Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The influence of visual association cortex on the pattern of neuronal activity in the lateral geniculate body, during penicillin-induced discharges in visula cortex, was studied. In a majority of those geniculate cells which exhibited a pre-penicillin discharge increment in activity, that increment was abolished or significantly reduced during focal hypothermia of the visual association cortex. The frequency of penicillin discharges in visual cortex was, in most cases, reduced during cooling of association cortex. These findings are briefly discussed in terms of corticothalamic interactions.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1976 Dec
PMID:Influence of association cortex on penicillin discharges in the primary visual cortex. 6 51

Transient major reduction of EEG activity in an hyperpyrexic patient (rectal temperature 42.5 degrees C) and transient isoelectric ECoG during accidental hyperthermia (rectal temperature 41.8 degrees C) in a Rhesus monkey are reported. Since recovery of electrocortical activity occurred in both instance this implies that in hyperthermia, as well as in hypothermia, an isoelectric EEG may not indicate irreversible brain damage.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1977 May
PMID:Reversible profound depression of cerebral electrical activity in hyperthermia. 6 29

Visual evoked potentials were recorded in eight children during hypothermia and circulatory arrest. The potentials were lost in all children recorded in late arrest. The evoked potential is a more sensitive indicator of CNS stress as provoked by combined hypothermia and hypoxia than is the EEG. EEG activity persisted in six of the eight children in this series even during circulatory arrest. The EEG had been seen to do the same in more than half of a larger series of children recorded at that stage. The results suggest that evoked potentials may be a sensitive indicator of early impairment of cerebral function and may demonstrate useful change sooner than the EEG. The examination may be useful in following children with illnesses producing hypoxia or anoxia. The N1 component was as easily and as frequently identifiable as the P2 component. Under the stress of this procedure, the latency of the P2 component became more variable than the N1 peak. The results suggest the N1 component may be as useful and perhaps more useful than the P2 wave in following the effect of some CNS stresses in children.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1978 Jul
PMID:Visual evoked potentials during hypothermia and prolonged circulatory arrest. 7 11

Subcollicular, volume-conducted auditory evoked potentials were obtained from the C57BL/6 laboratory mouse. Barbiturate-induced, whole body hypothermia was associated with a latency increase; between 37 and 31 degrees C, these values were 0.28, 0.48, 0.88 and 0.88 msec for PI-IV, respectively. The amplitude of the auditory nerve potential elicited by a 100 dB click doubled in amplitude between 16 and 42 days post partum. A progressive latency decrease, from PI to PIV, was observed during this age span. Acoustic stress produced differential changes within peripheral and central amplitude and latency measures, and these parameters were also sensitive to the method used to reduce body movement during the recording session. These changes were consistent with anatomical and physiological data from the auditory brain stem of other mammals.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1979 Apr
PMID:Differential changes of auditory nerve and brain stem short latency evoked potentials in the laboratory mouse. 8 41

Creatine kinase BB isoenzyme (CK-BB) was detected intraoperatively in 22 of 25 patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass surgery, both in the coronary sinus and in the mixed venous blood. In a group of 10 patients in whom selective intracavitary profound hypothermic arrest was used, CK-BB values were lower than in another group of 10 patients, in whom controlled ventricular fibrillation with moderate total body hypothermia was instituted. This latter group also had higher levels of CK-MB. Patients who developed acute myocardial infarction immediately prior to or during the surgical intervention had the highest CK-BB values. This enzyme appeared as early as 15 minutes after the institution of cardiopulmonary bypass and disappeared within 6 hours. It is considered that part of the BB isoenzyme in serum of patients undergoing heart surgery is of myocardial origin.
Clin Chim Acta 1977 Mar 15
PMID:Detection of creatine kinase BB isoenzyme in sera of patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass surgery. 30 Jun 59

Pyothorax is a serious disease process which requires both medical and surgical intervention. Late recognition, management problems, and likely recurrence make successful treatment difficult and often frustrating. Aims of therapy should be to avoid undue stress to the patient, to relieve respiratory distress by thoracocentesis, to eliminate infectious agents with antimicrobials, to remove pleural exudate, and to provide supportive care. Close monitoring of the patient is necessary to prevent iatrogenic complications such as pneumothorax, hemothorax, hypothermia, or hypoproteinemia. Exploratory thoracotomy for removal of granulomatous material and fibroelastic pleural "peels" is occasionally necessary to resolve compressive cardiopulmonary lesions.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1979 May
PMID:Management of pyothorax. 31 57

