating clonidine-induced sedation in rats have been characterized according to their sensitivity to alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists.2 Clonidine, injected intraperitoneally or intracerebroventricularly, caused dose-dependent sedation, both in terms of a reduction in the time that rats could remain on an accelerating rotarod and in terms of overt sedation assessed visually. Following intracerebroventricular injection, xylazine, naphazoline and methoxamine, but not phenylephrine, produced similar effects.3 The sedation caused by intraperitoneal injection of clonidine was antagonized by intracerebroventricularly injected phentolamine, yohimbine, piperoxan and tolazoline but not by labetalol, thymoxamine or prazosin.4 The relative potencies of the agonists in causing sedation and of the antagonists in inhibiting the sedative effect of clonidine clearly demonstrated that the central alpha-adrenoceptors mediating clonidine-induced sedation are the same as the peripheral presynaptic alpha(2)-adrenoceptors.5 All the alpha-adrenoceptor agonists caused hypothermia after intracerebroventricular injection, but their order of potency was different from that in producing sedation. The hypothermic effect of intraperitoneally injected clonidine was little affected by any of the antagonists administered intracerebroventricularly. No conclusions could be drawn concerning the type of receptor responsible for mediating hypothermia.
Br J Pharmacol 1979 Sep
PMID:Alpha 2-adrenoceptors mediate clonidine-induced sedation in the rat. 4 Jun 43

Orthopaedic operations such as procedures for spinal deformity or operation for septic or loose total hip prosthesis are often associated with massive haemorrhage. Electrolyte analysis in 44 cases showed a low level of potassium. Rapid transfusion with stored blood appeared to have little effect on cardiac efficiency unless dilute calcium chloride was added. Alkaline preparations were used in patients with circulatory deficiency. Abnormalities of blood clotting were prevented by the use of fresh blood. Hypothermia and pulmonary complications also occurred and were eventually prevented by the use of assisted ventilation during the post-operative period.
Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 1976 Sep
PMID:[Massive hemorrhage during major orthopedic surgery. Metabolic consequences]. 13 8

The effects of Forane anesthesia for deep surface hypothermia with 30 minutes of total circulatory occlusion were evaluated. With 100% O2 6 of 7 dogs developed motor disorders postoperatively, while 3 of 5 with 98% O2/2% CO2 and none with 95% O2/5% CO2 developed motor disorders. Cooling was uneventful except for 1 episode of ventricular fibrillation in the 5% CO2 group at 23 degrees C. Resuscitation was easy, but the early rewarming period was characterized by repeated episodes of ventricular fibrillation and delayed recovery of cardiac function, especially in the 100% O2 group. Blood lactate levels remained low during cooling and gradually increased during rewarming in all groups, with the highest levels in the 100% O2 group and the lowest in the 5% CO2 group. It is concluded that Forane can be used for surface hypothermia with 30 minutes' circulatory occlusion when administered in 95% O2/5% CO2. A Comparison of these results with previously reported series indicates that Forane is inferior to ether but may be superior to halothane for surface hypothermia.
Ann Thorac Surg 1975 Sep
PMID:The use of Forane anesthesia for surface-induced deep hypothermia. 24 Mar 30

A triple aorto-coronary bypass was performed in a patient with sickle cell trait. Partial exchange transfusion with normal packed erythrocytes was used in preparation of the patient for extracorporeal circulation, hypothermia and cardioplegic arrest.
Can Anaesth Soc J 1979 Sep
PMID:Aorta-coronary bypass in a patient with sickle cell trait. 31 37

Accidental hypothermia is an acute medical emergency with a high mortality rate. Physiologic derangements include hypoxemia, hypotension, acidosis, and arrhythmias. Management consists of careful monitoring rewarming, vigorous supportive care, and treatment of underlying and complicating disorders. Active core rewarming is recommended for hypothermia with associated cardiovascular insufficiency or instability and rapid core rewarming for hypothermia with cardiovascular collapse. Otherwise, passive or active external rewarming may be used. Good supportive care with correction of physiologic disturbances and vigorous treatment of underlying and complicating disorders are important in improving the survival rate.
JACEP 1977 Sep
PMID:Accidental hypothermia. 33 Sep 12

In very low birth weight infants, the occurrence of bilirubin-related brain damage has been repeatedly observed at low serum bilirubin concentrations in close association with altered pathophysiologic status (hypoxia, acidosis, hypothermia, and so on). This increased susceptibility is accompanied by increased severity and duration of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia as compared with more mature infants. Clinical manifestations of kernicterus in very low birth weight infants are almost always nonspecific. No single biochemical or physiologic measurement is sufficient to predict the risk for development of the bilirubin-related brain damage in this group. Prevention of bilirubin-related brain damage in very low birth weight infants requires not only the maintenance of physiologic and biochemical milieu within normal limits, but also specific therapy to alleviate unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Although exchange transfusion has been the mainstay of therapy for unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, the increased morbidity and mortality associated with exchange transfusion in these immature infants and the need to maintain very low serum bilirubin concentrations suggest that prophylactic phototherapy may be more beneficial for this group.
Clin Perinatol 1977 Sep
PMID:Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in very low birth weight infants. 33 31

Group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C (SPE C) was shown to produce fever by crossing the blood-brain barrier. The toxin directly stimulated the hypothalamic fever response control center, thus bypassing a requirement for endogenous pyrogen release. SPE C was detected in the cerebrospinal fluids of toxin-treated rabbits by pyrogen tests and a hemagglutination inhibition assay. The toxin altered the permeability of the blood-brain barrier to endotoxin, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae as well as to itself. SPE C did not alter the in vivo differential and total counts of peripheral blood leukocytes and did not elicit endogenous pyrogen release from leukocytes in vitro. In vivo, peripheral blood platelet counts remained unchanged after SPE treatment. Cycloheximide pretreatment of rabbits did not inhibit fever production by SP C. In contrast to the hypothermia observed in mice treated with endotoxin intravenously susceptibility to lethal endotoxin shock. The abilities of SPE C to produce fever and enhance lethal shock were shown to be separate functions of the molecule; fever results from stimulation of the hypothalamus, and enhancement appears not to involve the central nervous system.
Infect Immun 1978 Sep
PMID:Group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin: pyrogenicity, alteration of blood-brain barrier, and separation of sites for pyrogenicity and enhancement of lethal endotoxin shock. 36 77


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