Mice infected with a standard challenge of Salmonella typhimurium manifest a number of changes associated with endotoxemia. These changes result in profound alterations in the nutritional and metabolic status of the host. Food and water intake approaches levels of total inanition, blood glucose declines more rapidly than in fasted controls, hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (the enzyme that is rate limiting in gluconeogenesis) shows diminished activity and loss of cortisol inducibility, and hypothermia, rather than hyperthermia, becomes acute. These changes occur at a time when bacteremia is first demonstrable. This occurs on the 3rd day after infection under the conditions employed. Death occurs in most mice within the next 24 to 48 hr. Mice vaccinated with a highly immunogenic ribosomal preparation and subsequently infected with the standard number of organisms did not manifest the above changes. Other work from this laboratory has established that effects of the type described are elicited by bacterial endotoxin as a result of mediating substances released into the blood by cells of the reticuloendothelial system. Presumably these substances appear in blood of infected mice as well.
Am J Clin Nutr 1977 Aug
PMID:Nutritional effects of salmonellosis in mice. 32 66

In very low birth weight infants, the occurrence of bilirubin-related brain damage has been repeatedly observed at low serum bilirubin concentrations in close association with altered pathophysiologic status (hypoxia, acidosis, hypothermia, and so on). This increased susceptibility is accompanied by increased severity and duration of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia as compared with more mature infants. Clinical manifestations of kernicterus in very low birth weight infants are almost always nonspecific. No single biochemical or physiologic measurement is sufficient to predict the risk for development of the bilirubin-related brain damage in this group. Prevention of bilirubin-related brain damage in very low birth weight infants requires not only the maintenance of physiologic and biochemical milieu within normal limits, but also specific therapy to alleviate unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Although exchange transfusion has been the mainstay of therapy for unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, the increased morbidity and mortality associated with exchange transfusion in these immature infants and the need to maintain very low serum bilirubin concentrations suggest that prophylactic phototherapy may be more beneficial for this group.
Clin Perinatol 1977 Sep
PMID:Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in very low birth weight infants. 33 31

Propranolol is completely absorbed after oral administration and widely distributed throughout tissues. Elimination occurs almost wholly by metabolic transformation in the liver and excretion of the resultant products in the urine. An active metabolite, 4-hydroxypropranolol and possibly other active compounds have been identified; the former only after oral administration. After intravenous administration, hepatic extraction is so efficient that drug clearance is dependent on liver blood flow. After oral administration, propranolol kinetics depend on both dose and duration of therapy, but hepatic extraction remains relatively high and leads in presystemic ('first-pass') elimination and low systemic availability. During continued administration, plasma concentrations vary quite widely due to genetic differences superimposed on which are certain constitutional factors, such as age, and environmental factors such as smoking, other drugs, and perhaps diet. Hepatic, renal, thyroid and some gastrointestinal diseases as well as hypertension, malnutrition and hypothermia may be associated with alterations in propranolol disposition, all of which are consistent with the pathophysiology of these diseases.
Clin Pharmacokinet
PMID:Clinical pharmacokinetics of propranolol. 37 2

The effects of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine and L-tryptophan treatment on ethanol tolerance in the rat, as measured by the moving-belt test of motor impairment and by hypothermia, were examined in separate studies. A 2 x 2 design was used for all experiments. 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine (200 microgram in 20 microliter CSF) or vehicle alone was administered once into both lateral ventricles of the rat. Desmethylimipramine was administered intraperitoneally prior to an intraventricular injection of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine to prevent the destruction of norepinephrine. L-Tryptophan (75 mg/kg p.o. twice daily) or water was administered chronically. Ethanol (4--5 g/kg p.o.) or sucrose was given daily, and the development of tolerance was monitored at 5--7-day intervals. Chronic ethanol treatment produced tolerance to both the motor impairment and hypothermia effects of ethanol. 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine and L-tryptophan treatment did not alter either the motor impairment or hypothermia produced by the initial dose of ethanol. 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine produced a 75% depletion of brain 5-HT and slowed the development of tolerance to ethanol in both measurements. In contrast, elevation of 5-HT by L-tryptophan (39% increase by a single dose) facilitated the development of tolerance to ethanol, as seen in both measures. These findings support our hypothesis that brain 5-HT has a modulating role in the development of tolerance to ethanol.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1979 Oct
PMID:Effect of modification of brain serotonin (5-HT) on ethanol tolerance. 39 Oct 88


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